Newton and the Counterfeiter: The Unknown Detective Career of the World's Greatest Scientist

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Newton and the Counterfeiter: The Unknown Detective Career of the World's Greatest Scientist

3.64 of 5 stars 3.64 · rating details · 557 ratings · 141 reviews

In 1695, Isaac Newton—already renowned as the greatest mind of his age—made a surprising career change. He left quiet Cambridge, where he had lived for thirty years and made his earth-shattering discoveries, and moved to London to take up the post of Warden of His Majesty’s Mint.

Newton was preceded to the city by a genius of another kind, the budding criminal William Chal...more

Hardcover, 336 pages

Published June 4th 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (first published January 1st 2009)

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Jan 29, 2013 Holly Weiss rated it 4 of 5 stars

Shelves: history, non-fiction

On June 4, 1661, Issac Newton made a virtually unnoticed arrival as a first year student at Trinity College, Cambridge. Poor and so preoccupied with his studies that he forgot to eat, he left only to escape the plague of 1665. He quietly and diligently studied mathematics, physics and philosophy. When he returned in 1667 to complete his degree he had become the greatest mathematician in the world, but was completely unknown. After being appointed professor he invented the three laws of motion.

Th...more

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Sep 16, 2012 Geoffrey Irvin rated it 4 of 5 stars · review of another edition

Shelves: non-fiction

An interesting account of the clash between two diametrically opposed people. In plan, the book creates a medium grade account of Newton's life, his genius for mathematics, his extraordinary grasp of almost any subject his mind brought to focus. The account covers the unprecendented intellectual output and driven work ethic of Newton. It explores his friendships with Locke, Hooke, Pepys and a possible continental love interest.
It provides an introduction to the revolution that was differential...more An interesting account of the clash between two diametrically opposed people. In plan, the book creates a medium grade account of Newton's life, his genius for mathematics, his extraordinary grasp of almost any subject his mind brought to focus. The account covers the unprecendented intellectual output and driven work ethic of Newton. It explores his friendships with Locke, Hooke, Pepys and a possible continental love interest.
It provides an introduction to the revolution that was differential calculus, enough to give a lay person an appreciation of Newton's acheivements, his internal religious drives, and also by the way an account of his 30 year involvement with alchemy. The insights the author offers for explanation for this last area of interest for Newton are well argued and provide a new aspect which is otherwise left out of most brief accounts of his life. The appreciation of Newton's personal piety and passions serve this book to highlight the anvil against which the antagonist of this account, one William Chalconer, would be struck.

Once Newton takes the role as warden of the Royal Mint, he becomes responsible for the arrest and prosecution of illegal coining operations, then rife in London. The character of Chalcenor actually proves a worthy criminal adversary who for a time is able to hoodwink the establishment, while maintaining the highest quality private coining operations in London, even giving evidence at parliamentary commitees, and publishing methods of stamping out the crime.
The story of Chalcenor and his battle of wits with Newton plays out over several years, and casts a new light on Isaac Newton in his role as criminal detective and possibly even torturer.
The book covers the time of James II and the Jacobite uprisings, protestant and catholic clashes, William of Orange, the black death, the south sea bubble and the wars in France. As an introduction to these times this book provides a good jumping off point to many interesting subjects. The only thing was that it left me wanting much more detail about each of these subjects, and so the book is too short at about 250 pages. I wanted more, and shall seek out more at some time. So in general, a provocative read. (less)

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May 03, 2012 Scott Lake rated it 5 of 5 stars

Isaac Newton. We engineers know him as a father of the Calculus, as well as discovering and writing equations of motion that we now take for granted. What would we do without F=ma?

In this moving account of Newton's life, we learn that Newton had a couple of other careers: 1. A secret career devoted to alchemy, 2. The Warden of the Royal Mint in London.

Levenson takes us through the accounting of Newton's mathematical and scientific discoveries, then gives us his time as a devotee to alchemy and f...more

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Dec 22, 2011 Trevor rated it 4 of 5 stars

Shelves: biography, science, true-crime

This book starts with an extended thumbnail sketch of Newton and his Natural Philosophy. This is done quite well – though, if that is what you are after perhaps a better book is Isaac Newton.

This one runs through his three laws (things will keep moving unless you stop them, the force you use to stop them equals their mass multiplied by their acceleration and whatever shove you give something it shoves back at you with the same force). He briefly explains the calculus. He spends lots of time tal...more

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Sep 29, 2009 Jim Leffert rated it 3 of 5 stars

Not only was Newton a great scientist and mathematician, but in his 50’s, he left Cambridge and scientific explorations for a second career as Warden of the Mint in London. In Newton and the Counterfeiter, Levenson initially brings us up to speed on Newton and his work as a scientist. He paints a vivid picture of Newton the person, recounting how this rural child and compulsive tinkerer and scholarship student at Cambridge, who initially paid his way by waiting on other students’ tables, came to...more Not only was Newton a great scientist and mathematician, but in his 50’s, he left Cambridge and scientific explorations for a second career as Warden of the Mint in London. In Newton and the Counterfeiter, Levenson initially brings us up to speed on Newton and his work as a scientist. He paints a vivid picture of Newton the person, recounting how this rural child and compulsive tinkerer and scholarship student at Cambridge, who initially paid his way by waiting on other students’ tables, came to revolutionize science. He also explains how through careful thought and relentless experimentation, Newton gradually came to develop the insights and theories that brought him fame.

We then learn, surprisingly, that in his 50’s, at the height of Newton’s academic career, he abandoned academia for a position as a government bureaucrat in London. Levenson describes the crises in Newton’s work and personal life that apparently precipitated a nervous breakdown and his subsequent change in profession. This part of the book provides a colorful account of a time of crisis and transformation for money and the banking system. London in the latter part of the 17th century is where and when today’s monetary and banking system had its genesis. During this period, money made a revolutionary transition from coins made from gold and silver that were literally worth the market value of the metal contained, to paper and metal forms of money and banknotes that are purely symbolic and whose value depends entirely on the populace’s confidence in government and financial institutions. Counterfeiting was the widespread cholera and bubonic plague that threatened this nascent financial order, and Newton struggled to inoculate and protect England, when possible, from this contagion.

Newton’s most daring threat came from an ambitious counterfeiter named William Chaloner, who flooded London with counterfeit coins and bills and even plotted, with the help of political influence, to penetrate the Mint by gaining a role in its operations. While the previously mentioned parts of the book are informative and engrossing, the story drags a bit when Levenson describes the cat and mouse game between Chaloner and Newton. Newton’s actions, which eventually played a role in bringing this man to justice, were not all that extraordinary or suspenseful and the fact that Isaac Newton was the person who did them does not make them any more interesting. Nothing described approaches the derring-do, that David Liss, for example, offers in his fictional stories about Benjamin Weaver, a thief taker in 18th century London, or that can by found in gumshoe fiction or in true life stories from the 20th century such as Agent Zigzag by Ben Macintyre. Nonetheless, the story of Newton’s battle with Chaloner and other counterfeiters serves as a “hook” for an excellent and clear introduction to Newtonian physics, to Newton’s life, and to an epoch of critical importance to financial and economic history.
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Jul 22, 2009 John rated it 4 of 5 stars

Isaac Newton stopped my attempt to get through Physics I-II in college dead in its tracks, so I've kind of stayed out of his way ever since. However, who could resist an account of Newton matching wits with one of the cleverest counterfeiters of his time? And once I was drawn into the tale, I learned more about Newton's scientific accomplishments (and exceedingly strange life) than I ever thought anyone could get me to absorb. To distill the story to its essence: Newton, although famous, was poo...more

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Nov 19, 2009 Diana Sandberg rated it 5 of 5 stars

Wow. Puffery of biographical/historical work quite frequently claims the work in question “reads like a novel”. This, to put it charitably, is often an optimistic overstatement. However, this book is easily as intriguing and engaging as many a good work of fiction and I am hugely impressed with the author’s ability to spin a fascinating tale within the confines of real research and the limits of contemporary documentation. I loved the presentation of Newton’s character and accomplishments, the i...more

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Oct 13, 2012 J rated it 3 of 5 stars

MAY CONTAIN SPOILERS. I DON'T HIDE OR PROMOTE MY REVIEWS.

I would not have picked up this book if the secondhand bookstore had properly filed it. However I spotted it on the mystery shelf and thought it might be a fictional account with the Newton persona as the hero.

Much to my surprise, the book is a biography and a history of England in the late 17th and early 18th centuries. In the vernacular of William Chaloner, a counterfeiter whom Newton seems to have perceived as his personal nemesis, I "w...more

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Aug 08, 2011 Tim Hicks rated it 4 of 5 stars

This is a good complement to what you already knew about Newton.

I was waiting for further developments in the story, and was surprised when the main body of the book ended at page 247 of 318. The rest of the book has acknowledgements, notes, bibliography and an index. The author wants us to know that he did a lot of work on this!

Levenson is deft about leading us to the conclusion that Chaloner was good, but not nearly as good as he thought he was. Unfortunately the packaging of this led me to...more

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Aug 02, 2011 David Rush rated it 4 of 5 stars

Who knew that Newton spent the last 25 years away from Cambridge and a good portion of that time he was “Master of the Mint” and in charge of overseeing the production and security of England’s money supply.
The author does a nice job making reasonable speculations on why Newton's previous pursuits prepared him to be an ideal candidate for fixing England’s coinage problems. I particularly liked the notion that Newton was not unaware that his discoveries about the nature of the universe might lea...more

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May 17, 2013 Ali rated it 2 of 5 stars

In middle age, Newton left Cambridge to take a real, paying job, managing the royal mint, which included the duty to run down and prosecute counterfeiters. The book focused on the legal dual between Newton and one of these, and on the gathering of enough evidence to gain a conviction. But I think what really won the conviction was an earlier stay in Newgate, without coming to trial, that impoverished him, leaving him too poor to bribe the judge. The story wasn't all that interesting. The best bi...more

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Mar 26, 2012 Eileend rated it 4 of 5 stars

I wanted to love this book, but I just liked it a lot. It's the kind of book that I'd have to sit down with and say, "well, let's just be friends." I learned so much about Newton that I didn't know before, but I found Newton vs. Chaloner (the counterfeiter) less interesting than the beginning of bank notes, and paper money. Newton himself always stays a bit out of reach to us, but Levenson more than adequately tracks the path from logical, theoretical thinker to practical and pragmatic manager a...more

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Jan 10, 2011 Marsha rated it 3 of 5 stars · review of another edition

Just came in through interlibrary loan...so I know what I'll be doing this afternoon on a wonderful chilly winter day.

After a while, this got boring...too much detail about the bad guy and not enough interesting stuff.

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Feb 10, 2013 Peter Fortune rated it 4 of 5 stars

Shelves: biography, economics, history

Did you know that Sir Isaac Newton was appointed Master of the Mint and charged with the responsibility of maintaining the purity of English coinage? Did you know that he was extremely aggressive in carrying out this responsibility? Did you know that one counterfeiter was his most challenging and equally aggressive opponent?

Read this interesting history and you'll know all thos things and more. Newton's very strange behavior, his absolute commitment to science, his abrasiveness and general unple...more

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Apr 13, 2012 Karl H. rated it 3 of 5 stars

Newton and the Counterfeiter is part of what has practically become a non-fiction genre by now. Take a notable figure or event, pair it up with a non-notable historical footnote, and write a book about how the two are related. Such books have occasionally caught my eye- I'm thinking here of Devil in the White City and Roosevelt and the River of Doubt. I like how these stories often shine light on lesser known parts of a famous event or people. Sometimes though, they aren't so much a main course...more Newton and the Counterfeiter is part of what has practically become a non-fiction genre by now. Take a notable figure or event, pair it up with a non-notable historical footnote, and write a book about how the two are related. Such books have occasionally caught my eye- I'm thinking here of Devil in the White City and Roosevelt and the River of Doubt. I like how these stories often shine light on lesser known parts of a famous event or people. Sometimes though, they aren't so much a main course about the footnote as they are a kind of appetizer sampler of all sorts of historical topics. Newton and the Counterfeiter falls into this sampler category, as it covers a wide variety of topics- the personal histories of two men named Chaloner and Issac Newton, vanishing currency, minting processes and the justice system of late 15th century England.

The Newton sections of the book are done well, if not spectacularly. The obligatory recap of Newton’s achievements was interesting enough. Newton was fearless in his experimentation- he once stuck a pin in his eye to test the effects of shape on vision. Newton was clearly a driven man- once he set his mind to something he was going to get it done. His failures with alchemy indicate that he was so driven that when he failed, it drove him to the brink of mental collapse. That said, he was also a prickly and proud man who was not easy to get along with. There is a section about a man named Fatio which alleges that Newton was a homosexual. This feels to me to be pretty shoddy and irresponsible scholarship based on the evidence provided. There’s insufficient evidence to suggest Newton was gay, and I don’t think it’s too much of a stretch to say that he was so focused on his work and so anti-social that he simply never managed to get married or find emotional intimacy. In fact, the willingness of the author to make such a bold claim on very circumstantial evidence hampers his credibility in the rest of the book, as far as I am concerned.

Newton takes up the post of Warden of the Mint, which is facing a crisis. The money in England is worth less than the value of the silver it is made of, leading to a currency shortage as people melt and export the silver to make a profit. Additionally, people are shaving bits and pieces of silver and gold off of the currency, which is hard to detect and highly profitable. Enter William Chaloner, former blacksmith who is accustomed to working with metal, and morally flexible enough to see an opportunity. After spending some time producing counterfeit shillings, Chaloner decides he wants a closer look at how the money is made. Chaloner alleges that the Mint is incompetent and corrupt, and suggests that he be given a post to oversee the mint. Newton was wary, as he should’ve been, and took up a grudge against the man, deciding to build a case and put Chaloner away for good.

The sections on Chaloner are enlightening not so much for the portrait of the man as for the insight they provide into the London underworld and system of justice. It’s not a pretty picture. Suspects were apprehended by “thief takers” who could entrap to their hearts content, and got paid for doing so. The system was heavily corrupt and bribes affected every step of the process. Jailers became rich at Newgate off their accumulated bribes from prisoners desperate to get a private cell away from the disease ridden hell of the general population. The trial system is even worse, there being no lawyers for the defendant and no presumption of innocence. One wonders how accused men were ever found innocent- presumably sums of money changed hands. To his credit, Levenson refrains from emulating the “true crime” sources that gullibly reiterate every claim made by the prosecution as fact.

Newton and the Counterfeiter is a pretty decent book on the whole but it suffers from a lack of reliable sources. As I mentioned before, the author seems to be pretty willing to make leaps based on circumstantial evidence. We also have no real way of knowing what Chaloner was like, as we only have one biography of Chaloner, and even our author feels it is none too reliable. Still, as a historical sampler it does its job. If you don’t like the way one topic in it is handled, don’t worry too much. There are still plenty of other topics to try out and enjoy.
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Oct 13, 2010 Dan Vock rated it 4 of 5 stars

As you might imagine, this book covered a lot more ground than just a counterfeiting case. The reason I like books like this is because they show you how so many historic forces interact with each other. Newton argued with Locke, one of his best friends, over England's monetary policy. A plague in London may well be responsible for Newton's theory of gravity. And, of course, the case against the counterfeiter is a great window into the English legal system of the late 1600s. Considering how much...more

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Jan 17, 2011 David rated it 3 of 5 stars · review of another edition

This fine piece of writing, thoughoughly researched, reveals an Isaac Newton unknown to most casual students of English history, me included. Newton the scientist is revealed as Newton the indefatigable and relentless prosecutor, during his stint as Warden of the English Mint. In his zealous pursuit of counterfeiter William Chaloner, Sir Isaac crosses over justice's ethical line, but based upon standards of the era, perhaps he was only playing by the current rules.

Mr. Levenson has a pretty good...more

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Dec 27, 2009 Jeff rated it 3 of 5 stars

While this story is an enjoyable read, I kept waiting for the Counterfeiter to be more clever and capable than he really was. After giving us the greatest discoveries of his time, I looked for Newton to employ revolutionary new coin minting schemes and amazing detective methods. Not so much. In the end, it was simple brute force; interview, jail and threaten everyone. Newton's case against the Counterfeiter was a crushing parade of witness testimony, no physical evidence, no smoking press. That...more

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May 15, 2010 Jrobertus rated it 4 of 5 stars

The cover describes this as a book about Isaac Newton as a detective, and in a way it is. Mostly though, it a history about Newton and his times. The background about Newton's scientific accomplishment and genius is interesting. The context of the times, the birth of modern science, is interesting, Newton's fascination with alchemy and religious mysticism is interesting, and the story about English money, wars, re-coining and counterfeiting, and jurisprudence is interesting. As you can tell I fo...more

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May 13, 2011 Converse rated it 2 of 5 stars · review of another edition

Shelves: crime, history, biography, non-fiction

After revolutionizing physics and mathematics, Isaac Newton went on to become Master of the Royal Mint. The job was supposed to be a sinecure, but Newton took it seriously indeed. The main issues of the time were recoinage, in which new coins, harder to counterfeit, were issued, and tracking down and punishing (perhaps more violently than one would like?) those counterfeiting the older coins. Newton was involved in both aspects. Can't say the book greatly appealed to me, as it took me a long tim...more

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Feb 14, 2010 Mickey Hoffman rated it 3 of 5 stars

This book presents Isaac Newton as someone who'd be described nowadays as having bipolar disorder. I don't know if this is an accurate character description or not, but it was interesting. The stuff about the counterfeiting, not so much. There was some technical information about how coins were made and how they were faked but I couldn't really picture the processes. The book needs some illustrations.
The information about the justice system as it was in England at that time was eye-opening. Ap...more

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Feb 25, 2011 Snail in Danger (Sid) Nicolaides rated it 3 of 5 stars

Shelves: biography, science, history-of-knowledge, crime, economics

I thought that this was a good light biography of Newton. (I mean light in a positive sense, as in "not a doorstop with crufty excess detail.") But I thought that the alternating sections Newton, the counterfeiter, back to Newton, etc. didn't work well. The details on Chaloner's life are very sketchy by comparison.

I thought the scientific and bureaucratic phases of Newton's career were handled well. His theological writings didn't feel like they were covered in as much detail, but it was int...more

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Oct 22, 2012 Alex rated it 4 of 5 stars · review of another edition

Shelves: genre-history, ebooks-local

This was a fun book -- a combination biography of Newton, and a true crime story. Newton teaching himself how to run a criminal investigation was of particular interest; reading the records of this incredible scientific mind as he learned criminology on the job was fascinating. Many intellectuals and scientists could never pull it off, but Newton did a brilliant job as Warden of the Mint.

The setup as "Newton versus the counterfeiter Chaloner" seemed a little contrived. Newton didn't really seem...more

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Feb 14, 2013 Paul rated it 3 of 5 stars

Shelves: history, science, biography

I must say I was left a little disappointed after the initial excitement when I first picked up "Newton and the Counterfeiter".

Educational - yes. Levenson has certainly done his research on this little know aspect of Newton's career. Indeed, the book provides a very good biography covering the whole of his life.

Enjoyable - this is where I felt let down, for a number of reasons I think:
(a) the first half of the book is a prelude to Newton's time at the Mint. All very good background, but for a bo...more

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Dec 03, 2012 Melissa McCauley rated it 3 of 5 stars

I was hoping to love this book, but it took about ten times longer to read than a comparably sized fiction book, and was so dense with information I could only read about a chapter at a time before falling asleep. (Sorry, it’s true)

The first hundred or so pages are a thumbnail sketch of Newton’s life and work - and the author gets my kudos for distilling it down, as there have been possibly millions of pages written about Sir Isaac Newton and his monumental accomplishments. The remainder of the...more

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Mar 05, 2013 Victor Tatarskii rated it 4 of 5 stars

A meticulously researched account on prosecution of a mediocre criminal by Newton as Warden of the Mint.
Newton's career as Warden of the Mint, the person responsible for the Great Recoinage of 1696 is of course less known than his physics career, and so his role, as the Warden, in prosecution of counterfeiters is almost unknown to anybody, apart from a small circle of historians. Thomas Levenson does a very nice work in bringing this forgotten page to life in his book. It is centered on prosecut...more

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May 18, 2012 Mike rated it 3 of 5 stars

Really nice tale, but uneven - seems to alternate between hardcore history and story-telling which makes it an odd narrative. The strongest points of the book are in the extended (most of the book!) biographical sketches of Newton, Chaloner, and counterfeiting and coinage in the early modern era. Unfortunately the weakest parts of the text are in the topic of the title itself - while it lays a wonderful background for all the parties involved, the actual tale of the the interactions between them...more

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Sep 09, 2011 Joy rated it 5 of 5 stars

My father-in-law recommended this book to me last Christmas, and just a few days ago I got around to buying it for my Kindle. It is a fantastic read about Isaac Newton and specifically about a little-known part of his career as Warden of the Mint for England. Newton's life is covered briefly in the beginning, with a good review of his time at Cambridge and his work on the [i]Principia[/i], with some fascinating discussion about not only his physics and philosophy but also his interests in alchem...more

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Feb 23, 2011 Joe Informatico rated it 4 of 5 stars

Shelves: biography, crime, history, non-fiction, science

While Sir Isaac Newton's contributions to physics and mathematics are well-known, and his deep involvement with alchemy and the metaphysics of his day (both detailed in this book) fire the imaginations of modern-day mystics, less is heard of the vocation that would eventually earn him his knighthood: Warden (and later Master) of the Royal Mint.

In this historical narrative, Levenson writes the parallel lives of Newton, Warden of the Royal Mint, and William Chaloner, the counterfeiter and career...more

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Oct 27, 2012 Mike rated it 4 of 5 stars Recommends it for: Anyone

Natural Philosopher: today the phrase seems quaint; a relic of an older time when humankind’s understanding of the world was rudimentary. And it is true that when the scientific method and the major branches of science itself were being developed the distinctions between what we moderns think of as “science” and now-debunked studies (e.g. astrology, alchemy, magic and so on) were blurry or almost non-existent.

Philosophy of any kind was traditionally considered the act of learned or inquisitive m...more

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