I was a member of the Socialist Workers Party at the time, 1983, the speech was given that this book is based on (it was clearly much longer). Party leaders tried to convince me to go to the Young Socialist Alliance convention where it was to be given. I didn't have a good excuse for not going, but I didn't realize how important this was going to be, despite the fact that I was told that. I remain a supporter of the SWP, and work at keeping the books in print and indexing the 'Militant.'
It is quite amazing to see the gossip around this book; as Jack Barnes says, when it came out in the first issue of 'New International magazine,' "it was treated as a scandal." Today there are lots of people who have never read it and have never read a single issue of the 'Militant,' who have convinced themselves that they can fully explain this to you. Some prefer mindless speculation to reading.
It was Lenin who said "It is necessary that every member of the party should study calmly and with the greatest objectivity, first the substance of the differences of opinion and then the development of struggles within the party. Neither the one nor the other can be done unless the documents of both sides are published. He who takes someone's word for it is a hopeless idiot who can be disposed of with a gesture of the hand."
You will find people who say that the SWP became "Castroist," whatever that means. We had always supported the Cuban Revolution. Others say outright that it has become "Stalinist," a term they seem to know nothing about. Those who were never in the party must be judged even more critically than the Lenin quote suggests: Why are they talking about something they know nothing about?
Some people claim that after this, the Socialist Workers Party went into a decline from which it has never recovered. But in fact, that statement is a total lie. Yes, some people maneuvered so as to get themselves expelled. This was not a loss for the party, it was a gain, and with the revolutions in Grenada and especially Nicaragua, the party grew considerably beyond the size it had been before this document.
Plus, if one were going to judge a party by size, then the Mensheviks would appear to have had all the advantages in Russia, and yet...
For different reasons, the revolutions in Grenada, Nicaragua, and El Salvador went down to defeat. We have analyzed all this in 'New International' and the 'Militant.' The Soviet Union collapsed, which we didn't see as a loss. We had always defended the Soviet Union and the other degenerated or deformed workers states against imperialism, but absolutely never had we defended the Stalinists from the working class. But many people of all political opinions were convinced that this meant that Marxism was discredited.
That was the thing that lost us members, not this or that "error," and the party is obviously not free from errors. Because of "social media," all of these disgruntled former members (who agree on almost nothing) appear to be a strong force, although in reality they are all on their way out of revolutionary politics. Some are doing Cuba solidarity work, but they are mostly not playing a positive role in it. Some have now wound up as supporters of the Jew-hating, pro-Nazi Hamas (see The Fight Against Jew-Hatred and Pogroms in the Imperialist Epoch).
Follow Lenin's advice and read this for yourself. Gossip is worthless.