Walt Whitman's poetry, especially his Civil War poetry, attracted settings by a wide variety of modern composers in both English- and German-speaking countries. The essays in this volume trace the transformation of Whitman's nineteenth-century texts into vehicles for confronting twentieth-century problems-aesthetic, social, and political. The contributors pay careful attention to music and poetry alike in examining how the Whitman settings become exemplary means of dealing with both the tragic and utopian faces of modernism. The book is accompanied by a recording by Joan Heller and Thomas Stumpf of complete Whitman cycles composed by Kurt Weill, George Crumb, and Lawrence Kramer, and the first recording of four Whitman songs composed in the 1920s by Marc Blitzstein.
Lawrence Kramer is Professor of English and Music at Fordham University and co-editor of the journal 19th-Century Music. He has held visiting professorships at Yale, Columbia, the University of Graz, the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, and McMaster University. His work, focused on the interrelations of music, culture, and society, comprises numerous essays and a series of seven books, most recently including Musical Meaning: Toward a Critical History (2001) and Opera and Modern Culture: Wagner and Strauss (2004), both published by the University of California Press. Next year California will bring out Beyond the Soundtrack: Representing Music in Cinema, a collection he edited with Daniel Goldmark and Richard Leppert on the basis of an international conference that the three organized in 2004.