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A mid-period Alger, where he tried to expand his reader base by stretching his universe to include places further away than Central Park. In this novel, Horatio asks himself where possibly would a boy seeking his fortune want to go if not to New York City? The answer apparently was to the gold fields of California. There is nothing in particular that makes this a logical choice for our hero Benjamin. When we meet him he is newly orphaned and is already set upon his trip out west. The opening chapters are dedicated to his turning down work opportunities in his home town, a process that allows him to make mild fun of his uncle's life choices while also forcing him to agree, openly mock the meanness of the local miser to his face, and sneer at the offer of local posh boy who wants him to hire him as a valet.
So from the start we can see that Ben is a real sh*t that Alger wants us to forgive because he has ambition. This was a regular problem of the mid-period Alger novel, because the classic Alger formula was to constantly reaffirm that there is no shame in accepting any kind of honest labor if it offered itself. When Alger set his mind to getting his boys out of the small towns and the squalid streets that served him so well in the Ragged Dick era, he had to have them turn down the exact offers of work that he promised was the surest path to success in his early novels. Without re-imagining the whole Alger formula he couldn't help but create nasty little pieces of work, like our hero Ben. So expect to hate him.
The bulk of the book is a normal Alger workup, where the best strategy for our hero is to keep an honest face while waiting for good things to happen to him. He travels to California at no cost to himself and is handed a pile of expense dollars because a young woman trusts him immediately, and then he attracts small group of decent hardworking allies while moving amidst a cloud of imbecile criminals and foolish bullies that he can easily best.
Ben wins out in the end of course, otherwise what would be the point? and credit to Alger for trying something new.