This book is a very thoughtful attempt at a Covenantal critique of Paedobaptism. The book is highly logical, which is exactly what I would expect from Pastor Johnson. He does a good job at explaining the history of Paedobaptism and presenting what he identifies as the 8 primary Paedobaptist approaches. He then focuses in on the Presbyterian approaches and critiques them on multiple points, including the obvious differences between circumcision and baptism (only males were circumcised, unbelieving adults were circumcised, etc.) and the exegetical problems the Presbyterian encounters with Galatians 4 and Hebrews 8.
I especially found his criticism of the different approaches to the conditions of the Covenant of Grace to be helpful, particularly his critiques of the the Rollock-Horne view, the Hodge-Kline-Fesko-Horton view, and the John Murray view. When he got to Federal Vision, he didn’t really strongly critique the view. Instead, he (rightly) presumed the absurdity of the argument and used it as a reductio ad absurdum against Paedobaptism (in fact, that’s the name of the chapter). In that regard, it was really helpful to see him demonstrate the way that Paedobaptism logically leads to Federal Vision. If I had to nitpick, I would’ve liked to see him provide more critique than that it compromises Sola Fide (though it does).
Another beneficial aspect of the book, consistent with my previous commendation, is his handling of the idea of covenant breakers. He does a very good job explaining the damage that the covenantal Paedobaptist position does to the Federal Headship of Christ and/or the efficacy of the Covenant of Grace. He also does really well at showing where Paedobaptist Covenant Theology compromises Limited Atonement and Penal Substitutionary Atonement.
I do have occasional disagreements with Pastor Johnson. For example, Johnson believes that the Mosaic Covenant was a covenant of works unto eternal life, whereas I believe is was a covenant of works unto Israel’s status in the land. I think the most significant way this impacts his argument is his handling of the potential Paedobaptist objection (and - if modified - “Status-in-the-Land” 1689 Federalist objection): “How could saints in the OT like Elijah, Moses, David, etc. be saved through the Covenant of Grace yet be members of a covenant of works?” I would say that the MC and CoG aren’t mutually exclusive because they are unto different ends, but I don’t know if Pastor Johnson could answer this quite as easily. It is just a slight disagreement, but still is one nonetheless.
His presentation of “Covenantal Dichotomism” is also beneficial, systematically explaining the twofold nature of the (singular) Abrahamic Covenant. It shows very well how the two fulfillments of the Abrahamic Covenant contrast and gives a solid scriptural basis for this approach. I found this chapter to be necessary for two reasons: (1) it better informed me about the twofold nature of the Covenant (2) it cleared up some confusion I had from the earlier parts of the book about Johnson’s view of the Abrahamic Covenant.
Overall, I would recommend this book to those who are contemplating issues relating to Baptism, Covenant Theology, Republication, Apostasy, and any of the other topics that this book either directly or indirectly tackles.