The disproportionate representation of black Americans in the U.S. criminal justice system is well documented. Far less well-documented are the entrenched systems and beliefs that shape punishment and other official forms of social control today.
In Race, Gender, and Punishment , Mary Bosworth and Jeanne Flavin bring together twelve original essays by prominent scholars to examine not only the discrimination that is evident, but also the structural and cultural forces that have influenced and continue to perpetuate the current situation. Contributors point to four major factors that have impacted public sentiment and criminal justice colonialism, slavery, immigration, and globalization. In doing so they reveal how practices of punishment not only need particular ideas about race to exist, but they also legitimate them.
The essays unearth troubling evidence that testifies to the nation's brutally racist past, and to white Americans' continued fear of and suspicion about racial and ethnic minorities. The legacy of slavery on punishment is considered, but also subjects that have received far less attention such as how colonizers' notions of cultural superiority shaped penal practices, the criminalization of reproductive rights, the link between citizenship and punishment, and the global export of crime control strategies.
Uncomfortable but necessary reading, this book provides an original critique of why and how the criminal justice system has emerged as such a racist institution.
Jeanne Flavin is a Professor of Sociology at Fordham University.
Dr. Flavin earned her Ph.D. in Sociology: Justice from American University in 1995. Her scholarship examines the impact of the criminal justice system on women, and has appeared in Gender & Society, Justice Quarterly, and the Fordham University Urban Law Journal. She is the author of "Our Bodies, Our Crimes" (NYU, 2009) on the criminalization of women's reproduction and co-authored the book, "Class, Race, Gender & Crime: Social Realities of Justice in America, 2nd ed." (Rowman and Littlefield, 2010). In 2009, Jeanne accepted a Fulbright Award to undertake research at the University of Cape Town, South Africa. She proudly chairs the board of directors of National Advocates for Pregnant Women.