Occupied: European and Asian Responses to Axis Conquest, 1937–1945

by Aviel Roshwald

For most of the population of Europe and East and Southeast Asia, the most persistent and significant aspect of their experience of the Second World War was that of occupation by one or more of the Axis powers. In this ambitious and wide-ranging study, Aviel Roshwald brings us the first single-authored, comparative treatment of European and Asian responses to German and Japanese occupation during the war. He illustrates how patriotic, ethno-national, and internationalist identities were manipulated, exploited, reconstructed and reinvented as a result of the wholesale dismantling of states and redrawing of borders. Using eleven case studies from across the two continents, he examines how behavioral choices around collaboration and resistance were conditioned by existing identities or loyalties as well as by short-term cost–benefit calculations, opportunism, or coercion.

481 pages, Hardcover

First published April 30, 2023

About the author

Aviel Roshwald is an American historian of modern history and Professor of history at Georgetown University.

He received his B.A from the University of Minnesota in 1980 at the age of 18, and his PhD from Harvard University in 1987.

As a scholar of nationalism, Roshwald is noted for his belief that nations and nationalism already existed in the ancient world.

Roshwald is the son of academics Mordecai Roshwald and Miriam Roshwald , and the husband of Alene Moyer