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<book id="53982">
  <title><![CDATA[The Great Transformation: The Beginning of Our Religious Traditions]]></title>
  <isbn><![CDATA[0385721242]]></isbn>
  <isbn13><![CDATA[9780385721240]]></isbn13>
    <image_url>http://photo.goodreads.com/books/1170435181m/53982.jpg</image_url>
    <work>
  <best_book_id type="integer">53982</best_book_id>
  <books_count type="integer">18</books_count>
  <default_description>From Karen Armstrong, the bestselling author of &lt;i&gt;A History of God&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;The Spiral Staircase&lt;/i&gt;, comes this extraordinary investigation of a critical moment in the evolution of religious thought.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;In the ninth century BCE, events in four regions of the civilized world led to the rise of religious traditions that have endured to the present day--the development of Confucianism and Daoism in China, Hinduism and Buddhism in India, monotheism in Israel, and philosophical rationalism in Greece. Armstrong, one of our most prominent religious scholars, examines how these traditions began in response to the violence of their time. Studying figures as diverse as the Buddha and Socrates, Confucius and Jeremiah, Armstrong reveals how these still enduring  philosophies can help address our contemporary problems.</default_description>
  <id type="integer">2870476</id>
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  <original_publication_day type="integer" nil="true"></original_publication_day>
  <original_publication_month type="integer" nil="true"></original_publication_month>
  <original_publication_year type="integer">2006</original_publication_year>
  <original_title>The Great Transformation: The Beginning of Our Religious Traditions</original_title>
  <rating_dist>total:320|5:95|4:118|3:90|2:13|1:4|</rating_dist>
  <ratings_count type="integer">320</ratings_count>
  <ratings_sum type="integer">1247</ratings_sum>
  <reviews_count type="integer">724</reviews_count>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">84</text_reviews_count>
</work>

  <average_rating><![CDATA[3.90]]></average_rating>
  <ratings_count><![CDATA[285]]></ratings_count>
  <text_reviews_count><![CDATA[71]]></text_reviews_count>
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/53982.The_Great_Transformation_The_Beginning_of_Our_Religious_Traditions]]></url>
  <authors>
        <author id="2637">
      <name><![CDATA[Karen Armstrong]]></name>
      <role><![CDATA[]]></role>
      <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/2637.Karen_Armstrong]]></url>
      <average_rating><![CDATA[3.84]]></average_rating>
      <ratings_count><![CDATA[7212]]></ratings_count>
      <text_reviews_count><![CDATA[1295]]></text_reviews_count>
    </author>
      </authors>
    <reviews start="1" end="20" total="724">
    <review id="13563354">
    <user id="833489">
    <name><![CDATA[John]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Washington, DC]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/833489-john]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>3</rating>
  <votes>2</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Sun May 04 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Fri Jan 25 16:11:07 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat May 10 20:32:12 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[<em>The Great Transformation</em> argues that the core religious/philosophical traditions of several major civilizations -- China, India, Greece, and Israel -- emerged at about the same time, for the same reasons, and were preoccupied with the same ideas.  The time is what philosopher Karl Jaspers called the...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/13563354">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/13563354]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="45462124">
    <user id="1008236">
    <name><![CDATA[Bookmarks Magazine]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1008236-bookmarks-magazine]]></url>
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      <rating>0</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Thu Feb 05 09:47:43 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Thu Feb 05 09:47:43 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[<p>If you've already written God's biography (<em>A History of God</em>), surely it's a cakewalk to tackle the era before His ascendancy in theological affairs. But making sense of four disparate cultures and religious traditions in the space of 400 pages proves to be a risky proposition for Armstrong. Critics ...</p><a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/45462124">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/45462124]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="41882913">
    <user id="1864474">
    <name><![CDATA[Daniel]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Amsterdam, 07, Netherlands]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1864474-daniel]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Sun Jul 01 00:00:00 -0700 2007</read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Jan 04 15:49:24 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Wed May 06 14:51:21 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[In the Great Transformation, Karen Armstrong traces the origins and development of spiritual thought during the Axial Age. The Axial Age was a period between approximately 900 - 200 BC, in which new philosophical and religious concepts emerged in four disparate regions - namely China, India, Israel ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/41882913">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/41882913]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="38066120">
    <user id="1092863">
    <name><![CDATA['stina]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Houston, TX]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1092863-stina]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Sun May 18 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Tue Nov 18 12:53:27 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Nov 18 16:02:17 -0800 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Armstrong is a former Roman Catholic nun that writes about religion. She wrote a book before this one called &quot;The History of God&quot; that went into the development of Islam, Judaism and Christianity. This one goes further back to look at the parallels of religious development in Greece, India...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/38066120">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/38066120]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="23530350">
    <user id="238553">
    <name><![CDATA[Gphatty]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/238553-gphatty]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Sat Apr 01 00:00:00 -0800 2006</read_at>
  <date_added>Mon Jun 02 11:50:52 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Mon Jun 02 12:23:07 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[It seems like ages since I read this book, so this review is going to be a little mediocre.  My apologies.<br/><br/>Armstrong covers the historical foundations of the world's most important religions, which, co-incidentally enough, occurred within the same 500-year-span, worldwide.  Historians cal...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/23530350">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/23530350]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="20840088">
    <user id="214938">
    <name><![CDATA[Jon]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Minneapolis, MN]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/214938-jon]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>3</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Wed Apr 23 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Wed Apr 23 19:33:06 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Wed Apr 23 19:47:54 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[The Great Transformation<br/>by Karen Armstrong<br/><br/>If you want to read some history on the beginnings and best elements of world religions, here is 400 pages of it. Armstrong thoroughly explains how the Axial Age (900 to 200 BCE) was a quantum leap in spiritual development through sages bri...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/20840088">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/20840088]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="18569133">
    <user id="280383">
    <name><![CDATA[Matthew]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Honolulu, HI]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/280383-matthew]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
  <sell_flag>false</sell_flag>
  <spoiler_flag>false</spoiler_flag>
  <shelves>
      </shelves>
  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Thu Jun 22 00:00:00 -0700 2006</read_at>
  <date_added>Mon Mar 24 23:15:23 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Mon Mar 24 23:15:54 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Ms. Armstrong i guess left the convent to become a scolar of religious history. In this book, she traces the paralell development of the Axial Age, or the first Axial Age anyway. The books main ideas is that the four main religious/philosophocal traditions (buddhism/hinduism, monotheism [judaism/chr...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/18569133">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/18569133]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="10476857">
    <user id="686971">
    <name><![CDATA[Adam ]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Singapore, Singapore]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/686971-adam]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Sat Dec 15 15:18:53 -0800 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Dec 15 18:27:41 -0800 2007</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[ From The Washington Post's Book World/washingtonpost.com<br/>In 1948, the German philosopher Karl Jaspers coined the term &quot;Axial Age&quot; to denote an astonishing era, from roughly 900 B.C. to 200 B.C., in which the foundations of the world's great religions were laid. This was the time of S...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/10476857">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/10476857]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="8950506">
    <user id="439235">
    <name><![CDATA[Adam]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/439235-adam-snider]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>3</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
  <sell_flag>false</sell_flag>
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      </shelves>
  <recommended_for><![CDATA[Pretty Much Anyone.]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Mon Oct 01 00:00:00 -0700 2007</read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Nov 11 00:15:43 -0800 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sun Nov 11 00:25:08 -0800 2007</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Overall this is a good read - I picked it up in an English bookstore in Graz because I had already read her <u>A History of God</u> and <u>The Battle for God</u>.  Although the book is certainly written for a nonspecialist audience, it was well-researched without becoming bogged down in detail or footnotes.  Arms...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/8950506">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/8950506]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="51681625">
    <user id="999723">
    <name><![CDATA[Rod]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Bisbee, AZ]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/999723-rod]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>3</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
  <sell_flag>false</sell_flag>
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      </shelves>
  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Tue Mar 31 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Mon Apr 06 08:52:05 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Mon Apr 06 08:56:46 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I've liked everything that I've read by Armstrong and this is no exception.  Just three stars only because I found that the central premise did not really hold up in historical terms, but full of fascinating and relevant history and spiritual insights that may well help us now if we are willing to e...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/51681625">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/51681625]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="51803773">
    <user id="771919">
    <name><![CDATA[Kitti]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/771919-kitti]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
  <sell_flag>false</sell_flag>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Tue Apr 07 08:11:46 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Apr 07 08:19:51 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This was fascinating as well as eye opening. The author examines the origins of religion and follows them through their development into the modern-day religions that we practice.<br/><br/>Her  text definitely had me rethinking/questioning the nature of God and how I choose to worship him. This was ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/51803773">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/51803773]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="75169626">
    <user id="1091303">
    <name><![CDATA[Maureen]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Shelburne Falls, MA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1091303-maureen]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>2</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
  <sell_flag>false</sell_flag>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Tue Oct 20 15:56:00 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Oct 20 16:01:00 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Fine descriptive history, but no analysis of causative factors-- plenty of who what when and a dearth of attention devoted to the why and how of ideological evolution; since I was already familiar with most of the facts of the case, I found this of little interest as I had hoped for some explanatory...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/75169626">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/75169626]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="39576518">
    <user id="1572429">
    <name><![CDATA[Uma]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[India]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1572429-uma]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>0</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Mon Dec 08 01:01:23 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Mon Dec 08 01:02:46 -0800 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Have just got through the first fifty pages... AM hooked... This is a wonderful way of understanding how religion has come about in the current shape and form. Compared to a lot of the western accounts that I have read, Karen Armstrong is one of the few people who have got the Indian names and spell...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/39576518">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/39576518]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="57626711">
    <user id="95171">
    <name><![CDATA[John]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Canada]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/95171-john]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
  <sell_flag>false</sell_flag>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Thu May 28 10:59:46 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Thu May 28 11:01:54 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[A very helpful book for the history of the emergence of religious culture in India, in China, in Greece and in Judaism.  Here own interpretation (all religions begin as external worship and have transformed with the insight that inner truth is what matters) is much more simple-minded than the comple...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/57626711">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/57626711]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="13739499">
    <user id="840168">
    <name><![CDATA[Michel]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Gent, Belgium]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/840168-michel]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
  <sell_flag>false</sell_flag>
  <spoiler_flag>false</spoiler_flag>
  <shelves>
      </shelves>
  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Sun Jul 01 00:00:00 -0700 2007</read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Jan 27 14:12:32 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sun Jan 27 15:42:01 -0800 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Uitstekend. Een systematisch en chronologisch overzicht van de geschiedenis van filosofie achter de grote wereldgodsdiensten, tussen pakweg 800 en 200 voor Christus.<br/><br/>Zoals wel meer met boeken die ik heel goed vind: ik heb de indruk dat ik nu voor het eerst echt begin te begrijpen waar de ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/13739499">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/13739499]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="65605732">
    <user id="1828328">
    <name><![CDATA[Eric]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1828328-eric]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
  <sell_flag>false</sell_flag>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Thu Aug 20 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu Jul 30 19:52:34 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Aug 21 20:30:13 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I found the comparative approach, looking at the spirituality of different places during the same era, to be very illuminating. The version I listened to was read by the author. The way she said &quot;immediately&quot; like &quot;e-meeeeee-djed-lee&quot; was oddly thrilling. I especially enjoyed lea...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/65605732">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/65605732]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="54025049">
    <user id="1357136">
    <name><![CDATA[Robert]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[New York, NY]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1357136-robert]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>5</rating>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Tue May 12 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Apr 26 11:59:14 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue May 12 10:45:22 -0700 2009</date_updated>
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    <body><![CDATA[I have always been a fan of Karen Armstrong. Her History of God is a masterpiece of scholarship and religious inquiry. This book is equally as fascinating to me. She shows us all of the new scholarship about the world's oldest religions. The discussions and insights from looking at these, the world'...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/54025049">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/54025049]]></url>
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  <read_at>Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 -0800 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Tue Feb 03 21:21:36 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Feb 03 21:23:36 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[A detailed account of the change from animist religion of the pre 9th century BCE to the internally motivated religion starting in 8th century BCE. Surveys Greeks, Jews, India, and China. Dense but informative as to the history of jewish thought and its parallels in other religions.]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/45327648]]></url>
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  <read_at>Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 -0800 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu Jan 22 08:52:48 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Thu Jan 22 08:55:42 -0800 2009</date_updated>
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    <body><![CDATA[superb exploration of the great flowering of the vedic scriptures, the buddha, the greeks, taoism, the perennial wisdom which emerged in the few hundred years before Christ -<br/>another great book by perhaps the finest, certainly the most accessible and readable, religious historian ever -  ]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/43929198]]></url>
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    <name><![CDATA[Barry]]></name>
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  <read_at>Fri Mar 20 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Wed Oct 24 14:41:59 -0700 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Mar 20 13:44:44 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[The great spiritual thinkers of the axial age, Armstrong argues, pretty much all agreed on the need to eradicate one's egotism and live by some version of the golden rule (do unto others as you would have then do unto you). In doing so, one would experience something greater than oneself and one's o...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/8195853">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/8195853]]></url>
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