Francis Michael Longstreth (F.M.L.) Thompson is a British historian specializing in 19th and 20th century British social history. He was educated at Bootham School, York and Queens College, Oxford, where he took his Ph.D. in 1956. He was Reader in Economic History at University College London from 1963 until 1968 and was Professor of Modern History at Bedford College from 1968 until 1977. From 1977 until 1990 he was director of the Institute of Historical Research, University of London, and he served as president of the Royal Historical Society from 1989 to 1993.