The EPA addresses UV disinfection in the proposed Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2ESWTR) for inactivation of Cryptosporidium (USEPA, 2003a). This research report addresses issues not covered by the EPA's upcoming whether UV light or other technologies should be installed to meet regulatory requirements; a step-by-step approach for evaluating implementation issues or estimating UV disinfection capital and operations costs; and an in-depth evaluation of potential failure modes and how to address critical process control points.