Manda's Reviews > Barbarians at the Gate: The Fall of RJR Nabisco

Barbarians at the Gate by Bryan Burrough

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1222405
's review
Aug 11, 10

Read from July 20 to August 05, 2010, read count: 1

** spoiler alert ** Burrough and Helyar are two former Wall Street Journal reporters who present a comprehensive telling of the battle for control of RJR Nabisco (yes, the cracker company), ultimately won by KKR, led by Henry Kravis in 1988. The book was written in 1990 and provided the final chapter on the LBO (leveraged buy-outs) excesses of the 1980's. By 1990, the stock market rally had made LBO's less attractive and some of the earlier deals were already starting to unravel and collapse under the weight of the debt payments, as predicted by long-time junk bond critic and rival RJR Nabisco bidder Ted Forstmann.

The book reads like a documentary novel. Hence, they have written a tale of personalities, with a special interest in Ross Johnson and Henry Kravis, often to the detriment of really explaining the financial and business details. The reader can learn intricate details about Johnson and the Wall Streeters preferences in cars, apartments, drinks, wives, schools, etc. The authors seem to think we need a biographic account of all minor players, starting with their grade-school years, and the end result is 528 pages and sometimes minimal financial explanation.

The main criticism, reading this now, is how dated the material has become. The authors would do well to provide some new material on how the deal has worked out. From other sources, I learned that KKR renegotiated the deal in the early 1990's (the resets were nearly toxic after all) and sold out their position entirely in 1995, more or less breaking even, depending on whose numbers you use.

The story of the final bids and the final final bids is truly riveting and meticulously researched here. The Johnson group ultimately presents a bid that is slightly higher than the KKR bid, but the board discounts the Johnson bid since it does not guarantee the bond pricing, and calls the whole thing a tie. At that point, the Board accepts the KKR bid, for non-economic reasons--mostly due to the bad publicity related to Johnson's greed. Ironically, Johnson had already given up much of his payout in order to boost the total value of the bid to the shareholders.

This is not the type of book I normally read, but I'm glad I read it. It was recommended to me by a friend and business aficionado, and I would definitely recommend this to other readers as well. it reads more like a thriller once you get past the initial third of the book where the authors are filling the reader in with background information.

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