Scholarly papers on the state of research on ancient synagogues. Synagogue Theories and Facts by Joseph Gutmann; The Symbolism of Ancient The Evidence of the Synagogue by Jacob Neusner; Censoring In and Censoring A Function of Liturgical Language by Lawrence A. Hoffman; Ancient Synagogue An Overview by Andrew R. Seager; First-Century Synagogue Methodological Problems by Marilyn J. Chiat; Ancient Gush Halav (Giscala), Palestinian Synagogues and the Eastern Diaspora by Eric M. Meyers; Social Systems of Six Diaspora Synagogues by A. Thomas Kraabel; Selected Bibliography; Index. Illustrated. Brown Judaic Studies No. 22.