Parasitology is the area of biology concerned with the phenomena of dependence of one living organism on another. All animal and plant forms originated and developed and free-living organisms that were obliged to compete with others for their existence. Only those which developed satisfactory adjustments and adaptations were able to survive. Among this group were many species in different phyla of the Animal and Plant Kingdoms which came to depend on their associates for shelter and food. In some instances the remarkable adaptions suggest that this interrelationship has existed for a long time, probably many thousands of years. Other groups of parasites appear to have more recently acquired a parasitic mode of life, and a few of these have not yet become irreversibly committed to parasitism. Still others are only now developing the earliest adaptations to parasitism.