Changing the Focus is useful when there’s tension or hostility in the air and you and the other person are in an adversarial relationship. Positive Reframing can help you transform almost any type of hostile relationship failure into one of warmth, trust, and intimacy. You can use Multiple-Choice Empathy when you’re trying to talk to a friend or family member who refuses to talk to you, or someone who doesn’t know quite how to express what he or she is feeling.

