The need for these bulwarks makes it appear as if humans are working at cross-purposes. Evolution may have built in such push-pull tension between social bonding and sexual drive. Over the millions of years of evolution, males and females may have been engaged in a kind of war of self-interest. Females may be constantly seeking the best possible genes for their offspring. To succeed, they would need to be both fertile and bold enough to exploit that fertility by seeking out an extra-pair partner. Meanwhile, males may be driven to spread all that sperm around but also be driven to prevent
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