Газовое сердце: Три ДАДАдрамы

by Tristan Tzara

Возникший в годы мировой бойни или «Великой войны», дадаизм стал яростным протестом против буржуазной жизни, отжившего искусства и устройства мира. Основатель Дада Тристан Тцара (1896-1963) видел в дадаизме не столько художественное течение, сколько особое «состояние духа» – и мало что отразило это мироощущение с такой полнотой, как драмы самого Тцара. Абсурд, гротеск, провокация и вызов, поэзия шумов и зауми, лирические излияния и контрапункт голосов, создающих, по словам Х. Балля, «элегичное, веселое и причудливое содержание»… Все смешалось в этих пьесах, неизменно вызывавших скандалы на легендарных манифестациях Дада в Цюрихе и Париже.
Книга включает все три пьесы Тцара дадаистического периода – «Первое небесное приключение господина Антипирина», «Второе небесное приключение господина Антипирина» и «Газовое сердце» – а также мемуарный текст «Воспоминания о дадаизме».

108 pages, Unknown Binding

First published January 1, 2012

About the author

Romanian-born French poet and essayist known mainly as a founder of Dada, a nihilistic revolutionary movement in the arts.

The Dadaist movement originated in Zürich during World War I; Tzara wrote the first Dada texts - La Premiére Aventure cèleste de Monsieur Antipyrine (1916; "The First Heavenly Adventure of Mr. Antipyrine") and Vingt-cinq poémes (1918; "Twenty-Five Poems") - and the movement's manifestos, Sept manifestes Dada (1924; "Seven Dada Manifestos").

In Paris he engaged in tumultuous activities with André Breton, Philippe Soupault, and Louis Aragon to shock the public and to disintegrate the structures of language. About 1930, weary of nihilism and destruction, he joined his friends in the more constructive activities of Surrealism. He devoted much of his time to the reconciliation of Surrealism and Marxism and joined the Communist Party in 1936 and the French Resistance movement during World War II. These political commitments brought him closer to his fellow human beings, and he gradually matured into a lyrical poet. His poems revealed the anguish of his soul, caught between revolt and wonderment at the daily tragedy of the human condition.

His mature works started with L'Homme approximatif (1931; "The Approximate Man") and continued with Parler seul (1950; "Speaking Alone") and La Face intèrieure (1953; "The Inner Face"). In these, the anarchically scrambled words of Dada were replaced with a difficult but humanized language.