Lena's Reviews > Hippocrates' Shadow: What Doctors Don't Know, Don't Tell You, and How Truth Can Repair the Patient-Doctor Breach

Hippocrates' Shadow by David H Newman

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220791
's review
Dec 26, 08

bookshelves: non-fiction, medical
Recommended for: anyone with a body

I hadn't expected a book examining problems with modern medicine to be such a page-turner, but the author lived up to his promise to reveal "secrets from the house of medicine," and some of them are doozies.

David Newman is a specialist in emergency medicine, and he combines stories from his practice with hard data to highlight the many places where things can go wrong in the doctor-patient relationship. In chapters with titles such as "We Don't Know," "It Doesn’t Work," and "We Don't Agree," Newman reveals that modern medicine is still very much in its infancy, and he makes a compelling argument that the practice of good doctoring requires not just science but also a significant amount of art. Newman talks at length about how this more human side of medicine has been lost in a flurry of often unnecessary tests and procedures and discusses how this focus contributes to the decline of satisfaction of not just patients but also of doctors themselves.

Throughout the course of the book, Newman gives numerous fascinating examples of medical interventions that are proven ineffective and yet still routinely given, and this education alone was for me worth the price of the book. I walked away from it with a much better understanding of what my doctors can and can't do for me, how medical decisions are made, more realistic expectations of the results I may get, and more confidence to be an active participant in my own health care decisions.

I found all of the above so valuable I was all set to give this book five stars when Newman made an abrupt left turn in the last chapter that gave me serious pause. Specifically, he comes to the conclusion that the problems of modern medicine are the result of a near religious belief in science. Though this makes sense in the context of doctors paying more attention to unreliable and subjective diagnostic tests than patients themselves, it directly contradicts the numerous examples he gives of doctors making poor treatment choices because they are blatantly ignoring hard scientific data that contradicts their long-established beliefs. Given how complex the problems woven into our medical system are, I can understand Newman's desire to end the book with a simple summary of a core problem. But in ending the book with such a broad swipe at science, he diminishes the numerous other problems he so eloquently outlined earlier in the book in favor of the kind of black and white answer he had done such a good job of showing us it is unrealistic to expect.

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Comments (showing 1-8 of 8) (8 new)

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message 1: by Trevor (new) - added it

Trevor Another excellent review and it looks like another book I'll need to track down in a future life


Lena Thanks, Trevor!


message 3: by Wendy (new) - added it

Wendy Yes. Another excellent review. It makes me want to read the book but I am indeed made curious by what the author intended in that last chapter. Could he be referring to the doctors themselves ritualizing medicine, revering long held practices without scientific evidence because they are caught up in their reverence for the "catachisms" they were taught in medical school? or in the hospital and do not have time to recognize that medicine is not static and that physicians need to keep updated. Most likely, most do not...any more than many professionals who should read in their field... Perhaps the author was not aiming his swipe at science nor was he directing his criticims of patients...but at doctors who think they know everything because they have been trained but fail to know what they do not know ...and fail to trust their gut.



Lena Those are all interesting questions, Wendy. I think a lot of it has to do with the overall human discomfort with uncertainty and change, both of which are abundant in the field of medicine.

One of the more fascinating comments Newman referred to was that medical "fact" has on average a life of about ten years before its discredited, improved upon, or in some other way rendered obsolete. Trying to practice in such a dynamic field with brains that evolved to fiercely defend pre-established beliefs is undoubtedly no easy task.

I suspect that my disagreement with him in that last chapter might well just be a question of interpretation as to what a religious belief in science actually means. He refers to the fact that physicians still recommend regular mammogram screening despite the fact that it fails to increase life expectancy and generates enormous stress due to the high false positive rate as an example of this over reliance on science, based I think on the supposition that doctors think because mammograms are such a high tech procedure, they should be useful. But it seems to me the continued use of mammograms is an irrational rejection of scientific evidence, not an over reliance on it. So I couldn't quite figure out why he was taking aim at science when that sort of thing seems more a problem of human cognitive error than anything else.



message 5: by Wendy (new) - added it

Wendy Lena wrote: "Those are all interesting questions, Wendy. I think a lot of it has to do with the overall human discomfort with uncertainty and change, both of which are abundant in the field of medicine.

O..."


I would also suggest that information overload is why physicians stop reading...They are also flooded with propaganda from pharmecuetical company reps.


Sandi Lena, your review burned this book into my brain so much that I ran out and got it yesterday. It's really a fascinating read so far.


Sheryl Hi Lena,

I actually liked the last chapter and thought the author was quite honest. Science and medicine can sometimes be 'ivory tower' occupations veiled in the illusion of knowing when in reality, much is uncertain and often subjective. Docs do not have time to keep up with new info due to the current state of the healthcare system as well as the overwhelming amount of new info coming in to the knowledge pool every day. Information transparency is good and bad. As will everything, knowledge grows and new ideas/concepts take hold over time whereas we see new advances in thinking daily on the web. We forget that it takes a great deal to shift 'common wisdom' in any field, perhaps more in medicine that most because there is so much at stake. For the AMA to change its recommendations on anything, there has to be an incredible amount of evidence for the change, and often, commercial entities have way more influence than is healthy. I think the author is pointing to the broken system as a whole (which no same person could argue with) and asking docs to take a responsibility for stepping back and thinking more deliberately about their profession. Not easy, since docs tend to bear the brunt of our failing system. Every doctor I know bemoans the fact that they cannot spend the time with their patients that they would like. Also one final word on the religion of science. We (docs, scientists, public) all tend to feel that if we could only see 'it' better (it being disease), they we can expect a better diagnosis. This is an assumption based on the fact that any aberration is bad. This is not always true since there are many abnormalities that can be seen with the right tools, that end up being quite normal. Overreaction to novel and poorly understood data can lead us down expensive, painful paths that could be avoided if we got our over-reliance on technology in check, and got back to basics as the author suggests.


Lena I agree very much that it's important to shift the assumption of certainty that pervades the practice of medicine. I'm coming to understand that medical conditions that can be easily defined and treated are more the exception than the rule, and it's made my own attempts to deal with the system easier to understand the subjectivity involved. But I think it's crucial not to throw the scientific baby out with the bathwater. I don't think that's Newman’s intention, but his oversimplifications in that last chapter are exactly the kind of arguments used by CAM practitioners to justify their total rejection of conventional medicine and the evidence that their own practices are ineffective. That's really what bothered me about that.


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