Designed to introduce students to key concepts and methods in sociology and to engage them in critical thinking, Ten Lessons in Introductory Sociology provides a brief and valuable overview to four major questions that guide the
* Why sociology? * What unites us? * What divides us? * How do societies change?
Deftly balancing breadth and depth, the book makes the study of sociology accessible, relevant, and meaningful. Contextualizing the most important issues, Ten Lessons helps students discover "the sociological imagination" and what it means to be part of an engaged public discourse.
evolutionary model of social change society as a social organism/ social change as a continual process/ social change "as a mechanism" to maintain social stability/ structural functionalism /differentiation or inclusion/intergration (durkheim- division of labor/ specializations) society gets upgrades critiques: "functional theory does not account for agency" / does not account for transformation (streets are saying its a flop)
dialectical model of social change (marx - capitalism) society characterized by contradictions/ working out contradictions= social change/ transformative/ social change not assumed to be for the better/ there is no set way, recipe, or pattern for social change - emergent phenomena/ changes in power and distribution of resources
structural theories- macro/ structure enables or constrains (marx)/ affects ppls options/ weber -iron cage/ less creativity/ production and dehumanization (ritzer) interaction theories- micro/people maintain or change society by interacting with it or performing their roles (ex. butler's "do gender")/ ethnomethodology and symbolic interaction/ capacity to change society/ deviance and resistance post structural- how knowledge and its production affect social change/ how do we know what we know and how do we "legitimize knowledge" + how it affects human action knowledge and power relationship (foucault) actors with power control knowledge production/ actors with knowledge tend to have more power what if you're on the margins? according to foucault, an expert must legitimize your position, or you must legitimize your knowledge to create social change. (tho using existing knowledge limits possibilities) "individuals or groups that challenge the order of society are contesting not just power relations but also the knowledge on which those power relations rest." 258.
the rest of the chapter: social actors (ex. corporations, state, social movements) and examples at the local, national, and global level