This book treats turbulence from the point of view of dynamical systems. In recent decades, turbulence has evolved into a very active field of theoretical physics. The modern theory of fractals and multifractals now plays a major role in turbulence research, and turbulent states are being studied as important dynamical states of matter, in a much broader context than hydrodynamics. The origin of this development is the approach to turbulence from the point of view of deterministic dynamical systems, and in this book it is shown how concepts developed for low dimensional chaotic systems can be applied to turbulent states.