Goodreads helps you keep track of books you want to read.

Start by marking “Incarceron (Incarceron, #1)” as Want to Read:

Other editions

Enlarge cover

Rate this book

Clear rating

1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars

Open Preview

Incarceron

(Incarceron #1)

Catherine Fisher

3.64 · Rating details · 54,530 ratings · 5,254 reviews

Incarceron is a prison so vast that it contains not only cells and corridors, but metal forests, dilapidated cities, and wilderness. It has been sealed for centuries, and only one man has ever escaped. Finn has always been a prisoner here. Although he has no memory of his childhood, he is sure he came from Outside. His link to the Outside, his chance to break free, is Clau ...more

Get A Copy

Or buy for

Paperback, 442 pages

Published February 8th 2011 by Firebird (first published May 3rd 2007)

More Details... edit details

Friend Reviews

To see what your friends thought of this book, please sign up.

Reader Q&A

To ask other readers questions about Incarceron, please sign up.

Lists with This Book

Books That Are Becoming Movies & TV Shows

314 books — 675 voters

Penguin Teen's Breathless Reads!

71 books — 181 voters

More lists with this book...

Community Reviews

Showing 1-30

3.64 ·

Rating details

· 54,530 ratings · 5,254 reviews

Filter

Sort order

Jan 12, 2011 Cory rated it it was ok · review of another edition

I know many of you are staring at my two star review with amazement. I imagine you're thinking, "Cory, how could you?! This is one of the greatest steam-punk novels ever written! How can you rate it without even finishing it?"

To that, I have a simple answer: I wasn't impressed.

This book, like many fantasy novels I've ignored for the past few years, follows the Hero's Journey like a bible.

Of course we have a mystery revolving around the hero's past. Of course the hero has to be of royal blood bec ...more

flag 157 likes · Like · see review

Mar 17, 2016 Charlotte May rated it really liked it · review of another edition

Shelves: ya, favourites, dystopia, sci-fi

"Year by year Incarceron tightened its grip. It made a hell of what should have been Heaven."

Loved revisiting this world! I read this first when I was in my teens and I remember enjoying it wholeheartedly; years later and that opinion hasn't changed!

Claudia lives in a dystopian future, where there have been such advances in technology and science, but the leaders have chosen to keep the world frozen in history. They have chosen a medieval time period, and everything must be kept in 'era'.

Meanw ...more

flag 70 likes · Like · see review

Mar 26, 2010 Kat Kennedy rated it really liked it · review of another edition

Shelves: kat-s-book-reviews

I found it difficult to enjoy Incarceron at first.

You know that saying, Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it? Ya, this is Incarceron all over.

So there's two worlds in this one story. There's the "real" world and the Incarceron world.

The real world is a futuristic world with fantastical technologies - which are not used much because the King of that world decided that change was bad, progress - demeaning and invention - unsafe. So he reverted the whole world to a pre-regenc I found it difficult to enjoy Incarceron at first.

You know that saying, Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it? Ya, this is Incarceron all over.

So there's two worlds in this one story. There's the "real" world and the Incarceron world.

The real world is a futuristic world with fantastical technologies - which are not used much because the King of that world decided that change was bad, progress - demeaning and invention - unsafe. So he reverted the whole world to a pre-regency era and forced everyone to act out his weird fantasy.

Okay, first of all, this worked SO well when China did it a few hundred years ago. Yeah. They really benefited from that one. Second of all, it's not like the pre-regency era was full of ecstatically happy people either. Sad to say but the idea was just dumb. Dumb, dumb, dumb.

Then you have the Incarceron world which is basically a giant prison where people from the "real" world sent their thieves, poor people and miscreants. Okay, first of all, once again, been there, done that! I live in Australia - okay. This idea is not new! Did it make England a happier place? No. Did it mean that Australia is some demented country full of criminals and wargangs that are bloodthirsty and ruthless? Okay, totally not going to answer that...

No, Australia is great. Wonderful place and we didn't have all the technology and resources they packed into this place. I mean, seriously. HOW COULD YOU FAIL?! They stuck us on this dry, barren continent with pretty much NOTHING. Did you know that in the entire fleet that landed in Australia to settle, there was not a single farmer? There was almost no trades people, or anybody who knew ANYTHING about livestock, working the land, mining or anything. And yet, behold our success. So I want to know how these morons fucked up so bad. Really, I do.

Okay, so other than these two stupid and ridiculous premises, Incarceron is actually a pretty great book. I thought at first that all the "big surprises" were painfully easy to grasp in the first 70 pages but I was wrong. I was so wrong. I stared open-mouthed at the end of the book muttering, "Well, flippity-doo-dah-day, you got me there, Fisher!"

Characters are pretty good. The two main characters and the big "romance" aren't really that great. They're kind of average and there IS no romance. The romance is a lie. It's nothing. But the other characters are pretty entertaining and interesting.

World building is unique and fun.

Not much else to say really. It was a good read, I enjoyed it. I'll read the next one because I want to know what happens. I wouldn't say I ABSOLUTELY loved it, but it was pretty good. ...more

flag 53 likes · Like · see review

Sep 22, 2010 Mike (the Paladin) rated it it was ok · review of another edition

Shelves: ya-fantasy

I finished this book last night but waited till this morning to review it. Had I not, I suspect that the review would have been a bit more...vitriolic.

I've run on several mediocre YA novels recently and that not only disappoints me, but gives me pause. maybe I'm getting harder to please?

Having just gone through the Percy Jackson series and found it disappointing and reading a book by Tamora Pierce which I found mostly stultifyingly dull, I was rooting for this one. Unfortunately it just didn't w I finished this book last night but waited till this morning to review it. Had I not, I suspect that the review would have been a bit more...vitriolic.

I've run on several mediocre YA novels recently and that not only disappoints me, but gives me pause. maybe I'm getting harder to please?

Having just gone through the Percy Jackson series and found it disappointing and reading a book by Tamora Pierce which I found mostly stultifyingly dull, I was rooting for this one. Unfortunately it just didn't workout, at least for me. I'm a fantasy fan so, while the reality in this book requires some heavy duty suspension of belief, that's not in itself an insurmountable problem. The biggest problem(s) is/are in the story itself and the characters who populate it.

Most of the "people" here I just either couldn't care about, or I just didn't like. Finn wasn't too bad except for the failings everyone has here, but Claudia.... Claudia is petulant (yes I said petulant), willful, somewhat thoughtless and then when you roll all that up and make her thoughtlessness grow into either stupidity or foolishness it can be more than a person can bear. I know you don't ask for "reality" in a fantasy story, but there has to be a certain "reality" a form of logic within a book's own reality. Time and time again Claudia does things that had she really done them, the story would have ended early in some form of disaster for her and/or her tutor. Some times she makes an...lets be kind, an "unwise" decision, and it just sort of goes unnoticed or something, the ax never falls.

There are problems with the story telling itself also. Several times (for example) there is a tense situation, something is crashing or exploding and debris is falling all around, danger is everywhere. Or, possibly the characters are somewhere and enemies, guards etc. are closing in and something must be done! Or, their barricaded in a room and the battering ram is smashing down the door...we have to do something and do it NOW! And you'll get a line like this..."he/she stood staring off into the distance for several minutes, saying nothing". What?! Oh come on.

All in all the book escapes the one star rating as I've read worse, but I don't plan to follow the series. If you enjoyed the book I'm really happy for you, I really wanted to like the book, but it just left me cold and by a little over half way through I was simply skipping ahead... sorry.

Some of this it will be argued is simply "characteristics of a given character", but if the action continues throughout the book, thoughtless action after unwise decision it gets old, not endearing or cute or brave. I was just tired by books end. Maybe you won't see the book this way but I just didn't like it.

At this point, I have one more YA book, that I've been asked to read by someone, and then I think I may do some nonfiction only reading for a while and after that get to some of the books that I've been wanting to read for months or years that aren't for reading groups etc. The ones on my own shelves. Some adult level, non YA reading as it were. Maybe I'm just burned out. ...more

flag 42 likes · Like · see review

Aug 27, 2009 Krista (I remember you, Min) (Critical) rated it it was amazing · review of another edition

Shelves: all-time-favorites, own-ab, read-around, yst, cfmf, ya, own, favorites

Where to begin? I just loved this book so much. Reading it was like drinking a white chocolate mocha, oh so delicious.

Maybe I'm really weird, but I've always thought prisons were kind of...cool. Not the modern day kind, but the medieval types. Strange, maybe, but I just find dungeons really interesting. ANYWAY, Incarceron is the ULTIMATE prison. It's alive, and it has a perosonality, which is just so unbelievably awesome.

I must admit, the twists were very predictable, but I didn't mind, becaus Where to begin? I just loved this book so much. Reading it was like drinking a white chocolate mocha, oh so delicious.

Maybe I'm really weird, but I've always thought prisons were kind of...cool. Not the modern day kind, but the medieval types. Strange, maybe, but I just find dungeons really interesting. ANYWAY, Incarceron is the ULTIMATE prison. It's alive, and it has a perosonality, which is just so unbelievably awesome.

I must admit, the twists were very predictable, but I didn't mind, because the plot is so rich with fun and original things, from metal forests to flying ships, living, breathing storms, and interesting characters. The POV is switched mainly between Finn and Claudia, but also jumps to the secondary characters like Jared, Keiro, and Attia. I loved getting the different perspectives, especially since each of them has a very distinct personality, some so unlikable they became likable.

I guess you could say the book is pretty dark, what with chaining people up and treating them like dogs, but this darkness is overshadowed, because Finn is not alone; he has friends. At first, he questions whether or not his two companions actually care about him at all, thinking they're using him only as a means to escape the prison etc.., but over the course of the novel, as the characters grow,he realizes that they really are his friends--they may not be perfect, but they do care about him. What I can't stand is when a character has no friends. IMO, a book is only really too dark when the main character is alone. But Finn isn't alone, and there's always the hope of escape.

Action is on almost every page, and if not action, there's serious character interaction going on. Since it's hard to get a feel for how the characters really ARE on the inside, it was always so exciting hearing their conversations with each other and seeing how they helped each other in dangerous situations, because I could never be sure what was coming next, how they would react. The characters were unpredictable, but not inconsitent; they felt extremely real, and their emotions were raw. I could relate to each of them, despite their extreme differences.

Outside of the prison, we get somewhat of a breather from the non-stop intensity with Claudia, the prison warderns daughter. She wasn't unlikable, but I can't say I really loved her, either. She was real, though, which made me actually CARE what happened to her. She had good characteristics to balance out the bad ones, though. Her protectiveness of Jared, her tutor, was honest and kind of cute. I got the feeling Jared really LOVED her..LOVED her LOVED her. I know he's older than her and all, but what really annoys me is that Fisher never actually says how old he is. He could be anywhere from 20 to 40. She should have at least narrowed it down. Also, his disease? She should have explained that more, because it seems kind of random...unless it comes up in the next book. From where I stand, though, it seems kind of pointless, since the story doesn't really need anymore sadness.

The writing was smooth and not distracting...nothing remarkable, but good.

I was dragged in from the very first sentence, because I HAD to know what would happen next. Not only in relation to the plot, but in realtion to the characters. I kept thinking...Is he really as bad as he seems? Or, Is she really as nice as she seems? It was exciting...enthralling...intense...creative...and just really cool.

Plus, Fisher doesn't sugar coat things.
I've seen/read tons of characters who wake up with no memories whatsoever, and they usually act normal, just getting up and walking straight into life as if nothing is wrong. That always pissed me off. I mean...if I woke up with no memories at all?? I think I'd probably be at least a little creeped out, if not terrified. I'd be sad, at least. With Finn, finally, I get my realistic reaction. Waking up in a dark, dirty, prison cell with no memories...what do you do?? Cry yourself into a vomiting fit, yes. Get up and explore while humming a cheerful tune, no. So, thank you, Catherine Fisher, for making it realistic.

Also, if someone had their mind wiped, you'd think it would have some type of effect on their brain. With Finn, with each memory that tries to wriggle back into his mind, he suffers seizures, which ACTUALLY MAKES SENSE! OH MY GOD! Something realistic! Thank you SO MUCH.

Basically, I adore this book...I need to read it again asap.

My characters

...more

flag 35 likes · Like · see review

Dec 02, 2009 Danielle The Book Huntress (Back to the Books) rated it liked it · review of another edition

Shelves: audiobook, library-checkout, steampunk, young-adult, imprisoned-ex-convict, futuristic, royalty, apocalyptic-postapocalyptic-dystopi, the-lost-heir, science-fantasy

Disclaimer: It was hard to convey my overall views on this book. I feel like this review is very much a 'I can't put my fingers on what was wrong' type of review, so I apologize if it seems rather chaotic.

Incarceron is a book with some interesting ideas, and some intensely visual imagery. Catherine Fisher put some imagination into crafting this story, and I tip my hat to the author for that. However, my overall feeling after finishing it is disappointment. Unfortunately, there were aspects that ...more

flag 24 likes · Like · see review

Feb 08, 2010 Amelia, the pragmatic idealist rated it really liked it · review of another edition

Shelves: ya-kids-teen, series-books, dystopian, annoying-characters, point-of-view-guy

If Incarceron was a school subject, it would definitely be science. I love science, I find it fascinating, but I’m not very good at it… kind of like this reading experience!
First of all, this book is fascinating, captivating, the type of story that sticks with you to the point that you’re forgetting everything else you have to do because you’re so obsessed over what happens next! But, on the other hand, it’s really confusing, and to be honest, I had a hard time digesting all the intricacies of
If Incarceron was a school subject, it would definitely be science. I love science, I find it fascinating, but I’m not very good at it… kind of like this reading experience!
First of all, this book is fascinating, captivating, the type of story that sticks with you to the point that you’re forgetting everything else you have to do because you’re so obsessed over what happens next! But, on the other hand, it’s really confusing, and to be honest, I had a hard time digesting all the intricacies of the plot. I would respectfully point out that this book is way closer to “Science Fiction/Fantasy” than just regular Fantasy – be prepared for lots of technology and science.

Okay, so in a nutshell – how about I go ahead and set the stage for you, and maybe save your brain some racking? I have no idea if this is supposed to be Earth or if this is an entirely fictional universe, but whatever it is, it’s sometime in the future after a major war has taken place. Sounds pretty Dystopian 101, right? Well, this society decides to halt progress of any kind (technological, mostly) and return to a simpler way of life; thus the society is 18th century based, with some contraband technology thrown in (sidenote: I really, really do love this concept! I love the blending of the old with the new! COOL!) Meanwhile, the powers that be created Incarceron – an experimental “prison” that they populated with criminals, political prisoners, and all other kinds of undesirables… (I say "prison" because it's not the bars-and-cells kind that you see in Man in the Iron Mask or Count of Monte Cristo...it's more like a hellish society) One of these prisoners, a 17-year-old boy named Finn, truly believes that he does not belong in Incarceron: he is convinced that he came from Outside. When he finds a Key that allows him to communicate with a girl on the outside, Finn launches a desperate escape plot all the while attempting to unravel the secrets of his past.

From page 1, Incarceron hits the ground running! I can definitely say that there are no dull points in this riveting, action-packed story. I think, though, that the fast-paced action comes at the expense of character and story development. There’s so much action in this story, but it seems like you learn things in fragments. But hey, this book is incredibly fast-paced and so you don’t stay in the dark for long. :D

I really liked the two main characters, Finn and Claudia, and I thought that their respective storylines were pretty interesting. I loved seeing their separate lives start to blend and was definitely cheering for them the whole way! As usual, I’m divided on the supporting characters. Because there’s so much action in this 400+ book, characterization seemed to take a backseat. That’s not to say that characters weren’t developed; they just didn’t really seem explored. Incarceron seems like a very psychological novel, and I honestly could have done with more in-depth character exploration. And Finn and Keiro’s weird, warped relationship confused me – Keiro was just aggravating through and through.
So to summarize: VERY GOOD characters – they’re all interesting and useful to the plot (no “filler” characters, in other words)…SOMEWHAT LACKING on how these characters are explored and their emotional development.

Final Rating: 4.3 – in between my 4-and-4.5 star rating. I know, I can’t make up my mind! Incarceron is an awesome plot with great characters, but it could have been better explained and explored.
...more

flag 24 likes · Like · see review

Sep 28, 2010 Tatiana rated it did not like it · review of another edition

Shelves: abandoned, ya, dystopias-post-apocalyptic, fantasy

Abandoned at about page 90.

Reasons: general disinterest in the story, the fantasy world and the characters' fates; unappealing writing style; strong suspicions that Finn is the "dead" prince; painful flashbacks of The Maze Runner, Matrix, Robocop and some apocalyptic B-grade movies whose names I can't recall.

Lessons learned: science fantasy might not be my cup of tea.

flag 23 likes · Like · see review

Aug 06, 2013 Megan Baxter rated it liked it · review of another edition

How many different forms of imprisonment are there? How irrevocable are they? What does living in that kind of prison do?

I admire Incarceron for trying something that felt a bit new, and I generally enjoyed the story. I'm not sure I'd go back to reread it, though, so that's my personal line for a four-star book. But although this is a three-star review, it's worth checking out.

Note: The rest of this review has been withdrawn due to the changes in Goodreads policy and enforcement. You can read wh ...more

flag 22 likes · Like · see review

Feb 05, 2019 Serap S.D. rated it it was amazing · review of another edition

Seriyi bitirdim ve kısa bir not düşeyim istedim:askin a si yok bu kitap icin bence gerek yoktu zaten ama bilerek ask beklemeden okuyun😉bilimkurgu agirlikli bir distopya,biraz fantastik öğeler de var biraz saray entrikalarıda...bilimkurgu ve distopya sevmiyorsanız delisacmasi gelebilir tavsiye etmiyorum ama benim gibi seviyorsanız sonu çok doyurucu olmasada okuyun derim.
4,5 tan 5...kararsızım 4de de inebilir...waww çok harika ,mükemmel diyemiyorum ama ben cok sevdim.ilginç ve yaratıcıydi , sıkılm ...more

flag 19 likes · Like · see review

Mar 12, 2008 R.J. rated it it was amazing · review of another edition

Recommends it for: SF&F fans, young adults, lovers of adventure and complex, multilayered plots and characters

I love this book with a mad passion. I could hardly even tell you why, except that the concept of the living and sentient prison that's a whole world in itself is amazing, and the blend of the fantastical/fairy tale/historical and the high-tech aspects of Claudia's world fascinated me, and the Warden reminds me of Jack Bristow from Alias with his grim aspect and habit of keeping dark secrets mingled with a fierce (if sometimes oddly expressed) love of his daughter, and Jared is GUH and Jared/Cla ...more

flag 18 likes · Like · see review

Nov 21, 2014 Nikoleta rated it really liked it · review of another edition

Shelves: fantasy, dystopia

Αυτός ο κόσμος μου άρεσε πολύ. Όλοι οι ήρωες, μαζί και οι δευτερεύοντες, μου φάνηκαν πολύ ενδιαφέροντες και καλοφτιαγμένοι, μου άρεσαν. Αυτό όμως που με ενθουσίασε ήταν ο κόσμος, τον βρήκα πολύ πρωτότυπο και φυσικά πρώτη φορά διάβασα σε ένα βιβλίο να έχουν ενσωματώσει τόσο πολύ, τη steampunk κουλτούρα την οποία λατρεύω. Τέλος, διάβασα πολλές κριτικές που το βρήκαν βαρετό και "μια από τα ίδια" δεν έχω ιδέα γιατί, είχε δράση πάρα πολύ περιπέτεια και μια φοβερή, φυλακή με νοημοσύνη που δεν έχει σκο ...more

flag 18 likes · Like · see review

Oct 11, 2013 Cillian rated it it was amazing · review of another edition

Shelves: we-has-it, dear-most-dear-books, sorcery-witches-magic-etc, ya, assorted-creatures, why-so-serious, underrated-catherine, rereads-love-at-second-sight, in-the-middle-of-nowhere, 2017-favorites

I have a good feeling about rereading this; it'll be even better than the first time. Although, my first read was pretty awesome: it gave me nightmares and all. Not the type of nightmare that will have you waking up screaming, or soaking your bed sheets with sweat, but more like an annoying dream.
I dreamed I was in Incarceron and I had to pee really, really bad; but the prison kept shifting and I couldn't find a bathroom.
If I dream of Incarceron again, it better have a bathroom close by so I ca ...more

flag 16 likes · Like · see review

Jul 01, 2010 Trin rated it did not like it · review of another edition

Shelves: english-lit, fantasy, ya, amnesia, 2000s

Basically, it's Escape From New York, except with fantasy instead of post-apocalyptic trappings. The characters are stock, and the action is propelled along by a lack of information and dull action setpieces that transpire without any real sense of excitement or danger. I never got a visceral—or even bare-bones visual—sense of what the living/mechanical/whatever prison of Incarceron is supposed to be like. And, as with far too many YA/fantasy/sci-fi/action/adventure books I've struggled through, ...more

flag 14 likes · Like · see review

Dec 06, 2015 Colleen Houck added it · review of another edition

Shelves: another-world, historical, royalty, steampunk, tech-gadgets, prison-prisoner

I really like the idea of a sentient prison. The mystery of Claudia and her relationship with her father is something my mind worked on through the entire book. Claudia's tutor was my favorite character.

flag 14 likes · Like · see review

Dec 23, 2011 Luz Balthasaar rated it liked it · review of another edition

Shelves: harusnya-keren-tapi-nanggung, agak-facepalm

Selesai baca ini, saia speechless.

Tapi ini bukan jenis speechless "ZOMG its So COoLZ LIke Tah Best ThinG EVAARRRR!!!" yang saia harapkan. Ini lebih seperti jenis speechless yang, "Idenya keren banget... tapi kok ide sekeren itu cuma jadi kayak... gini? O_O

Betapa saia benci jika ide yang seharusnya pure awesome dieksekusi menjadi sesuatu yang gak awesome.

Bayangin deh. Idenya tentang sebuah penjara yang hidup, yang merupakan dunia/ekosistem tersendiri. Gilanya lagi, ekosistem penjara ini punya kes ...more

flag 13 likes · Like · see review

May 09, 2017 Rusty's Ghost Engine (also known as.......... Jinky Spring) rated it did not like it · review of another edition

Shelves: confusing-piece-of-shit, apocalyptic, f-a-i-l, fantasy-or-paranormal, sci-fi-or-dystopia, that-don-t-impress-me-much, why-do-people-like-this-shit

I'm finished. Done. Turned the last page.

And I'm so glad.

What a royal waste of time it would have been better spent sleeping cos yup this book was as boring as watching paint dry lol.

For a long time I've been excited about the premise of this book and ordered it from my library being very excited to read it. While it did start off promising with the promise of shocking revelations to come, the book soon went down and by the end it fell flat on its face.

Okay the characters. Finn had so much pot ...more

flag 16 likes · Like · see review

Jun 24, 2017 Siv30 rated it it was amazing · review of another edition

Shelves: dystopia, sf-and-fantasy, young-adults, incarceron

אינקרסרון הוא עולם הכלא שאליו נשלחו לפני אלפי שנים הפושעים והעניים כדי לנקות את העולם מתחלואיו ולאפשר לאוכלוסיה הזו להקים עולם מקביל טוב יותר. הוא תוכנן במימד זמן אחר, כך שלא יהיה ניתן לצאת ממנו ואליו נשלחו 70 ספייאנטי - מורים חכמים, מדענים- שיסייעו לחנך וללמד את האוכלוסיה כך שהמקום יהפוך לגן עדן. אבל אלפי שנים דירדרו את האוכלוסיה והכלא , ישות תבונית ולומדת בעצמה, הפך לגיהנום ממנום מבקשים 4 אנשים לברוח: פין הרואה בכוכבים, בעל חזיונות שאין לאו עבר אבל הוא זוכר עולם אחר עם ריחות אחרים. קיירו ילד ש אינקרסרון הוא עולם הכלא שאליו נשלחו לפני אלפי שנים הפושעים והעניים כדי לנקות את העולם מתחלואיו ולאפשר לאוכלוסיה הזו להקים עולם מקביל טוב יותר. הוא תוכנן במימד זמן אחר, כך שלא יהיה ניתן לצאת ממנו ואליו נשלחו 70 ספייאנטי - מורים חכמים, מדענים- שיסייעו לחנך וללמד את האוכלוסיה כך שהמקום יהפוך לגן עדן. אבל אלפי שנים דירדרו את האוכלוסיה והכלא , ישות תבונית ולומדת בעצמה, הפך לגיהנום ממנום מבקשים 4 אנשים לברוח: פין הרואה בכוכבים, בעל חזיונות שאין לאו עבר אבל הוא זוכר עולם אחר עם ריחות אחרים. קיירו ילד של הכלא שנולד בכלא וגדל בו כדי להצטרף לחבורת שודדים רוצחים. אטיאה, שהיתה כלבת אדם של מנהיג החבורה ואטיאס הספיינט הזקן.

רק אדם אחד הצליח לצאת מהכלא - סאפיק והוא לא חזר להציל את האנשים בעולם הכלא. הסיפורים עליו הן אגדות שבעקבותיהן החבורה הולכת.

החבורה, מוצאת מפתח בדולח מיוחד בזכות פשיטה שערכו על קבוצת אזרחים. המפתח מאפשר להם לתקשר עם בתו של הסוהר, קלאודיה, שנועדה להינשא לנסיך הכתר הנעלם, ג'יילס ולאחר שמת לאחיו קספר. קלאודיה חייה בעולם בחוץ, עולם שתקוע במאה ה - 17 ובו אסורה טכנולוגיה כי קיימים כללי התקופה הנאכפים ע"י שושלת הבראנה.

מהרגע שקלאודיה רואה את פין, היא מאמינה שהוא הנסיך האבוד והיא מנסה להציל אותו בכל דרך. היא כלואה בתוך המוסכמות החברתיות והכללים המצופים ממנה והיא עושה מאמץ לשבור אותם. היא נעזרת בג'רארד הספייאנט האישי שלה כדי לפענח את צפונות המפתח ולנסות לאתר את הדרך להציל את פין.

במסע מסתברים גילויים מרעישים על הכלא, על ישותו שהתפתחה עם השנים. על קלאודיה ומוצאה ועל חברות ונאמנות.
הספר מתחיל איטי עם תמונות מחייו של פין בקבוצת השודדים הרוצחים ומתקדם במקביל בהכנות לחתונה של קלאודיה עם קספר ועם המסע של חבורתו של פין. תככים מזימות, ואירוע רודף אירוע עד שלקראת סוף הספר הקצב ממש עוצר נשימה.
ספר פנטזיה מצויין על הכלא שבעולם הזה והכלא בעולם החדש שנברא ומסתבר שאנחנו אף פעם לא יכולים באמת לברוח מהכלא של האנושות.
כתיבה משובחת בעולם שבנתה הסופרת בצורה מושלמת. ...more

flag 12 likes · Like · see review

Aug 05, 2010 Megan rated it did not like it · review of another edition

Shelves: did-not-finish, not-mine-library, young-adult, dystopian

Sadly, I was unable to really get into Incarceron, let alone finish it. (Gave up on page 221) The main problem with the story was believability. Incarceron is a self-sustaining prison experiment that is in a secret location and sealed off from the rest of the world. Presumably the prison holds the normal thugs, rapists and thieves. But it also holds political dissenters and volunteers. Volunteers to…. Well this, like many other things, was never actually explained. The idea is interesting, but I Sadly, I was unable to really get into Incarceron, let alone finish it. (Gave up on page 221) The main problem with the story was believability. Incarceron is a self-sustaining prison experiment that is in a secret location and sealed off from the rest of the world. Presumably the prison holds the normal thugs, rapists and thieves. But it also holds political dissenters and volunteers. Volunteers to…. Well this, like many other things, was never actually explained. The idea is interesting, but I have a hard time accepting the fact that any society would put so much effort into a prison if those sent to it are never meant to be released to normal society again. I mean, why not just kill them? Or ship them off to an island? What is the purpose of the experiment and why is it necessary for regular citizens to volunteer to enter Incarceron as well? Granted, the story is built on mystery but really crazy ideas have to have a grain of possibility to be enjoyable, and this one just never sold me on the idea.

Regarding the mystery, neither the characters nor the reader fully knew what was going on. But at some point, something’s gotta give. Many reviews praise this novel for being so intense. Which, indeed it is. It is comprised of very short segments alternating between Finn’s gritty Incarceron existence and Claudia’s privileged life filled with spies, lies and fake pleasantries. Both Finn and Claudia happen to be experiencing an incredibly tumultuous time and that does make for powerful reading. Sort of like literary caffeine. However, behind all of the thrilling passages, there wasn’t much substance to support the story.

Finally, I was not captivated by Claudia or Finn. Both of them are good people caught up in a bad circumstance. Both of them have the inner fortitude and strength to stand up for what is good and do the right thing… *yawn*. Aside from their intentions we never really learn who they are as people, and I had a hard time giving a crap about either one of them.

So.... unbelievable plot + underdeveloped characters + mystery for the sake of mystery = a book I'm not gonna finish. Sorry. ...more

flag 11 likes · Like · see review

Feb 09, 2011 Seth T. rated it liked it · review of another edition

This prison is alive.

That pretty much sums up Incarceron's selling point. It's probably even a better marketing line than the book's actual hook, "a prison like no other"—which could really mean just about anything, from a prison made of pineapples and everything-bagels to a prison in which the cells are made of popular song lyrics to a prison that is an exact replica of the First Continental Congress. At least with "This prison is alive," you have a pretty good idea of what's special about the ...more

flag 11 likes · Like · see review

Sep 05, 2016 Ashley Daviau rated it really liked it

Although I found this book a bit slow to start, I did end up thoroughly enjoying it! I thought the world building was truly great and loved the world that the author created. And the concept of the prison being alive really intrigued me as I haven't read anything quite like it before. I also very much enjoyed that it was a fantasy/steam punk novel, I rarely come across them and I do so enjoy them! The story took many twists and turns and kept me guessing as to what would happen next. And then th ...more

flag 13 likes · Like · see review

Aug 20, 2009 Jennifer Wardrip rated it really liked it · review of another edition

Shelves: trt-posted-reviews, read-by-other-reviewers

Reviewed by Amber Gibson for TeensReadToo.com

Above all, Time is forbidden. From now on nothing will change.

After the Years of Rage, King Endor's Decree bans progress, pausing the world in an old-fashioned era of medieval dress and travel by horse-drawn carriage. Though advanced technology exists, it is expressly forbidden, and everyone must abide to Protocol.

Incarceron is an exception to this rule. A prison that some are born into and that nobody ever escapes, Incarceron is not a building, but a Reviewed by Amber Gibson for TeensReadToo.com

Above all, Time is forbidden. From now on nothing will change.

After the Years of Rage, King Endor's Decree bans progress, pausing the world in an old-fashioned era of medieval dress and travel by horse-drawn carriage. Though advanced technology exists, it is expressly forbidden, and everyone must abide to Protocol.

Incarceron is an exception to this rule. A prison that some are born into and that nobody ever escapes, Incarceron is not a building, but an entire underground network of cities and wilderness entrapping prisoners in its vastness. Most prisoners have never seen the Outside and can only imagine what the stars and sky might be like. Surely more spectacular than Incarceron's Lightson and Lightsoff.

Finn believes that he came from Outside. Though he cannot remember a previous life, his mysterious seizures and visions hint that he was not always an Incarceron captive. When he discovers a mystical crystal key through a tragic turn of events, he just knows that the key will lead them to Escape from the treacherous clutches of Incarceron once and for all.

A duplicate of the key that Finn found belongs to the Warden of Incarceron. He lives on the Outside and is thrilled that his daughter, Claudia, is about to wed Caspar, heir to the throne. After years of scheming and social climbing, he will finally have the power that he craves.

Claudia, while groomed since birth to be a queen, is not merely her father's puppet. With a mind of her own, and no intention to marry the arrogant Caspar, Claudia pines for the one to whom she was first betrothed - Giles. Giles was the prince and heir to the throne before his unexpected death while riding alone. An investigation was never officially undertaken, but Claudia has always suspected that the new queen, Sia, played a role in Giles' death so that her son, Caspar, could ascend to the throne.

Refusing to be pawns in a royal power struggle, both Claudia and Finn are determined to uncover Incarceron's secrets. What they don't count on, though, is that Incarceron is not just a prison. Incarceron is alive.

Catherine Fisher creates a fantasy world unlike any other, playing upon classic themes of courage, justice, and truth to weave a page-turning adventure tale. INCARCERON reminds me strongly of Orwell's 1984 with a fantastical twist. Fisher's plot twists are clever and her ambiguous ending leaves the reader craving more. Look for the sequel, SAPPHIQUE, soon. ...more

flag 10 likes · Like · see review

Mar 30, 2010 Bry rated it really liked it · review of another edition

Shelves: 2010, dystopian, young-adult, fantasy

Wow this book is one hell of a ride. Non stop intensity, suspense, and action. Frankly, not only is it a great book it would be an awesome movie. This craziness made for a great twisted plot but did leave a bit to be desired when it came to characterization.

This book is about a melding of 2 worlds. Finn from the prison Incarceron, and Claudia from 'Outside' who also happens to be the daughter of the Warden of Incarceron come into contact through a communication device in the shape of a crystal ...more

flag 10 likes · Like · see review

Apr 14, 2014 Crystal Starr Light rated it liked it · review of another edition

Shelves: 2014-owned-challenge, dystopia, science-fiction, audiobook, young-adult, dnf, big-heap-of-meh, it-s-not-you-it-s-me, so-boring-it-s-boring

Bullet Review:

If there is one thing I've learned over the years, it's that life is too short to spend on books and things that you aren't enjoying.

DNF @ 19%.

Some people will love "Incarceron". Hell, lots of my friends already do. And I can understand why - it's a pretty unique concept and (so far) doesn't rely 100% on insta-love, romantic plot triangles, and stupid characters. And for people who love steampunk, there's that as well.

But, it really doesn't have the things I like to read in a book. ...more

flag 10 likes · Like · see review

Jan 30, 2011 TheBookSmugglers rated it really liked it · review of another edition

Shelves: best-of-2010, women-in-scifi-fantasy-ya-and-mg

Original Review HERE

Incarceron is a vast, encompassing prison. Instead of steel bars and cell blocks, however, Incarceron is a world in itself; it is a metal world where nothing is created nor wasted, where stars and sky are near forgotten fairy tales, where all live in a cutthroat world, fighting for food and survival. Even more than that, Incarceron is alive – it observes everything that goes on within its walls, it’s red seeing eye omnipresent to the mortals within. Incarceron is all they hav Original Review HERE

Incarceron is a vast, encompassing prison. Instead of steel bars and cell blocks, however, Incarceron is a world in itself; it is a metal world where nothing is created nor wasted, where stars and sky are near forgotten fairy tales, where all live in a cutthroat world, fighting for food and survival. Even more than that, Incarceron is alive – it observes everything that goes on within its walls, it’s red seeing eye omnipresent to the mortals within. Incarceron is all they have ever known – although there is a myth about one man, a prophet named Sapphique, that was the only one able to escape to the mysterious outside.

Finn is a child of Incarceron, remembering only when he woke up in a dark, squalid cell two years ago, mad with fear and lost memories. Now seventeen, Finn has been forced by circumstance to join a crew of “Scum” – that is, ruthless thieves and bandits, that call themselves the Comitatus. One day, Finn makes a shocking discovery – a crystal key, whose design matches the tattoo on Finn’s wrist. The key, which Finn and those around him believe could be the way out of Incarceron, also turns out to be a communication device, and Finn finds himself able to speak to a mysterious girl, named Claudia.

On the outside of Incarceron, Claudia is the daughter of the Incarceron’s Warden, and set to marry the prince of the realm. Frustrated with her bleak future and the cutthroat political games in which she finds herself ensnared, Claudia is determined to prove that the monarchy is corrupt, and to find a way to instigate change in the static, innovation-fearing kingdom – and the way she plans to do this, is to discover Incarceron’s secrets. When she finds a crystal key in her father’s study, she finds a link to a world that is nothing like the ideal utopia that Incarceron was supposed to be – and she and Finn must work together to bring him out of Incarceron, and into the “real” world.

And with Incarceron itself watching, waiting, and toying with its inhabitants, Claudia and Finn’s task is no small feat.

Incarceron is an amazing feat of a novel from author Catherine Fisher. The book, actually initially published in the UK back in 2007, is part dystopian critique, part science fiction parable, part fantasy. This is not an easy blend to pull together, but Ms. Fisher does it with aplomb. Her world building in particular is PHENOMENAL. I loved the oddity of advanced technology in a royalty-imposed archaic time period – the monarchs and nobles emulate the late medieval western model of courts, down to the dress, castles and mannerisms. But this is not a medieval society! Claudia’s world has incredibly advanced technology, from “skin wands” to give humans the permanent appearance of youth to programable holograms, to artificial intelligence and reality-shifting tools. Despite this technology, however, those in power have resisted any change, abandoning their advanced tools in order to embrace the ways of old, in an attempt to control the population – which rings as very familiar. There’s also Incarceron itself, which is a whole new world on its own. Initially an experiment to create a perfect world for the unruly masses, of course went wrong. The concept of a utopia that is actually a dystopia isn’t really a new one, but this Ms. Fisher writes it so well, and with such awesome variation within Incarceron itself, of A.I. gone horribly awry, it hardly matters.

In terms of plotting, Incarceron is also surefooted, as it packs in revelation upon revelation, surprises, and twists at an expert pace. I could not put Incarceron down – Ms. Fisher is one hell of a storyteller.

Finally, what is a book without its characters? The cast of this novel is similarly well-rounded, though at first glance, they are very standard, fantasy archetypes. There’s the rebellious, intelligent (and beautiful) future queen; the orphaned boy thief with a heart of gold and a destiny to save the land; the calm, wise teacher; the jealous, handsome, morally-ambiguous best friend; the ragamuffin tag along girl; the zealous, prophecy-driven priest; the power-usurping, beautifully cruel queen; etc. These are very familiar character molds, no doubt about it – but as Incarceron progresses, the characters are shown in different ways. Not one thing is exactly how it seems, and that goes for characters as well. In particular, I loved the character of Claudia’s father – the cold, immutable, powerful Warden of Incarceron, Lord John Arlex. I loved the insights to his character throughout the book, especially in his strained relationship with Claudia’s tutor, Jared, and the Warden’s terrified – yet defiant – daughter, Claudia. (There’s one particular scene near the end of the book between these three characters that is made of mind-blowing awesomeness.)

So far as protagonists go, Claudia is as plucky as they come, but it is Finn that captures hearts with his vision, his trusting friendships, and his courage. The other character I truly enjoyed is the morally ambiguous Keiro – handsome and power-hungry, different characters have different interpretations of Keiro. Finn, as his oath-brother, is tied to Keiro by an unbreakable bond – should one of them die, it is the other’s responsibility to avenge them at any cost. And, as a loyal friend, Finn knows Keiro’s flaws, his hunger for power, his recklessness, but he also believes that underneath it all, Keiro would do anything for Finn. Other characters, however, are not so generous, as Keiro is seen as a rogue, out only to use Finn to get him out of Incarceron, no matter the cost. In any case, Keiro is a character that isn’t easy to peg, and I’m excited to see what happens with him in the next book.

With its breathtaking world-building, admirable characters, and exceptional plotting, Incarceron is a dystopian, sci-fi gem. I loved it, and I cannot wait for the next book in the series, Sapphique! ...more

flag 9 likes · Like · see review

Sep 22, 2010 Lisa rated it liked it · review of another edition

I wish I could give half-stars, because this is really 3 1/2.

I thought the ideas in this book were rich and innovative, and the plot twists near the end were what made me round the rating up to 4 stars instead of rounding down. I definitely want to read the sequel to find out where this story goes. (Update: I recently moved my rating down to 3 stars because as time has gone by I stopped caring about reading the sequel! Just didn't resonate with me, I guess.)

The big negative for me was that this ...more

flag 8 likes · Like · see review

Apr 21, 2010 Jessica rated it really liked it · review of another edition

Shelves: fantasy, youngadult

So, a couple of my friends have RAVED about this book, so I thought I'd give it a try. First couple of pages, "La La La, this seems all right, don't know what the fuss is a- WHAT THE?!"

This was a wild and crazy book. Tense. Intricate. Claustrophobic. (So very, VERY claustrophobic.) Basically, in a future where even the moon shows the scars from many wars, peace has been made by taking all the unsavory elements and putting them into a giant, sentient prison. On the outside, people live in a semb ...more

flag 8 likes · Like · see review

Feb 22, 2012 Rebekah rated it liked it · review of another edition

Wow! It was VERY imaginative! It took me a little bit to figure out what the heck was going on. But then I got into it. It was a bit long but fun.

flag 8 likes · Like · see review

Jan 07, 2017 Nhi Nguyễn rated it really liked it · review of another edition

Shelves: favorites, paranormal-fantasy, young-adult

Chào mừng đến với Incarceron, chốn Ngục tù, nơi được gọi là Bên Trong. Ở nơi đó, có chàng trai Finn bị mất hết trí nhớ, nhưng luôn chắc chắn mình đến từ Bên Ngoài - một thế giới nơi đầu óc cậu chỉ còn lưu giữ được những ký ức lờ mờ của mùi vị và hình ảnh ngày sinh nhật khi cậu còn nhỏ. Ngục tù là một nơi bao la, dường như không hề có giới hạn, một phạm vi chứa trọn các xà lim, dãy hành lang, cánh rừng, thành phố và vùng biển. Ngục tù có sự sống, có ý thức, với muôn ngàn Con Mắt luôn dõi theo nhữ Chào mừng đến với Incarceron, chốn Ngục tù, nơi được gọi là Bên Trong. Ở nơi đó, có chàng trai Finn bị mất hết trí nhớ, nhưng luôn chắc chắn mình đến từ Bên Ngoài - một thế giới nơi đầu óc cậu chỉ còn lưu giữ được những ký ức lờ mờ của mùi vị và hình ảnh ngày sinh nhật khi cậu còn nhỏ. Ngục tù là một nơi bao la, dường như không hề có giới hạn, một phạm vi chứa trọn các xà lim, dãy hành lang, cánh rừng, thành phố và vùng biển. Ngục tù có sự sống, có ý thức, với muôn ngàn Con Mắt luôn dõi theo những đứa con của nó, tái tạo sự sống từ những tù nhân đã chết, từ những kẻ đã nằm lại và không bao giờ Trốn thoát được. Finn muốn trốn thoát, và cùng với người anh em kết nghĩa Keiro, Thầy Thông Thái Gildas và cô bé nắm giữ nhiều bí mật Attia, cậu đã vượt qua muôn trùng khó khăn để có thể thực hiện kế hoạch Trốn thoát của mình.

Đối lập với Bên Trong là Bên Ngoài, nơi thời gian không được phép tồn tại, nơi được vận hành bởi máy tính nhưng cuộc sống lại như thời thế kỷ mười bảy, với Nữ Hoàng Sia tàn bạo trị vì - người được cho là đã thực hiện kế hoạch ám sát người con riêng của chồng là Hoàng tử Giles để dọn đường cho con trai mình là Caspar lên ngôi. Claudia là con gái của Quan Thống Đốc - người canh giữ lối vào của Incarceron. Claudia đã từng được hứa hôn với Giles, để rồi khi Giles được tuyên bố là đã chết, hôn sự của của được chuyển sang cho Caspar. Gần đến ngày cưới, Claudia phát hiện ra nhiều thông tin về một âm mưu ám sát Hoàng tử Giles - người mà cô thích, và chắc chắn là sẽ vui vẻ bằng lòng làm vợ anh nếu như anh không được tuyên bố là qua đời.

Khi cả Finn và Claudia, mỗi người đều tìm thấy một chiếc chìa khóa bằng pha lê với biểu tượng con đại bàng đeo vương miện, họ bắt đầu giao tiếp với nhau thông qua vật nhỏ bé nhưng hữu dụng đó. Claudia tin rằng Finn chính là Hoàng tử Giles, là chủ nhân thực sự của ngai vàng, với những ký ức dần dần trở nên sống động về ngày sinh nhật năm anh 7 tuổi. Và Claudia quyết tâm bằng mọi cách phải giải cứu cho được Finn ra khỏi Incarceron, thậm chí có phải phá hủy toàn bộ lễ cưới của cô và khiến cha cô bị nghi ngờ là tên tạo phản.

Song hành với quá trình nghiên cứu của Claudia cùng Thầy Thông Thái của cô là Jared về những cách để đột nhập vào Incarceron là những sự thật được phơi bày mà không ai ngờ tới - sự thật về bản chất của Incarceron, cùng thân thế thật của Claudia. Và còn danh tính của Sapphique - người duy nhất bước vào Ngục tù và thoát ra được... Nói chung là khá hấp dẫn và hồi hộp ở những chương cuối cùng, hứa hẹn một phần 2 "Sapphique" nghẹt thở và cũng là đoạn kết cho series chỉ gồm 2 tập.

P.S.: Lên mạng tìm hiểu mới biết cuốn này đã từng có tin sắp được dựng phim từ hồi năm... 2010, với vai chính Finn được hứa hẹn giao cho Taylor Lautner - chàng người sói Jacob Black trong series "Twilight". Mòn mỏi từ đó tới bây giờ đã là năm 2017 nhưng vẫn chưa thấy phim đâu... Chắc là dự án đã chìm xuồng hic hic... ...more

flag 7 likes · Like · see review

Nov 21, 2009 oliviasbooks rated it really liked it · review of another edition

Shelves: young-adult-fiction, scifi-dystopian-apocalyptic, steampunk, other-creatures, swapped-or-given-away, read-2010, multiple-povs-letters, cliffhanger

The prison Incarceron reminds me a lot of HAL, the space ship's board computer of Kubrick's "Space Odyssey": Both are fitted out with artificial intelligence and go rogue.

Incarceron takes place in the future. 160 years ago a king decided that cutting off mankind from its strive after one technological improvement after the next would end greed, war and the slow crumbling of society. So he forbid time and progress and switched everything back to an era long passed: An age, when people traveled o The prison Incarceron reminds me a lot of HAL, the space ship's board computer of Kubrick's "Space Odyssey": Both are fitted out with artificial intelligence and go rogue.

Incarceron takes place in the future. 160 years ago a king decided that cutting off mankind from its strive after one technological improvement after the next would end greed, war and the slow crumbling of society. So he forbid time and progress and switched everything back to an era long passed: An age, when people traveled on horseback and did without electricity. But the same new old era also contains computer generated old-looking trees and fake spiderwebs - and rich people have found ways to hide electric cables in the staff rooms and lush bathrooms behind secret panels. Following the so-called "Protocol" completely is only obligatory if you are lower class.

A second step towards a violence and crime-free world was the construction of the self-regulating, autonomous prison Incarceron, where all criminal, dangerous, politically extreme and mentally ill people were sent off to - together with 70 volunteers to guard them. The fact that after closing the doors nobody could enter and nobody could leave played into the hands of Incarceron itself: Nobody could hinder it to turn the planned paradise into a hell serving it's own strange taste in amusement. Not even the learned volunteers.

In the real world nobody knows about the unpleasant development of the former experiment. Nobody but the Warden, who has got the only key to the prison.

The story follows Claudia, the present Warden's daughter, who has been promised to the unfit Crown Prince to be his future bride, on the "Outside" and gang member Finn, who woke up inside the prison at the age of fifteen without a proper memory, on the "Inside". He claims not to be one of the prison's recycled products, but to be imported from the real world - where he wants to return to.

Also lined up are a handful of interesting side-characters including Claudia's tutor Jared, the ice-cold and scheming Warden and the evil Queen on the one side, and Keiro, Finn's oathbrother and two other travel-mates (Gildas and Attia) on the other side.

The story kept my attention all of the time. I liked Finn a lot and Claudia a little less. In fact, she was sometimes quite annoying, which can be explained by her upbringing as the next puppet on the throne. But I always wanted to know what happened next - even to her.

The plot ends with a cliff-hanger. But the sequel Sapphique is already available. ...more

flag 7 likes · Like · see review

« previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 … next »

new topic
Discuss This Book

topics	posts	views	last activity
Kids/Teens Book Club: Who's reading Incarceron?	3	10	Jul 06, 2017 09:42AM
HMSA Summer Reading: Incarceron Book Reviews	1	1	May 18, 2017 10:42PM
#DTReadAlong: Past Book: Incarceron by Catherine Fisher	2	2	Apr 15, 2017 09:50AM
SQHS Sci-Fi/Fanta...: Incarceron by Catherine Fisher	2	6	Mar 31, 2017 11:34AM
Incarceron - Catherine Fisher	1	5	Mar 13, 2017 02:08PM
YA Buddy Readers'...: Incarceron (Incarceron #1) by Catherine Fisher - Restarting May 11th 2016	35	49	May 31, 2016 01:49AM
Crazy for Young A...: Incarceron by Catherine Fisher → Start Date: January 8th, 2016	27	29	May 25, 2016 08:31PM

Readers Also Enjoyed

Videos About This Book

6 comments

Genres

Fantasy

1,909 users

Young Adult

1,766 users

Science Fiction > Dystopia

815 users

Science Fiction

609 users

See top shelves…

About Catherine Fisher

Catherine Fisher

1,452 followers

Catherine Fisher was born in Newport, Wales. She graduated from the University of Wales with a degree in English and a fascination for myth and history. She has worked in education and archaeology and as a lecturer in creative writing at the University of Glamorgan. She is a Fellow of the Welsh Academy.

Catherine is an acclaimed poet and novelist, regularly lecturing and giving readings to groups o ...more