Scientists do know the smallest unit of magnetism is the spinning electron and they also know it is the spin of the electron that causes magnetism.

Some scientists see this spin also gives the binding energy for sigma and pi chemical bonding but most scientists are still unaware of this. Ampere's Laws immediately show this!

Scientists refuse to use Ampere's Laws that show there will be no space (attractive binding) created between the closest sides of all Spinning, Scalar, Standing Wave Resonances, moving the same direction on parallel paths at the same frequency, no matter how distant they are from each other.

Scientists don't see that it is the quark spin, much like the electron spin, that gives us the strong force between all the really close quarks; gravity between the next nearest quarks and inertia between all quarks and the most distant quarks in the far distant stars.

From this it is apparent why we have Mach's Principle.

These attractive binding forces, of both electron to electron and quark to quark, do not dissipate with distance, in the macrocosm but electron binding force extends only to the Hubble limit. We do not yet know the extent of the quark binding force.

The number of units that bind together is what falls off with the square of the distance, in the macrocosm. This is why gravity falls off with the square of the distance in the macrocosm.

Use Ampere's Laws http://www.rbduncan.com/Ampere (link) to see how important spin is both in the microcosm and in the macrocosm as well.

It's the spin, of these scalar wave resonances, that creates space. Or to be more exact, it's the out of phase relationship between these spin frequencies that determine space.

We detect much like a superheterodyne radio circuit detects. We have electrons inside ourselves that are like the oscillator in a superheterodyne receiver. The only thing that we can detect are frequencies close to our own oscillator frequency.

We detect things that are more out of phase with our own electron spin frequencies as being further away from us in space.

We detect things more out of phase with the main frequency of our own electrons as being further away from us in time.

I'm afraid that this is what scientists don't see. And it is so terribly important too.

All Spinning, Scalar, Standing Wave Resonances have a form of gyroscopic behavior.

And it is this phase relationship pointed out to us by Ampere's Laws plus the 90 degree gyroscopic reaction of each SSSWR to their nearest neighbor that give us this repulsive force that balances out and keeps every unit at a safe distance away from each similar unit.

Look closely using Ampere's Laws and you will see this is the reason all these spinning entities repel in the microcosm as well as in the macrocosm.

And we can travel back in time again to 1915 when all of us, including Einstein, thought we were in a steady state universe.

We do not have an expanding universe but only an apparent accelerating, expanding universe because the Principle of Equivalence tells us: with that repulsive force of Einstein's, out there, between all the stars and galaxies that we can not discern Einstein's repulsive force, out there, from an accelerating, expanding universe.

For Chapter 6. click this link: http://www.goodreads.com/story/show/6491?chapter=6