Para uma Sociologia da Ciência

by Pierre Bourdieu

Paperback

Published January 1, 2004

About the author

Bourdieu pioneered investigative frameworks and terminologies such as cultural, social, and symbolic capital, and the concepts of habitus, field or location, and symbolic violence to reveal the dynamics of power relations in social life. His work emphasized the role of practice and embodiment or forms in social dynamics and worldview construction, often in opposition to universalized Western philosophical traditions. He built upon the theories of Ludwig Wittgenstein, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Edmund Husserl, Georges Canguilhem, Karl Marx, Gaston Bachelard, Max Weber, Émile Durkheim, Erwin Panofsky, and Marcel Mauss. A notable influence on Bourdieu was Blaise Pascal, after whom Bourdieu titled his Pascalian Meditations.

Bourdieu rejected the idea of the intellectual "prophet", or the "total intellectual", as embodied by Sartre. His best known book is Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste, in which he argues that judgments of taste are related to social position. His argument is put forward by an original combination of social theory and data from surveys, photographs and interviews, in an attempt to reconcile difficulties such as how to understand the subject within objective structures. In the process, he tried to reconcile the influences of both external social structures and subjective experience on the individual (see structure and agency).

Reviews

[Wilson prata · Rating 3 out of 5]

Um livro em que Bourdieu tem como objeto a sociologia da ciência. Realiza primeiramente uma crítica a respeito das noções dominantes nessa prática, o estruturo-funcionalismo do qual Kuhn é o principal expoente e o science studies de Latour. Coloca o limite de ambas as abordagens e quais os ganhos de entender a sociologia da ciência a partir de sua noção de campo, espaço de lutas e trocas simbólicas, com posições e disposições próprias. O livro é muito bom para exemplificar a aplicação dessa abordagem em um campo com algumas distinções do campo artístico. Não se trata de uma obra introdutória, recomendo que seja uma leitura realizada após o entendimento dos conceitos que o pesquisador utiliza como habitus, campo, capital simbólico, troca simbólica, legitimação, dominação simbólica, prática, etc.