This book contains the debate Noam Chomsky and Michel Foucault had with each other in a televised debate in 1971 as well as two interviews with only Chomsky and an interview with only Foucault and two of Foucault's other writings. Two lines of argument in the debate are what constitutes human nature and what justice would be for human beings. Contrary to Chomsky's claim to some agreement with Foucault in one of the interviews with only him, Chomsky and Foucault conceive of both human nature and justice differently. Chomsky argues that human nature is a matter of innate creative capacities that are created by structures in the brain, essentially while Foucault seems to think that human nature is instead a loose term for the contingent (historical) circumstances a human being finds herself in. With regard justice, Chomsky thinks that one can judge existing societies comparatively as more or less just than others and attempt to envision an ideal just society that human beings could incrementally work toward to better allow a human being to make use of her innate creative capacities. Foucault, on the other hand, seems to think that justice is only an excuse for oppressed classes and classes sympathetic to oppressed classes to change status quo power relations. It is possible to conceive of Chomsky and Foucault investigating two sides of human behavior, however, as Chomsky suggests in one of this book's interviews. Whereas Chomsky is mostly focused on trying to elaborate on the innate mechanisms that allow for the human creative capacity, Foucault is mostly focused on trying to elaborate on the social, economic, and political environment that account for the approximate other half of human behavior. This is one way to reconcile their viewpoints and which would make both Chomsky and Foucault instructive for future investigators of human behavior, whether academic or just like you and me.