This collection of papers is from the 1995 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition held in Las Vegas Nevada from February 12-16, 1995. It has as its subject matter emerging concepts in aqueous effluent treatment. Membrane separation, reverse osmosis, ion separation, flotation, precipitation and adsorption processes are some of the topics covered. Coverage selective separation of trace metals and organics from water; removal of heavy metal ions from acid mine water by ferrite co-precipitation process; flotation separation of uranium from contaminated soils; phosphate beneficiation - challenges and opportunities; gold recovery from organic solvents using galvanic stripping; extraction of silver from Ag-rich complex sulfide ore.