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  <title><![CDATA[The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization]]></title>
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  <description><![CDATA[A professor of anthropology by training, Fagan traces the effects of climactic change on civilizations over the past 15,000 years--a period of prolonged global warning that has only accelerated over the past 150 years. In particular, he's interested in how civilizations have responded to, or been radically altered by, changes in environment. One of Fagan's most compelling examples is his detailed history of the city of Ur, in what is now modern-day Iraq. Once a great city in one of the world's earliest civilizations, it first thrived thanks to abundant rainfall and then suffered even more severely when the Indian Ocean monsoons shifted southward, changing rain patterns. By 2000 B.C. its agricultural economy had collapsed, and today it is an abandoned landscape, an assemblage of decaying shrines in the harshest of deserts. Fagan views this event as pivotal. It was, he writes, &quot;the first time an entire city disintegrated in the face of environmental catastrophe.&quot;  But not, Fagan notes, the last. In his epilogue, which covers the last 800 years of human history, Fagan explores the climatic upheavals that left 20 million dead in famine-related epidemics in the 19th century. He notes that today 200 million people barely survive on marginal agricultural land in places such as northeastern Brazil, Ethiopia, and the Saharan Sahel. If temperatures rise much above current levels, and rising seas flood coastal plains, the devastation could dwarf any disaster humankind has previously known. Fagan doesn't offer easy solutions, but he presents a compelling history of climate's role in the background--and sometimes foreground--of human history. <em>--Keith Moerer</em>]]></description>
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        <name><![CDATA[Brian M. Fagan]]></name>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization]]>
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    <![CDATA[A professor of anthropology by training, Fagan traces the effects of climactic change on civilizations over the past 15,000 years--a period of prolonged global warning that has only accelerated over the past 150 years. In particular, he's interested in how civilizations have responded to, or been radically altered by, changes in environment. One of Fagan's most compelling examples is his detailed history of the city of Ur, in what is now modern-day Iraq. Once a great city in one of the world's earliest civilizations, it first thrived thanks to abundant rainfall and then suffered even more severely when the Indian Ocean monsoons shifted southward, changing rain patterns. By 2000 B.C. its agricultural economy had collapsed, and today it is an abandoned landscape, an assemblage of decaying shrines in the harshest of deserts. Fagan views this event as pivotal. It was, he writes, &quot;the first time an entire city disintegrated in the face of environmental catastrophe.&quot;  But not, Fagan notes, the last. In his epilogue, which covers the last 800 years of human history, Fagan explores the climatic upheavals that left 20 million dead in famine-related epidemics in the 19th century. He notes that today 200 million people barely survive on marginal agricultural land in places such as northeastern Brazil, Ethiopia, and the Saharan Sahel. If temperatures rise much above current levels, and rising seas flood coastal plains, the devastation could dwarf any disaster humankind has previously known. Fagan doesn't offer easy solutions, but he presents a compelling history of climate's role in the background--and sometimes foreground--of human history. <em>--Keith Moerer</em>]]>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[history/pop science/climate junkies.]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Sun Dec 28 00:00:00 -0800 2008</read_at>
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    <body><![CDATA[Interesting and thought-provoking. The basic thesis is that climate has hugely affected, and driven, changes in human development and civilization, from the development of agriculture and herding to the rise and fall of Rome. A subthesis is that human societies have steadily taken steps to reduce sh...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/41247224">more...</a>]]></body>
    
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization]]>
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    <![CDATA[A professor of anthropology by training, Fagan traces the effects of climactic change on civilizations over the past 15,000 years--a period of prolonged global warning that has only accelerated over the past 150 years. In particular, he's interested in how civilizations have responded to, or been radically altered by, changes in environment. One of Fagan's most compelling examples is his detailed history of the city of Ur, in what is now modern-day Iraq. Once a great city in one of the world's earliest civilizations, it first thrived thanks to abundant rainfall and then suffered even more severely when the Indian Ocean monsoons shifted southward, changing rain patterns. By 2000 B.C. its agricultural economy had collapsed, and today it is an abandoned landscape, an assemblage of decaying shrines in the harshest of deserts. Fagan views this event as pivotal. It was, he writes, &quot;the first time an entire city disintegrated in the face of environmental catastrophe.&quot;  But not, Fagan notes, the last. In his epilogue, which covers the last 800 years of human history, Fagan explores the climatic upheavals that left 20 million dead in famine-related epidemics in the 19th century. He notes that today 200 million people barely survive on marginal agricultural land in places such as northeastern Brazil, Ethiopia, and the Saharan Sahel. If temperatures rise much above current levels, and rising seas flood coastal plains, the devastation could dwarf any disaster humankind has previously known. Fagan doesn't offer easy solutions, but he presents a compelling history of climate's role in the background--and sometimes foreground--of human history. <em>--Keith Moerer</em>]]>
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  <read_at>Thu Apr 03 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
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    <body><![CDATA[Fagan is a science writer who proposes that civilization was 'changed' by climate.  He attempts to link climactic variations to: the ebb and flow of human settlement of North, the rise of civilizations dependant on farming, the extinction of North American megafauna, etc.  His engine of change, civi...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/19440412">more...</a>]]></body>
    
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      <review>
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    <name><![CDATA[David]]></name>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization]]>
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  <description>
    <![CDATA[A professor of anthropology by training, Fagan traces the effects of climactic change on civilizations over the past 15,000 years--a period of prolonged global warning that has only accelerated over the past 150 years. In particular, he's interested in how civilizations have responded to, or been radically altered by, changes in environment. One of Fagan's most compelling examples is his detailed history of the city of Ur, in what is now modern-day Iraq. Once a great city in one of the world's earliest civilizations, it first thrived thanks to abundant rainfall and then suffered even more severely when the Indian Ocean monsoons shifted southward, changing rain patterns. By 2000 B.C. its agricultural economy had collapsed, and today it is an abandoned landscape, an assemblage of decaying shrines in the harshest of deserts. Fagan views this event as pivotal. It was, he writes, &quot;the first time an entire city disintegrated in the face of environmental catastrophe.&quot;  But not, Fagan notes, the last. In his epilogue, which covers the last 800 years of human history, Fagan explores the climatic upheavals that left 20 million dead in famine-related epidemics in the 19th century. He notes that today 200 million people barely survive on marginal agricultural land in places such as northeastern Brazil, Ethiopia, and the Saharan Sahel. If temperatures rise much above current levels, and rising seas flood coastal plains, the devastation could dwarf any disaster humankind has previously known. Fagan doesn't offer easy solutions, but he presents a compelling history of climate's role in the background--and sometimes foreground--of human history. <em>--Keith Moerer</em>]]>
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  <date_added>Sat May 30 09:25:52 -0700 2009</date_added>
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    <body><![CDATA[Historically Earth has been much cooler than it has been for the last 15,000 years, according to Fagan we're overdue for a cooling cycle and nearing the end of this &quot;Long Summer&quot;. Interesting to consider how for the first time in this cycle man has the ability to alter the climate - how do...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/57853013">more...</a>]]></body>
    
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      <review>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization]]>
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  <average_rating>3.77</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>57</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[A professor of anthropology by training, Fagan traces the effects of climactic change on civilizations over the past 15,000 years--a period of prolonged global warning that has only accelerated over the past 150 years. In particular, he's interested in how civilizations have responded to, or been radically altered by, changes in environment. One of Fagan's most compelling examples is his detailed history of the city of Ur, in what is now modern-day Iraq. Once a great city in one of the world's earliest civilizations, it first thrived thanks to abundant rainfall and then suffered even more severely when the Indian Ocean monsoons shifted southward, changing rain patterns. By 2000 B.C. its agricultural economy had collapsed, and today it is an abandoned landscape, an assemblage of decaying shrines in the harshest of deserts. Fagan views this event as pivotal. It was, he writes, &quot;the first time an entire city disintegrated in the face of environmental catastrophe.&quot;  But not, Fagan notes, the last. In his epilogue, which covers the last 800 years of human history, Fagan explores the climatic upheavals that left 20 million dead in famine-related epidemics in the 19th century. He notes that today 200 million people barely survive on marginal agricultural land in places such as northeastern Brazil, Ethiopia, and the Saharan Sahel. If temperatures rise much above current levels, and rising seas flood coastal plains, the devastation could dwarf any disaster humankind has previously known. Fagan doesn't offer easy solutions, but he presents a compelling history of climate's role in the background--and sometimes foreground--of human history. <em>--Keith Moerer</em>]]>
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  <read_at>Sun Jul 01 00:00:00 -0700 2007</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu Jun 07 06:51:05 -0700 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Wed Dec 16 20:56:43 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Basically talks about how climate influenced the migration and cultural evolution of man. An example would be the climate shift from moist/sufficient rainfall to dry/arid found in Northern Africa. Some tribes clung to the banks of the Nile. Most tribes migrated North to colder regions adopting heavi...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1743599">more...</a>]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1743599]]></url>
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      <review>
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    <![CDATA[The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization]]>
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  <description>
    <![CDATA[A professor of anthropology by training, Fagan traces the effects of climactic change on civilizations over the past 15,000 years--a period of prolonged global warning that has only accelerated over the past 150 years. In particular, he's interested in how civilizations have responded to, or been radically altered by, changes in environment. One of Fagan's most compelling examples is his detailed history of the city of Ur, in what is now modern-day Iraq. <br/><br/>Once a great city in one of the world's earliest civilizations, it first thrived thanks to abundant rainfall and then suffered even more severely when the Indian Ocean monsoons shifted southward, changing rain patterns. By 2000 B.C. its agricultural economy had collapsed, and today it is an abandoned landscape, an assemblage of decaying shrines in the harshest of deserts. Fagan views this event as pivotal. It was, he writes, &quot;the first time an entire city disintegrated in the face of environmental catastrophe.&quot;  But not, Fagan notes, the last. <br/><br/>In his epilogue, which covers the last 800 years of human history, Fagan explores the climatic upheavals that left 20 million dead in famine-related epidemics in the 19th century. He notes that today 200 million people barely survive on marginal agricultural land in places such as northeastern Brazil, Ethiopia, and the Saharan Sahel. If temperatures rise much above current levels, and rising seas flood coastal plains, the devastation could dwarf any disaster humankind has previously known. Fagan doesn't offer easy solutions, but he presents a compelling history of climate's role in the background--and sometimes foreground--of human history. <em>--Keith Moerer</em>]]>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[Climate Effects on History]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Tue Jun 01 00:00:00 -0700 2004</read_at>
  <date_added>Fri Apr 13 19:54:27 -0700 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Wed Dec 16 17:57:12 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[To quote the back of the book,&quot;Humanity evolved in an Ice Age in which glaciers covered much of the world.But starting about 15,000 years ago,temperatures began to climb.Civilization and all of recorded history occurred in this warm period--the long<br/>summer of the human species.In The Long ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/713721">more...</a>]]></body>
    
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    <![CDATA[A professor of anthropology by training, Fagan traces the effects of climactic change on civilizations over the past 15,000 years--a period of prolonged global warning that has only accelerated over the past 150 years. In particular, he's interested in how civilizations have responded to, or been radically altered by, changes in environment. One of Fagan's most compelling examples is his detailed history of the city of Ur, in what is now modern-day Iraq. Once a great city in one of the world's earliest civilizations, it first thrived thanks to abundant rainfall and then suffered even more severely when the Indian Ocean monsoons shifted southward, changing rain patterns. By 2000 B.C. its agricultural economy had collapsed, and today it is an abandoned landscape, an assemblage of decaying shrines in the harshest of deserts. Fagan views this event as pivotal. It was, he writes, &quot;the first time an entire city disintegrated in the face of environmental catastrophe.&quot;  But not, Fagan notes, the last. In his epilogue, which covers the last 800 years of human history, Fagan explores the climatic upheavals that left 20 million dead in famine-related epidemics in the 19th century. He notes that today 200 million people barely survive on marginal agricultural land in places such as northeastern Brazil, Ethiopia, and the Saharan Sahel. If temperatures rise much above current levels, and rising seas flood coastal plains, the devastation could dwarf any disaster humankind has previously known. Fagan doesn't offer easy solutions, but he presents a compelling history of climate's role in the background--and sometimes foreground--of human history. <em>--Keith Moerer</em>]]>
  </description>
  <published>2003</published>
</book>

    <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Tue Oct 13 13:30:06 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Oct 13 13:31:17 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Very readable, good maps. If you don't think climate has a profound affect on culture - start reading.]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/74422108]]></url>
  <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/74422108]]></link>
</review>
      <review>
  <id>43611929</id>
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    <name><![CDATA[Lauren]]></name>
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  <isbn>0465022820</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780465022823</isbn13>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">10</text_reviews_count>
  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://photo.goodreads.com/books/1178822131m/841213.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://photo.goodreads.com/books/1178822131s/841213.jpg</small_image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.77</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>57</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[A professor of anthropology by training, Fagan traces the effects of climactic change on civilizations over the past 15,000 years--a period of prolonged global warning that has only accelerated over the past 150 years. In particular, he's interested in how civilizations have responded to, or been radically altered by, changes in environment. One of Fagan's most compelling examples is his detailed history of the city of Ur, in what is now modern-day Iraq. Once a great city in one of the world's earliest civilizations, it first thrived thanks to abundant rainfall and then suffered even more severely when the Indian Ocean monsoons shifted southward, changing rain patterns. By 2000 B.C. its agricultural economy had collapsed, and today it is an abandoned landscape, an assemblage of decaying shrines in the harshest of deserts. Fagan views this event as pivotal. It was, he writes, &quot;the first time an entire city disintegrated in the face of environmental catastrophe.&quot;  But not, Fagan notes, the last. In his epilogue, which covers the last 800 years of human history, Fagan explores the climatic upheavals that left 20 million dead in famine-related epidemics in the 19th century. He notes that today 200 million people barely survive on marginal agricultural land in places such as northeastern Brazil, Ethiopia, and the Saharan Sahel. If temperatures rise much above current levels, and rising seas flood coastal plains, the devastation could dwarf any disaster humankind has previously known. Fagan doesn't offer easy solutions, but he presents a compelling history of climate's role in the background--and sometimes foreground--of human history. <em>--Keith Moerer</em>]]>
  </description>
  <published>2003</published>
</book>

    <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <date_added>Mon Jan 19 13:52:31 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Jan 20 12:22:30 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[A model for the future and call to action as much as it is an anthropological study.]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/43611929]]></url>
  <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/43611929]]></link>
</review>
      <review>
  <id>21859636</id>
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    <name><![CDATA[Jack]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[South Hamilton, MA]]></location>
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  <isbn>0465022820</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780465022823</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://photo.goodreads.com/books/1178822131m/841213.jpg</image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.77</average_rating>
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  <description>
    <![CDATA[A professor of anthropology by training, Fagan traces the effects of climactic change on civilizations over the past 15,000 years--a period of prolonged global warning that has only accelerated over the past 150 years. In particular, he's interested in how civilizations have responded to, or been radically altered by, changes in environment. One of Fagan's most compelling examples is his detailed history of the city of Ur, in what is now modern-day Iraq. Once a great city in one of the world's earliest civilizations, it first thrived thanks to abundant rainfall and then suffered even more severely when the Indian Ocean monsoons shifted southward, changing rain patterns. By 2000 B.C. its agricultural economy had collapsed, and today it is an abandoned landscape, an assemblage of decaying shrines in the harshest of deserts. Fagan views this event as pivotal. It was, he writes, &quot;the first time an entire city disintegrated in the face of environmental catastrophe.&quot;  But not, Fagan notes, the last. In his epilogue, which covers the last 800 years of human history, Fagan explores the climatic upheavals that left 20 million dead in famine-related epidemics in the 19th century. He notes that today 200 million people barely survive on marginal agricultural land in places such as northeastern Brazil, Ethiopia, and the Saharan Sahel. If temperatures rise much above current levels, and rising seas flood coastal plains, the devastation could dwarf any disaster humankind has previously known. Fagan doesn't offer easy solutions, but he presents a compelling history of climate's role in the background--and sometimes foreground--of human history. <em>--Keith Moerer</em>]]>
  </description>
  <published>2003</published>
</book>

    <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Sun May 01 00:00:00 -0700 2005</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu May 08 10:04:59 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Thu May 08 10:06:09 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Brilliant synthesis of current research into the role of climate in the rise (and fall) of human societies. Surprisingly well written.]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/21859636]]></url>
  <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/21859636]]></link>
</review>
      <review>
  <id>8340797</id>
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    <id>563257</id>
    <name><![CDATA[Martin]]></name>
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  <isbn>1862077517</isbn>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization]]>
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  <average_rating>3.77</average_rating>
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  <description>
    <![CDATA[A professor of anthropology by training, Fagan traces the effects of climactic change on civilizations over the past 15,000 years--a period of prolonged global warning that has only accelerated over the past 150 years. In particular, he's interested in how civilizations have responded to, or been radically altered by, changes in environment. One of Fagan's most compelling examples is his detailed history of the city of Ur, in what is now modern-day Iraq. <br/><br/>Once a great city in one of the world's earliest civilizations, it first thrived thanks to abundant rainfall and then suffered even more severely when the Indian Ocean monsoons shifted southward, changing rain patterns. By 2000 B.C. its agricultural economy had collapsed, and today it is an abandoned landscape, an assemblage of decaying shrines in the harshest of deserts. Fagan views this event as pivotal. It was, he writes, &quot;the first time an entire city disintegrated in the face of environmental catastrophe.&quot;  But not, Fagan notes, the last. <br/><br/>In his epilogue, which covers the last 800 years of human history, Fagan explores the climatic upheavals that left 20 million dead in famine-related epidemics in the 19th century. He notes that today 200 million people barely survive on marginal agricultural land in places such as northeastern Brazil, Ethiopia, and the Saharan Sahel. If temperatures rise much above current levels, and rising seas flood coastal plains, the devastation could dwarf any disaster humankind has previously known. Fagan doesn't offer easy solutions, but he presents a compelling history of climate's role in the background--and sometimes foreground--of human history. <em>--Keith Moerer</em>]]>
  </description>
  <published>2003</published>
</book>

    <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Oct 28 03:58:44 -0700 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sun Oct 28 03:59:17 -0700 2007</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://resolutereader.blogspot.com/2006/01/brian-fagan-long-summer-how-climate.html">Review at Resolute Reader</a> ]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/8340797]]></url>
  <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/8340797]]></link>
</review>
      <review>
  <id>10913258</id>
    <user>
    <id>297102</id>
    <name><![CDATA[Chad]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>
    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/297102-chad]]></link>
    <image_url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/images/nophoto-M-111x148.jpg]]></image_url>
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  <isbn>0465022820</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780465022823</isbn13>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">10</text_reviews_count>
  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://photo.goodreads.com/books/1178822131m/841213.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://photo.goodreads.com/books/1178822131s/841213.jpg</small_image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.77</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>57</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[A professor of anthropology by training, Fagan traces the effects of climactic change on civilizations over the past 15,000 years--a period of prolonged global warning that has only accelerated over the past 150 years. In particular, he's interested in how civilizations have responded to, or been radically altered by, changes in environment. One of Fagan's most compelling examples is his detailed history of the city of Ur, in what is now modern-day Iraq. Once a great city in one of the world's earliest civilizations, it first thrived thanks to abundant rainfall and then suffered even more severely when the Indian Ocean monsoons shifted southward, changing rain patterns. By 2000 B.C. its agricultural economy had collapsed, and today it is an abandoned landscape, an assemblage of decaying shrines in the harshest of deserts. Fagan views this event as pivotal. It was, he writes, &quot;the first time an entire city disintegrated in the face of environmental catastrophe.&quot;  But not, Fagan notes, the last. In his epilogue, which covers the last 800 years of human history, Fagan explores the climatic upheavals that left 20 million dead in famine-related epidemics in the 19th century. He notes that today 200 million people barely survive on marginal agricultural land in places such as northeastern Brazil, Ethiopia, and the Saharan Sahel. If temperatures rise much above current levels, and rising seas flood coastal plains, the devastation could dwarf any disaster humankind has previously known. Fagan doesn't offer easy solutions, but he presents a compelling history of climate's role in the background--and sometimes foreground--of human history. <em>--Keith Moerer</em>]]>
  </description>
  <published>2003</published>
</book>

    <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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          </shelves>
  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 -0800 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Dec 23 09:04:28 -0800 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Thu Jan 24 19:23:29 -0800 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This is for the specialist interested in climate change, archeology or simple evolution of civilization.]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/10913258]]></url>
  <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/10913258]]></link>
</review>
      <review>
  <id>37727647</id>
    <user>
    <id>846793</id>
    <name><![CDATA[Rose Ann ]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Omaha, NE]]></location>
    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/846793-rose-ann]]></link>
    <image_url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/images/nophoto-F-111x148.jpg]]></image_url>
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  <isbn13>9780465022823</isbn13>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">10</text_reviews_count>
  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://photo.goodreads.com/books/1178822131m/841213.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://photo.goodreads.com/books/1178822131s/841213.jpg</small_image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.77</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>57</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[A professor of anthropology by training, Fagan traces the effects of climactic change on civilizations over the past 15,000 years--a period of prolonged global warning that has only accelerated over the past 150 years. In particular, he's interested in how civilizations have responded to, or been radically altered by, changes in environment. One of Fagan's most compelling examples is his detailed history of the city of Ur, in what is now modern-day Iraq. Once a great city in one of the world's earliest civilizations, it first thrived thanks to abundant rainfall and then suffered even more severely when the Indian Ocean monsoons shifted southward, changing rain patterns. By 2000 B.C. its agricultural economy had collapsed, and today it is an abandoned landscape, an assemblage of decaying shrines in the harshest of deserts. Fagan views this event as pivotal. It was, he writes, &quot;the first time an entire city disintegrated in the face of environmental catastrophe.&quot;  But not, Fagan notes, the last. In his epilogue, which covers the last 800 years of human history, Fagan explores the climatic upheavals that left 20 million dead in famine-related epidemics in the 19th century. He notes that today 200 million people barely survive on marginal agricultural land in places such as northeastern Brazil, Ethiopia, and the Saharan Sahel. If temperatures rise much above current levels, and rising seas flood coastal plains, the devastation could dwarf any disaster humankind has previously known. Fagan doesn't offer easy solutions, but he presents a compelling history of climate's role in the background--and sometimes foreground--of human history. <em>--Keith Moerer</em>]]>
  </description>
  <published>2003</published>
</book>

    <rating>1</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Sat Nov 01 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Fri Nov 14 11:21:10 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Mon Nov 17 12:12:06 -0800 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[A little too academic for my taste. Plus the author has an axe to grind. Too much theorizing. ]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/37727647]]></url>
  <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/37727647]]></link>
</review>
      <review>
  <id>16112142</id>
    <user>
    <id>370961</id>
    <name><![CDATA[Randall]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Orem, UT]]></location>
    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/370961-randall]]></link>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://photo.goodreads.com/books/1178822131m/841213.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://photo.goodreads.com/books/1178822131s/841213.jpg</small_image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.77</average_rating>
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  <description>
    <![CDATA[A professor of anthropology by training, Fagan traces the effects of climactic change on civilizations over the past 15,000 years--a period of prolonged global warning that has only accelerated over the past 150 years. In particular, he's interested in how civilizations have responded to, or been radically altered by, changes in environment. One of Fagan's most compelling examples is his detailed history of the city of Ur, in what is now modern-day Iraq. Once a great city in one of the world's earliest civilizations, it first thrived thanks to abundant rainfall and then suffered even more severely when the Indian Ocean monsoons shifted southward, changing rain patterns. By 2000 B.C. its agricultural economy had collapsed, and today it is an abandoned landscape, an assemblage of decaying shrines in the harshest of deserts. Fagan views this event as pivotal. It was, he writes, &quot;the first time an entire city disintegrated in the face of environmental catastrophe.&quot;  But not, Fagan notes, the last. In his epilogue, which covers the last 800 years of human history, Fagan explores the climatic upheavals that left 20 million dead in famine-related epidemics in the 19th century. He notes that today 200 million people barely survive on marginal agricultural land in places such as northeastern Brazil, Ethiopia, and the Saharan Sahel. If temperatures rise much above current levels, and rising seas flood coastal plains, the devastation could dwarf any disaster humankind has previously known. Fagan doesn't offer easy solutions, but he presents a compelling history of climate's role in the background--and sometimes foreground--of human history. <em>--Keith Moerer</em>]]>
  </description>
  <published>2003</published>
</book>

    <rating>3</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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          </shelves>
  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[Steward Brand]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Fri Feb 01 00:00:00 -0800 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Fri Feb 22 13:44:49 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Feb 26 08:16:17 -0800 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Travel the world with Brian Fagan. A real eye-opener.]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/16112142]]></url>
  <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/16112142]]></link>
</review>
      <review>
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    <name><![CDATA[Surgat]]></name>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization]]>
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