The Intro to Psych II: Personality (1) quiz

Personality is defined as the psychological qualities of an individual that influence a wide variety of __________ over time and across situations.

There are two theories of personality introduced at the beginning of the chapter: Type and Trait. Which one has generally been discarded?

According to Galen, the Yellow Bile humor was associated with _________ and ________.

Whereas Type Theories acknowledge discontinuous categories, Trait Theories account for continuous ....

Will Sheldon classified personalities according to . . .

Not all people develop Allport's theoretical Cardinal trait.

Raymond Cattell was a ________ theorist and proposed _______ factors.

The definition of the Five Factor Model states that it is a comprehensive, descriptive personality system used to map out the relationships between common traits, evolved behavior, and cultural influence.

Hans Eysenck came up with a circle of traits based on the Greek idea of humors. However these were now organized according to two dimensions, which were:

There is no evolutionary explanation for why some people are extraverted and some are not when clearly it is an advantage to be extraverted.

The consistency paradox is the observation that while personality ratings remain consistent across different observers and over time, behavioral rations across situations are not consistent.

All Psychodynamic personality theories shared the assumption that personality is shaped by, and behavior is motivated by, . . .

According to Freud, behavior is motivated by inborn drives and instincts that are tension systems. What are the two main categories of drives he proposed?

In Freud's 5 stages of psychosexual development, which stage is the one occurring from 4-5 years old where vanity and recklessness are the fixations?

During the ages 6-12, what fixation does Freud believe occurs in adults who haven't successfully moved on?

A shy extravert is publicly outgoing but privately shy. This means they doubt that others will _______ in social situations.

_____% of babies are born shy.

While people from Asia are quite shy due to shame for social failure and emphasis on obedience, while people in Israel are hardly shy as their culture emphasizes taking risks and ....

The ID is governed by the __________ principle.

The superego represents the internalization of society's values, morals and standards.

Repression: The psychological process that protects an individual via the basic defense mechanism of storing painful or guilt-producing memories, thoughts and feelings out of . . .

According to Freud, anxiety was an intense emotional response to the preconscious awareness that a(n) __________ conflict was about to come into consciousness.

Choose the group that is out of place with respect to ego defense mechanisms.

There are five criticisms of Psychodynamic theory. Which was NOT such a criticism?

Some changes were made to psychodynamic theory by Adler. He rejected the idea of the Eros drive and instead proposed the conflict between:

Horney (how aptly named), made some changes to the psychodynamic theory by proposing that male envy was not so phallocentric and instead rooted in:

Carl Jung hypothesized the Collective Unconscious, which is the part of the individual's unconscious that is inherited and common to all members of the species through evolutionary _________.

Carl Jung also suggested the existence of archetypes, which are universal, primitive, symbolic and inherited representations of objects or experiences.

Males are assigned specifically to the Animus archetype, and females to the anima archetype, a unique experience for each gender.

Analytic psychology sees the individual as a constellation of compensatory internal forces in a dynamic.....

"A concept of personality psychology in which a person constantly strives to realize their potential and develop inherent capabilities." This statement is true of what branch of personality theory?

Horney said that for one's 'real self' to develop, the person needs to feel warmth and support from . . . .

Which one is NOT one of the three types of Interpersonal defenses proposed by Horney?

One of the characteristics of humanistic personality theory is that it is phenomenological, meaning that it is focused on the present, not rooted in the past, and places emphasis on:

Just like in psychodynamic theory, in humanistic theory, dispositional forces are constant, unwavering factors that guide personality and behavior.

If you were assessed to be more 'internal' as a child, should you expect to be in better or worse health than an 'external' peer by age 30?

If you were a boy, aged 10, and had a high level of verbal intelligence, but a low ability to control your attention, how likely are you to bully other children, on a scale of 1 (hardly at all) to 4 (very likely)?

Michel's cognitive-affective theory includes five factors that are thought to influence personality. Which of the choices below is NOT one?

Reciprocal determinism is a component of Bandura's social-learning theory that states there exists a complex, reciprocal interaction between a person, their behavior, and the environment, so that each component affects ______

One type of self-efficacy involves someone learning through someone else's experience; the other involves one's own perception of one's emotion leading up to an event. The words that describe these components, respectively, are:

Yet another type of social personality theory involves the expertise people bring to their experience of daily life tasks. Three components are selection of goals, strategies for which to achieve those goals, and knowledge relevant to:

Two criticisms of social-learning and cognitive theories are presented in the text. One is that they often overlook unconscious motivation and emotions. The second questions how competencies are created, pointing out that the theory is too concerned with present behavior. Competencies are a component of whose theory?

A self-concept is a person's mental model of his or her abilities and attributes. Which of the below is NOT a component of self-concept?

Self-esteem can be thought of as a generalized:

If you often interpret your own behavior based on your level of tiredness, and you witness your classmate act unusually aggressive towards a friend, you are likely to interpret her actions as caused by:

Self-handicapping is the development of behavioral reactions and explanations in anticipation of possible failure that minimize ability deficits as attributions for failure. Men and women are both likely to engage in this behavior when faced with a practice test.

This test evaluates your social identity, self-evaluation, ambitions, ideological beliefs, interests, and other. What is its name?

If you see yourself as part of an encompassing social relationship, and you have realized that your actions are determined by, contingent on, and organized by your perception of the thoughts, feelings and actions of others, your construal of self is thought of as ________.

One could criticize self-theories for overlooking heritability. What is the other criticism mentioned in the text?

With regard to past/present/future dimensions, the only personality theory that firmly considers future state is: