Randolph Caldecott (1846-1886) was a British artist, born in Chester. He was the eponym of the Caldecott Medal and transformed the world of children’s books in the Victorian era. He exercised his art chiefly in book illustrations, which were full of life, and instinct with a kindly, graceful humour. The stories and rhymes were all of his choosing and in some cases were written or added to by himself. Caldecott’s output, however, ranged wider than he illustrated novels and accounts of foreign travel; he made humourous drawings depicting hunting and fashionable life; he drew cartoons and he made sketches of the famous Parliament inside and out; he also exhibited sculptures and paintings in oil and watercolour in the Royal Academy and galleries.
Known chiefly for his book illustrations, Caldecott was a gifted artist respected by his contemporaries. The Caldecott Medal which is given out each year for the most distinguished children's picture book is named for him.
In 1877, Edmund Evans, who was a leading colour printer asked Caldecott for illustrations for two Christmas books. The results were The House that Jack Built and The Diverting History of John Gilpin, published in 1878.
It was Caldecott's health among other things which prompted his many winter trips to the Mediterranean and other warm climates. It was on such a tour in 1886 that he was taken ill again and died in St. Augustine, Florida, just before his 40th birthday.