Conceptos fundamentales: Curso del semestre de verano Friburgo

by Martin Heidegger, Manuel E. Vázquez García (Contributor)

Con el título CONCEPTOS FUNDAMENTALES se designa el curso que Heidegger impartió en el semestre de verano de 1941 en la Universidad de Friburgo. El texto es un comentario a la sentencia de Anaximandro «toma al cuidado el ente en total»; esto párate a pensar que en el ente en total, en aquello que desde allí interpela al hombre, radica todo. «Conceptos fundamentales significa concebir el fundamento, alcanzar el suelo, llegar a estar allí donde sólo mora una estancia y una constancia, donde ocurren todas las decisiones, pero de donde también toda indecisión toma prestado su escondite». De Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) Alianza Editorial ha publicado también Prolegómenos para una historia del concepto de tiempo, Aclaraciones a la poesía de Hölderlin, Lógica, Hitos, Caminos de bosque, Ontología y La fenomenología del espíritu de Hegel.

Genres: Philosophy

184 pages, paper

First published November 21, 1985

About the author

Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) was a German philosopher whose work is perhaps most readily associated with phenomenology and existentialism, although his thinking should be identified as part of such philosophical movements only with extreme care and qualification. His ideas have exerted a seminal influence on the development of contemporary European philosophy. They have also had an impact far beyond philosophy, for example in architectural theory (see e.g., Sharr 2007), literary criticism (see e.g., Ziarek 1989), theology (see e.g., Caputo 1993), psychotherapy (see e.g., Binswanger 1943/1964, Guignon 1993) and cognitive science (see e.g., Dreyfus 1992, 2008; Wheeler 2005; Kiverstein and Wheeler forthcoming).

Reviews

[Dan · Rating 5 out of 5]

Basic-concepts or ground-concepts involves the readiness to reach the ground and not let it go again. For Heidegger, to grasp the ground means to grasp Being; and this in turn means grasping the original Greek inception. To this purpose, Heidegger presents and elaborates the ontological distinction between Being and beings; probably with more details and at length than in any other of his books. Man is admitted into this differentiation, and thus his nature/essence determined.

There is one consequence of the above that I found very interesting and that pops several times in this book; that is the modern tendency to take physics ineligibility to be “ineligibility per se” and to apply it to everything - including man. Way back, Kant transported the understanding of causality from Newtonian physics into the understanding of human freedom as lack of any such causality. During the time Heidegger delivered this course, quantum physics dismissed the notion of causality completely. Heidegger sensed that among physicists, scientists, and philosophers of his time there was an expectation of moving from quantum physics into a quantum biology, and then again further into a quantum history and finally into a quantum metaphysics. Basically, the definition of unpredictability from quantum physics is extended to encompass everything - including human freedom. The reason for this tendency and expectation is quite simple – since quantum physics' predictions were so accurate and fundamental, then they must also be right about everything else. These days there is a lot of talk about quantum computers; and everyone expects, beside and beyond the boost in computing power, some fantastical ontological revelations about nature and in particular about human nature. More generally and for some time now, physics and physicians claim to build a “theory of everything” are taken by almost everyone to really encompass and explain “everything” - including human nature.

[Mohammed Ridha · Rating 5 out of 5]

اول كتاب اكمله في 2026 وهو عبارة عن سلسلة محاضرات القاها هايدغر بجامعة فرايبورغ خلال الفصل الشتوي عام 1941 بواقع ساعة واحدة في الاسبوع، وهي المرحلة في فكر هايدغر المسماة التحول (die Kehre)...الكتاب عبارة عن مقدمة وجزئين، في المقدمة وكعادته في اغلب كتبه ومحاضراته يشرح معنى العنوان: المفاهيم الأساسية وماهو معنى الأساس او الأرضية والامساك بها وعلاقتها بالبدء الإغريقي. بينما يتكلم الجزء الأول تقريباً عن الفرق بين الكينونة والكائنات وبعض توصيفات الكينونة وهو الجزء الأكثر فائدة من الكتاب والاقرب للفهم، اما الجزء الثاني فيغوص بشكل عميق بتفسير مقولة للفيلسوف الإغريقي اناكسمندر يبين فيها البدء الإغريقي المنسي على الرغم من كونه فعال ونشط إلى الآن، هذا الجزء غامض جداً ومستحيل على الفهم بدون قراءته وتتبعه كلمة كلمة.

[David Haines · Rating 4 out of 5]

As with most works by Heidegger, this was a dizzying look at the foundational notions surrounding Being and beings. It is an interesting book that is well worth the effort required to read it. It will certainly help to better understand Heidegger's Introduction to Metaphysics, and other works. That being said, sometimes even a copy that is written in your own language (translated from German) is still difficult and some phrases need indepth study and plenty of concentration to fully understand.

[dahyung · Rating 2 out of 5]

Lots of "ontological" definitions and interpretations on what Anaximander says. Does not understand mostly what he is trying to say, but doesn't feel what I'm missing here so much.