Othello, Timon d'Athènes, Le Roi Lear, Macbeth, Antoine et Cléopâtre, Coriolan

by William Shakespeare

Parmi les trente-huit pièces que nous a léguées Shakespeare, dix sont communément appelées "tragédies". La définition du genre est pourtant moins évidente que lorsqu'il s'agit des tragédies de Racine. Pour un classique français, nourri d'Aristote, d'Horace et de leurs commentateurs, les choses peuvent paraître simples : cinq actes en vers alexandrins ; respect des bienséances ; unités de temps, de lieu et d'action ; de grands personnages traitant de grandes affaires publiques. Il n'en va pas de même pour Shakespeare : les frontières entre tragédies, tragi-comédies, pièces historiques et comédies sont mouvantes. L'emploi de la prose se mêle aux vers, le bouffon répond au roi, le fossoyeur au prince du Danemark. L'action souvent se complique, se déplace d'une scène à l'autre. On passe de la rue au palais, de la chambre de la reine dans une taverne. Les personnages se multiplient ; le théâtre devient son propre miroir.
C'est cette liberté de sujet et de ton, héritée du théâtre médiéval et renaissant, qui caractérise le théâtre de Shakespeare et fonde sa modernité. Déjà présente dans les pièces historiques, cette liberté est plus manifeste encore dans les tragédies qui, chronologiquement, leur font suite. Si, dans les premières pièces, Shakespeare place l'homme face aux aléas de l'histoire, dans les tragédies il place l'homme face à ses propres incertitudes.
Robert Kopp.

Cette nouvelle édition bilingue des Oeuvres complètes de Shakespeare comportera huit volumes : deux volumes de "Tragédies", deux volumes de "Pièces historiques", deux volumes de "Comédies" et deux volumes contenant les "Tragi-comédies" et les "Sonnets". Elle est placée sous la direction de Michel Grivelet et Gilles Monsarrat, connus pour leurs travaux sur Shakespeare et le théâtre élisabéthain. Les traductions des "Tragédies" sont dues à Victor Bourgy, Michel Grivelet, Louis Lecocq, Gilles Monsarrat, Jean-Claude Sallé, Léone Teyssandier, qui sont également responsables des présentations, des notes et de la bibliographie.

1170 pages, Paperback

About the author

William Shakespeare was an English playwright, poet, and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon" (or simply "the Bard"). His extant works, including collaborations, consist of some 39 plays, 154 sonnets, three long narrative poems, and a few other verses, some of uncertain authorship. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright. Shakespeare remains arguably the most influential writer in the English language, and his works continue to be studied and reinterpreted.
Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. Sometime between 1585 and 1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor, writer, and part-owner ("sharer") of a playing company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, later known as the King's Men after the ascension of King James VI and I of Scotland to the English throne. At age 49 (around 1613), he appears to have retired to Stratford, where he died three years later. Few records of Shakespeare's private life survive; this has stimulated considerable speculation about such matters as his physical appearance, his sexuality, his religious beliefs, and even certain fringe theories as to whether the works attributed to him were written by others.
Shakespeare produced most of his known works between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were primarily comedies and histories and are regarded as some of the best works produced in these genres. He then wrote mainly tragedies until 1608, among them Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, all considered to be among the finest works in the English language. In the last phase of his life, he wrote tragicomedies (also known as romances) and collaborated with other playwrights.
Many of Shakespeare's plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime. However, in 1623, John Heminge and Henry Condell, two fellow actors and friends of Shakespeare's, published a more definitive text known as the First Folio, a posthumous collected edition of Shakespeare's dramatic works that includes 36 of his plays. Its Preface was a prescient poem by Ben Jonson, a former rival of Shakespeare, that hailed Shakespeare with the now famous epithet: "not of an age, but for all time".