In other words, Mill believed that to develop excellent ideas, we need competing ideas. That is why it is so dangerous when powerful actors work not to win the competition of ideas, but instead to shut it down—by narrowing acceptable discourse, squashing protest, silencing opposing viewpoints, and saying people of opposing opinions are stupid or evil. That is what is happening in our politics today, when one 2016 presidential candidate accuses the other of promoting the policy preferences of “a paranoid fringe” and the other’s rejoinder is to call the first candidate a criminal and “the worst
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