Jihad had very specific parameters, he said, sternly. One couldn’t harm women, children, or other noncombatants. The enemy’s crops and fields must be respected: “You can’t harm even a tree.” A jihad can be waged only by legitimate Islamic leaders operating openly, not by self-appointed guerrillas striking covertly. And jihad must not target fellow Muslims. “Those who raise their weapons against us,” said the Prophet Muhammad, “are not from us.” Today, the vast majority of the people dying in the name of jihad are Muslims.
