It commenced (1811) in Nottingham as a form of direct “trade union” enforcement, endorsed by the working community. As such it at once incurred outlawry, and its very situation drove it in a more insurrectionary direction. By the winter of 1811–12 it is likely that “delegates”, whether official or unofficial, did travel to other parts of the north.2 Yorkshire Luddism (February 1812) commenced in a more insurrectionary temper. On the one hand, the
