The basis of the eager expectation that fomented discontent and fuelled revolution was not merely frustration with the inequalities of the Roman imperial system, but the fact that this frustration was set within the context of Jewish monotheism, election and eschatology. The covenant god would act once more, bringing to birth the ‘coming age’, ha‘olam ha-ba’, which would replace the ‘present age’, ha‘olam ha-zeh, the age of misery, bondage, sorrow and exile.
Eschatological messianism <~Jewish covenantal monotheism+political oppression
