The present volume is the fourth in a series of ten volumes of the Selected Works of C. Rajagopalachari being published in association with Nehru Memorial Museum and Library. This volume begins with Rajaji’s enthusiasm for constructive work and ends with his active participation in the civil disobedience movement and imprisonment, covering five momentous years of his life from 1926 to 1930—a very significant phase in India’s freedom struggle. Having established the Gandhi Ashram at Tirichengodu in 1925, Rajaji continued to propagate khadi and the spinning wheel as crucial to relieving rural economic distress. Carrying on crusades for total prohibition and the removal of untouchability, Rajaji became the voice of the Mahatma in the South. Gandhiji spoke of Rajaji as one of satyagraha’s finest exponents and also as his ‘consciencekeeper’, a remark that underscored their personal relationship.
In March 1930 when Gandhiji gave the clarion call for civil disobedience, Rajaji took upon himself the task of carrying his message to the masses. On 30 April 1930, with a band of 100 followers, Rajaji led a civil disobedience campaign to protest the salt tax at Vedaranyam. He was arrested and sentenced to nine months’ imprisonment.
Besides speeches, articles and notes on khadi and prohibition, letters to Gandhiji, Purushotamdas Thakurdas, Mahadev Desai and his co-workers, the volume also includes the full collection of informal talks with young political prisoners at Bellary Jail, titled Chats Behind Bars. It gives an insight into life in prison.
This volume is a collector’s edition that will be a useful tool of reference on the life of Rajaji. It narrates a very important phase in the history of India’s struggle for freedom, making it a reference for scholars, researchers, academics, and lay readers studying the Indian national movement.
Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, informally called Rajaji or C.R., was an Indian lawyer, independence activist, politician, writer, and statesman. Rajagopalachari was the last Governor-General of India. He also served as leader of the Indian National Congress, Premier of the Madras Presidency, Governor of West Bengal, Minister for Home Affairs of the Indian Union, and Chief Minister of Madras state, and as such, he rendered yeomen service to the nation.
Rajagopalachari founded the Swatantra Party and was one of the first recipients of India's highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna. He vehemently opposed the use of nuclear weapons and was a proponent of world peace and disarmament. During his lifetime, he also acquired the nickname 'Mango of Salem'.
Rajaji was a great patriot, astute politician, incisive thinker, great visionary, and one of the greatest statesmen of all time. He was a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi, hailed as conscious-keeper of the Mahatma.
Rajaji was closely associated with Kulapati Munshiji and he was among the distinguished founder-members of the Bhavan (Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan). The Bhavan has published 18 books by him so far, the copyright of which he gifted to the Bhavan. Rajaji wrote not only in English but also in chaste Tamil, his mother-tongue. He was at his best as a short-story writer.