The second novel by the economist Joel Kurtzman draws upon his experience working for state psychiatric institutions, something he couldn't keep up for long because of the poor state of affairs and emotional horror he had to face. To process his emotions, he shows the life of Bobby, a violent criminal deemed mentally unfit and placed in one of these institutions, and the grueling emotional ordeal he goes through. Bobby is no innocent - we see his past offences up close and personal, and while he was largely a witness to the doings of a much more twisted companion, he took part in these crimes, and ultimately the system fails to understand him and he is ground up in the machine. While not as vividly drawn as the reader might like, we understand Bobby's fears and predicament quite well, even considering the nightmare of his past. The balance of institutional responsibilities and failings is depicted carefully and with fine pacing so the reader can see the deficiencies and inevitability of failure the system presents. Through all of this Kurtzman's language has a condensed poetic power, giving ugly material a literary depth and sensitivity that keeps it above the surface of tedious scum, which a lesser writer might have felt tempted to dip into for shock value. A sad, arresting story, a forgotten gem from the Cuckoo's Nest era.