The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order

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The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order

3.53 of 5 stars 3.53 · rating details · 2,924 ratings · 245 reviews

This incisive, international bestselling exploration of the conflicts that have erupted since the fall of communism offers a provocative portrait of a future world driven not by ideologies or economics, but by ethnicity, religion, and other cultural forces. "Dazzling in its scope and grasp of the intricacies of contemporary global politics".--"The Wall Street Journal". Map...more

Paperback, 368 pages

Published May 31st 1997 by Touchstone (first published 1966)

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Jun 15, 2009 Huyen rated it 1 of 5 stars

Shelves: history-politics-religion

This is a masterpiece of scare mongering, not recommended for the faint of heart. Sage Huntington can make you groan inside: omg, tomorrow there will be a massive conspiracy between the democracy-hating Sinic and Islamic civilizations (whatever that means) to destroy our democracy, civilized society and freedom and push us back to the Dark Ages. Don’t you see how they’ve already started infiltrating the US government with an African Muslim communist called Obama? And hapless America will heroica...more

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Jan 03, 2009 William rated it 4 of 5 stars

"Clash of Civilizations" is an easy book to misread. Many have taken Huntington to task because he pessimistically forecasted a world of discord following the Cold War. The headlines of the past decade beg to differ.

The world according to Samuel Huntington was going to reset to its multi-polar default setting, each pole being the center of a culture/religion/ethnicity that had always existed in world history. The border regions between these centers were going to be fraught with friction and co...more

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Jun 05, 2008 Hans rated it 4 of 5 stars

Shelves: political

A pretty decent book. I enjoyed it and his thesis was intriguing though a little simplistic and not entirely original. We as westerners sure do have an obsession with breaking everything down into nice little neat packages so they can be better classified and studied. That is both the strength and weakness of this book. If only cultures and civilizations were so easy to just lump people together under one stereotype wow that would make the world much more predictable than it is. Alas the world i...more

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Jun 30, 2011 Franditya rated it 3 of 5 stars

Politik identitas etnis dan agama yang menjadi tren 10 tahun reformasi, nampaknya telah diramalkan HUntington sedari runtuhnya Blok Timur, Uni Soviet. Masa-masa perang antarnegara demi ide-ide besar telah usai, digantikan benturan antarmasyarakat berdasarkan identitas budaya, agama, dan etnis.

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Aug 04, 2011 Jacob Aitken added it

should have picked up Huntingdon's work earlier. It is awesome. He argues (or at least the structure of his thought necessarily suggests such) that the utopian vision of liberal democracy (whether right or left-wing) has failed miserably and that societies will revert back to their original civilizational paradigms.

By that he doesn't mean that societies will simply turn back the clock. Rather, the civilizations from which nation-states emerged have a stronger pull upon the states that some post-...more

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May 18, 2013 Vaso rated it 1 of 5 stars

Huntington refers to the post-Cold War era in his hypothesis that cultural differences in our international society will lead to conflict. He comments on the importance of borders among nation states and perpetuates the realist notion that cultural differences can only lead to conflict. Instead of embracing the differences that unite us, he states that some actors are bound to be more powerful, hence conflict is inevitable. When referring to the “great cultural divisions” he brings as the princi...more Huntington refers to the post-Cold War era in his hypothesis that cultural differences in our international society will lead to conflict. He comments on the importance of borders among nation states and perpetuates the realist notion that cultural differences can only lead to conflict. Instead of embracing the differences that unite us, he states that some actors are bound to be more powerful, hence conflict is inevitable. When referring to the “great cultural divisions” he brings as the principal example that of religious variance.
The reasoning behind his view on the current state of affairs is that fundamental cultural differences are “the product of centuries”, so they will not disappear any time soon. This statement incorrectly assumes that cultural values and traditions are innate and non-fluid. In extension, he claims that because of the rigidness of such values (that vary across different cultural groups) individuals will be less willing to shed their identity or their “civilization consciousness”. While this might be a valid point, it does not consequently account for his belief that there will be a power hierarchy, which will lead to conflict. The world does not inherently center around a constant quest for power.
Moreover, Huntington creates a divide among the West and what he considers to be the non-West. The notion of “the West and the Rest” is highly imperialistic and problematic. Ultimately, he divides our entire world into two categories, with the West being the predominant one. He commits a fallacy by such generalizations and this demonstrates his distorted definition of the concept of civilization. He states that divisions are natural without showing any actual evidence for this stream of consciousness. His imperialistic viewpoint ignores institutions other than religion that shape what he considers to be cultural identity. Additionally, he portrays an anti-Islamist attitude, which is conveyed through the notion that the simple “interaction between Islam and the West” can only be viewed as a clash of civilizations, due to the alleged attachment that Muslims have to their identity .
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Dec 30, 2012 Mikey B. rated it 5 of 5 stars

This is still a very valid book today. The author’s premise is that with the collapse of communism and the break-up of the Soviet Union, the Cold War is over and therefore we need a new paradigm in which to view our world. We are back to the basics of culture and religion.

Mr. Huntington constructs a frightful world; whereas, before, there could be rationality between liberal democracy and the communist block, the room for agreement between absolutist religions in the Islamic and Western Christia...more This is still a very valid book today. The author’s premise is that with the collapse of communism and the break-up of the Soviet Union, the Cold War is over and therefore we need a new paradigm in which to view our world. We are back to the basics of culture and religion.

Mr. Huntington constructs a frightful world; whereas, before, there could be rationality between liberal democracy and the communist block, the room for agreement between absolutist religions in the Islamic and Western Christian worlds are fraught with problems.

Russia is back to Orthodoxy and its peripheral borders are dangerous. As Mr. Huntington would say Russia has “Fault Lines” – with the Christian Catholic world in Northeast Europe, with Islam in the south and in Southeast Europe with both Islam and Christianity. The author talks at length of the emerging China and how its’ increasing power and geographical reach could lead to conflict with the West. China will become less subservient and the countries bordering it, like Japan, will need to redo their alliances.

The author is also adept at changing our perspective. The U.S. saw the defeat of the Soviet Union in Afghanistan as a victory for the West against communism, but the Islamic world viewed it as a successful religious jihad against a superpower. The West – and the U.S. in particular, seems unable to relinquish its Cold War paradigm. The U.S. (and I would include Canada) feels hubristically that the rest of the World wants to be like the West. There is much danger in this universalistic mentality.

The world has now become more complex with several competing powers, instead of two superpowers. With religion back in the equation, this adds an unstable emotional level when a conflict begins, or in most cases, when the conflict reasserts itself after a dormant period.

I take issue with Mr. Huntington on the universality of Human Rights. There are basic Human Rights, like gender equality and the evil of torture, which many view as “sacrosanct universal principals”. Many countries today do not adhere to these values, much to the detriment and dignity of their people. It is generally the rulers of these countries who disparage Human Rights as being a “Western Concept”. As a Chinese dissident said (to paraphrase): “If you are in a jail in China you will soon be asking for your rights, without worrying about whether they were “American” or “Chinese”.

This is an essential book for understanding the world and makes for illuminating reading. Many of us thought that with the end of the Cold War the world had become a safer and more humane planet – and we were all off to a better and greater way of living. As Mr. Huntington suggests the Cold War was just an ideological anomaly; we are back to fundamentals.

A favourite quote about the Soviet-Afghan war: “They [Islam] beat one of the world’s two superpowers and now their working on the second.”
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Oct 15, 2012 Vlad Alexandru rated it 5 of 5 stars · review of another edition

"Since its initial publication nearly fifteen years ago The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order has become a classic work of international relations and one of the most influential books ever written about foreign affairs. An insightful and powerful analysis of the forces driving global politics, it is as indispensable to our understanding of American foreign policy today as the day it was published. As former National Security Adviser Zbigniew Brzezinski says in his new forew...more

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Jun 10, 2012 David Withun rated it 3 of 5 stars

Shelves: politics

While I don't always agree with Huntington's conclusions and opinions -- and I sometimes dispute his "facts" -- I must say that this book is an excellent introduction to the issues that we, inhabitants of the world, face as the world continues to "shrink" and members of such a great variety of civilizations and cultures are brought closer and closer together. "The other" is often more different from ourselves -- and more difficult to really understand -- than most of us would like to admit. Two...more

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Apr 19, 2013 Xdyj rated it 4 of 5 stars

Shelves: non-fiction

Pretty well written, though imho many opinions in it might be oversimplified or overgeneralized. At least as someone growing up in the so-called "Sinic civilization", I can't imagine our future leaders to be stupid enough to ever directly challenge the west for world dominance. Finally IMO non-western cultures can be reformed to embrace "western" values like individual freedom and human rights, e.g. Japan and Taiwan, though such reforms could take decades and sometimes cost a lot of lives.

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Sep 15, 2011 Jan Hidders rated it 3 of 5 stars

There is no doubt that this is a must-read if you are interested in global politics. That does not mean that I think the book is right. Quite the contrary, I think the book is dangerously oversimplifying the current situation in world politics and trying to shoe-horn world events into a seductively simple-looking world view that, although advertised as a new paradigm, looks suspiciously like the cold-war paradigm on steroids. Since the human mind often prefers such simple explanations over more...more

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Aug 03, 2011 Frédéric Bey rated it 5 of 5 stars · review of another edition

Considérant que l'on avait tellement parlé de ce livre que l'on avait finit par oublié de le lire, je me suis lancé dans les 500 pages de son édition en poche (Odile Jacob).

Ecrit il y a 14 ans déjà, "Le choc des civilisation" est un livre capital pour comprendre le début du XXIe siècle, car il a profondément influé - c'est indéniable - la nature des relations internationales depuis la fin de la guerre froide, tant par l'adhésion parfois caricaturale qu'il a généré chez certains ou le rejet parfo...more

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Jul 28, 2011 Jakub Maly rated it 3 of 5 stars

The book is definitely worth reading because it kind of clarifies some motives behind US foreign policy.

Contains some very clever ideas and interesting research and statistics, but I was kind of repelled throughout the whole book by the main paradigm of an inevitable civilization clash. Also Huntington is pretending to present his ideas objectively, but this is not true - he is speaks as an advocate of western domination and is not giving suggestions to avoid the conflict, but rather prepare to...more

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Jul 25, 2011 Justin rated it 2 of 5 stars

This book, and others like it (such as Said's Orientalism) draws such broad and sweeping conclusions about subjects so complex and unquantifiable (international relations, human history), that it is condemned to trip over its own oversimplifications, questionable veracity, and leaps of logic in the course of presenting its thesis. That being said, there is a kernel of truth underlying many of the observations in Huntington's book, i.e., the logical progression of a universalist Weltanschauung to...more

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Apr 15, 2011 Sean de la Rosa rated it 3 of 5 stars

Huntingtons key claim is that the significant clashes of the future will arise from the interaction of Western arrogance, Islamic intolerance and Sinic assertiveness (many current events jump to mind as examples).

Civilisations supposedly go through a recurring process of emergence, rise and decline. People everywhere will increasingly define society in terms of culture as opposed to a uniting political creed - his predictions do not bode well for the US.

Ultimately, different societies that can...more

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Jan 02, 2011 Michael rated it 3 of 5 stars Recommends it for: Political scientists, political buffs, history students

Recommended to Michael by: David Johnson

Shelves: politics, popular-history

This is one of the founding texts of neo-conservatism, but it shouldn't be lightly dismissed as an ideological argument devoid of facts or scholarship. Huntington is, as Henry Kissinger reminds us on the back cover of my edition, an "eminent political scientist," who has done his homework and looked seriously at the post-Cold War world to consider what challenges the new world situation presented a dominant America just after the fall of the Soviet Union. He concluded that old political alliance...more This is one of the founding texts of neo-conservatism, but it shouldn't be lightly dismissed as an ideological argument devoid of facts or scholarship. Huntington is, as Henry Kissinger reminds us on the back cover of my edition, an "eminent political scientist," who has done his homework and looked seriously at the post-Cold War world to consider what challenges the new world situation presented a dominant America just after the fall of the Soviet Union. He concluded that old political alliances are breaking down in favor of cultural commonalities on a "civilizational" level - interestingly his civilizations are largely defined by religious tendencies. This allowed him to isolate Islam before most of his colleagues had as the likely "next threat" after Communism, although it does create some problems in terms of "mixed" cases like India (he seems to define it as a mix of Islamic and Hindu, ignoring the Buddhist influences) or South Africa (which he lumps in with other African nations, probably based on the fall of Apartheid and expectations of white flight, ignoring its alliance to "The West" through tradition). Huntington is not unaware that there are many conflicts within civilizations, as he defines them, but he insists that the civilizational paradigm will allow peacemakers to focus on such conflicts as have the potential to escalate into more serious wars (it would seem that civil wars within the "African civilization" which have escalated into genocide are not worthy of such close attention). Most interestingly, Huntington identifies Israel as unabashedly Western, ignoring the very reason for the foundation of the state in the first place - the disparity between Jews and Europeans and the consequent inability of Jews to live without their own national state.
In short, there are many problems with Huntington's position, but this is all the more reason why serious political thinkers should examine it for themselves, consider what aspects of his case make sense and where there are weaknesses. Paradoxically, moving away from the civilizational paradigm is more likely to offer solutions to civilizational conflicts, because what needs to be understood is not the differences among peoples, but their commonalities.(less)

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Aug 29, 2010 Al rated it 3 of 5 stars

Huntington's widely acclaimed and referenced work which contends that the world's major concern is not contention between nation, but between civilizations (or, cultures). First published in 1996, it was somewhat controversial, but now his thesis has wide acceptance, at least in general terms. Like many books of this type,
it was based on an article (in this case, in Foreign Affairs in 1993), and it could have been much shorter. Still, it's well-researched and comprehensive.
So, what's the big i...more

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Jul 21, 2010 Seth rated it 4 of 5 stars

The thesis was so simple it was as if I had always believed it but I was unfair to take credit for assuming the simplicity was something that I had synthesized prior to reading the book.

Huntington, clarifies what seems so obvious. That the world clusters by civilizational boundaries. People tend to fight with or against one another based upon multiple cultural factors that make up one's civilizational heritage rather than superficial borders created by a nation state. Thus, Democracy and Commun...more

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Mar 10, 2010 Mark rated it 3 of 5 stars

Shelves: geography, history, political-thought

Huntington challenged my thinking on several issues:
1. Culture at the macro, or "civilizational" level plays a fundamental role in global politics - including conflict. In fact, it plays a more enduring role than ideology.

2. Western culture isn't necessarily destined to become universal (I admit that I believed - and still do sometimes - otherwise), in fact, Western civilization is in fact in decline based on several measures such as population, wealth, political, and military influence.

3. Confl...more Huntington challenged my thinking on several issues:
1. Culture at the macro, or "civilizational" level plays a fundamental role in global politics - including conflict. In fact, it plays a more enduring role than ideology.

2. Western culture isn't necessarily destined to become universal (I admit that I believed - and still do sometimes - otherwise), in fact, Western civilization is in fact in decline based on several measures such as population, wealth, political, and military influence.

3. Conflicts are less likely to be resolved when they are between civilizations that don't have a "core state." For example, Islamic culture currently lacks a "core state" and that, according to the author, will make it less likely that conflicts between elements of this culture will avoid armed conflict and when involved in armed conflict they will be less likely to resolve these conflicts.

These are just three of Mr. Huntington's ideas that challenged my assumptions and my "paradigm" about the world and armed conflict. I don't think the author gives enough credit to societies that really do seem to be functioning as cultural melting pots - like the United States - or even the experience of peoples who change on a civilizational level. He doesn't address how civilizational culture changes and develops - he mainly points out it's near primacy in conflict.

I was challenged by this book, therefore I loved it! The only reason I didn't give it 5 stars is that the author's premise begged some questions that he didn't address such as the one I already mentioned about how civilizations develop and change. What exactly is this process and can a civilization consciously change itself? He lifts up Kemal Attaturk's Turkey as an example of fundamental cultural shifts being nearly impossible. But, I want to know what role incremental change plays. What role in modern Hindu civilization did Western culture play? - re: the british colonization. Likewise, is Attaturk's Turkey really an example of failed civilizational realignment? or is it a positive example of incremental and fundamental reformation of a civilizational culture?

I have to believe that deep cultural values can change. I do believe that in fact, western culture is superior in many ways (but by no means all ways) to more traditional cultures. Especially when it comes to equality for women and minorities, rule of law, property rights, and other fundamental western civilizational ideals. However, I now realize that my belief isn't self evident to the rest of the world and that in fact, my civilizational culture isn't destined to be adopted by the world. I thoroughly enjoyed this book because of the insights provided, the challenge to my thinking it caused, and the burning questions it begs. Certainly Huntington's views are a valuable and have some demonstrable explanatory power. Just as certainly, he isn't the final word on the subject and his insights may help us form questions, shape policies, and frame issues in ways that will help us to navigate our way in a world where Western Civilization is no longer ascendent. (less)

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Mar 27, 2013 Joseph rated it 4 of 5 stars

The weight and value of this book, along with Fukuyama's End of History and other wide-reaching post-Cold War theses, is to attempt to understand the new dynamics emerging in a new world. Critiques deplore the simplicity of such an approach -- dividing the world into sloppy poles, as Huntington does, or into two distinct "historical" divides, as Fukuyama does -- but these critiques miss that the value of this inquiry is to try to understand. The "civilizational fault lines" that Huntington draws...more

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Mar 14, 2011 Ibrahim Alhosani rated it 3 of 5 stars

كتاب صدام الحضارات ن الكتاب الذي أشعل الجدل و لم يطفئه .

و سبب إهتمامي بهذا الكتاب ، هو ما قادني أن أعمل بحث بعشرين صفحة عن محتواه لمادة التاريخ في المدرسة .

كتاب كتبه أحد رجالات المحافظين الجدد و أحد رسامين الإستراتيجية الأميركية في العشرين عاما الماضية.

تحدث هنتغتون عن الكثير من المواضيع ، إذ تحدث عن طبيعة العلاقة بين الحضارات و موقفها حاضرا و شكلها مستقبلا.

لا أستغرب عدائية الكاتب تجاه الإسلام ، إذ تراهم يظهرهم عدائيين و همج ، و بالمقابل لم يذكر اليهود أو حتى اسم إسرائيل قط.

و لكن للأمانة ، ذكر هن...more

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Nov 04, 2011 Danijel Brestovac rated it 4 of 5 stars

Človek se zamisli, če je to vse res. In če je res, potem je res nekaj narobe z nami.

Dojel sem, da skozi vso zgodovino borb in preživetij, je bila ena borba najbolj pogosta. Borba za moč! Pri vsej tej moči so se borili zaradi določenih veljakov, ki so skozi religijo, narodnost in prepričanje vodili večino v smrt. Mislim, da se tudi danes lahko najdejo vzporednice za takšna dejanja.

Prebral sem jo, dolgo želeno in pričakovano knjigo oz. bolje rečeno, sem jo poslušal kot avdio knjigo.

Je pa knjiga pi...more

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Aug 27, 2011 Rashed Alzahrani rated it 4 of 5 stars · review of another edition

تقييمي بشكل عام للكتاب انه ممتاز واستفادتي منه كانت كبيرة.

يقسم المؤلف -بإختصار شديد- كتابه إلى خمسة أقسام رئيسية ذات تسلسل وتدرج منطقي حيث:
- يبدأ بطرح تعريفات الحضارة ومكوناتها وأسس الهويات فيها ومفاهيم الصراعات الثقافية الكبرى.
- ثم ينتقل إلى الحديث عن الضعف الذي سيطرأ على الثقافة الغربية في ميزان القوة العسكرية والاقتصادية والسكانية لصالح القوى الشرقية والإسلامية.
- ثم الحديث عن نظام الحضارات الناشئ والتفاف الدول ذات الثقافات المتقاربة حول "دول المركز".
- ثم يأتي إلى مناقشة فكرة الصدام الحضاري...more

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Dec 06, 2008 Kat rated it 3 of 5 stars Recommends it for: insomniacs

Recommended to Kat by: Vincent Hartman

Amazing thesis for the political/intellectual elite disconnected with reality. I´m not convinced we should espouse overly-simplified paradigms to guide foreign or domestic policy. History is great to cite, but I´ve always found this world a little more complex and less predictable than say a Huntington would make it seem. Or, should we approve in giving our USA leaders a quick justification to fight in the name of Christianity? Why is Separation of Church and State always conveniently left out?...more

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Oct 20, 2007 James rated it 3 of 5 stars Recommends it for: Politicians and History buffs

I have not read this entire book, just a number of chapters and excerpts for papers in school. Being a history major and having interest in political science, this is a key work for the modern, post communist world. However, Historians do not give much respect to huntington because they disagree with the predictability aspect that Huntington poses. Well, that among other things. Most of my history teachers tore him up.

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Sep 26, 2012 Kislay Verma rated it 4 of 5 stars · review of another edition

Excerpts from my review at SolomonSays:

The central idea of this book is that in the post-Cold war world, the world will be organized increasingly along cultural or civilizational lines, and the greatest conflicts will be those among different civilizations. Countries and peoples will increasingly define their allies and enemies on cultural basis, and this will lead to emergence of a geo-politics reminiscent of spheres of influence politics of the World War I era. And these civilizational affilia...more Excerpts from my review at SolomonSays:

The central idea of this book is that in the post-Cold war world, the world will be organized increasingly along cultural or civilizational lines, and the greatest conflicts will be those among different civilizations. Countries and peoples will increasingly define their allies and enemies on cultural basis, and this will lead to emergence of a geo-politics reminiscent of spheres of influence politics of the World War I era. And these civilizational affiliations will only strengthen as the countries of these civilizations rise in economic stature.

Huntington’s thesis is posited squarely against the decidedly pro-western Francis Fukuyama, who in his
The End of History and the Last Man proposed that capitalism and liberal democracy are the highest forms of economic and social organization available to humanity, and that in arriving at them, we have reached the end of history. TCOC rubbishes this by saying that although the former systems have worked fine for the west over the last 400 years, it is the pro-active imposition of these on the rest of the world that creates tensions between the west and the rest.

For all the apparent solidity of TCOC’s theory and its apparent concurrence with the event happening around the world, it misses the crucial trend of modern world order. The modern world is a messy place, with all sorts of ideas and trends. It is true that similar cultures facilitate easier relationships, but the new powers are more than willing to cross the cultural lines in order to secure and maintain their blistering economic growth. The politics is increasingly local, but it is not necessarily aligned of civilizational axes.

In this sense, Huntington falls into the same trap as Fukuyama. His theory is no doubt far more broad based and valid, but it makes the mistake of asserting that it is the only way international relations will play out. We may have arrived at the end of history, but only in the sense that all meaningful paradigms of governance and foreign relations have been discovered. Empowered nations use all of these as it suits them best, and do not necessarily favour their cultural kin.

The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of the World Order is an insightful and thought-provoking look into the trends of international politics in the 1990s. The theories presented here remains extremely relevant to understanding the world around us as of this writing. It is a recommended read for anyone with an interest in world affairs.(less)

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Oct 12, 2012 Pavlov Krugman rated it 5 of 5 stars

Shelves: politics, economy

Huntington was not unfair at all in this book. Even he was justified about Islam and its bloody mentality. We have a lot examples which justify to Huntington. For instance, the September 11 attacks, the crisis of caricature about a Islam prophet Mohammed, the events of Salman Rushdie,he wrote ‘the Satanic Verses’ in 1989 and the leadar of Iran Khomeini was announced ‘he is an apostate’, the massacre of Sıvas and Maras. At the same time, Islam’s holy book as a Quran has a hatred nucleus and this...more

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Jun 23, 2012 Gordon rated it 4 of 5 stars

Shelves: coe, economics-human-behavior, international-relations, military-history

Outstanding. A very structured, extremely well-researched approach to analyzing international relations and conflict. I am glad I picked this up again after starting it years ago. At a distance of 15 years from initial publishing, I find it amazing at how relevant and current Samuel Huttington's approach and paradigm still are (civilizations, cultures, conflict (inter / intra), core states, band-wagoning vs balancing..., etc.). His predictions of internal struggles of Islamic countries due to de...more

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Dec 23, 2012 Youssef Al Amri rated it 2 of 5 stars · review of another edition

في عام ١٩٩٦ ألف الكاتب صامويل هانتجتون كتابه صدام الحضارات بعد أن أثار
مقال كتبه عام ١٩٩٣ بنفس العنوان جدلا كبيرافأحب أن يناقش أفكاره بشكل أوسع بطرحه هـذا الكتاب
وكالمقال أثار الكتاب جدل أوسع في انحاء العالم وخاصة بعد أحداث ١١ سبتمبر.

وتبدأ النسخة العربية بمقدمة المترجموالتي فند فيها أفكار الكتاب واعترض على طرحه
مما جعلني أشعر بعدم الرغبة في قراءته فكنت أتمنى لوأجل المترجم تحليله لنهاية الكتاب
وترك للقاريء حرية التحليل والاستنتاج.

أهم الأفكار التي طرحها صامويل هانتجتون في كتابه هي كالتالي:

١- يعرف...more

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Oct 22, 2012 Ayman Alrefai rated it 3 of 5 stars · review of another edition

Shelves: policy

صدام الحضارات لصاموئيل هنتنغتون

بعد قراءة الكتاب أجد نفسي اتساءل: (هل الكتاب من طرح فكرة صدام الحضارات، أم أن الفكرة المقررة مسبقاً هي من استلزمت وجود هذا الكتاب.)
في كم تحليلي عميق واطلاع تاريخي كبير لا يمكن اغفاله مطلقاً، يقوم صموائيل هنتنغتون بعرض محاور واطراف الصراعات العالمية وبخاصة ابان الحرب الباردة وما بعدها، عارضاً بعض الخصائص الخاصة عن تلك الثقافات او الحضارات المتصارعة او المتناحرة، او حتى تلك المتحالفة والتي تسمى بالمؤثرة، مستطرداً في ابراز الجانب الثقافي والحضاري المؤثر والمتفوق على ا...more صدام الحضارات لصاموئيل هنتنغتون

بعد قراءة الكتاب أجد نفسي اتساءل: (هل الكتاب من طرح فكرة صدام الحضارات، أم أن الفكرة المقررة مسبقاً هي من استلزمت وجود هذا الكتاب.)
في كم تحليلي عميق واطلاع تاريخي كبير لا يمكن اغفاله مطلقاً، يقوم صموائيل هنتنغتون بعرض محاور واطراف الصراعات العالمية وبخاصة ابان الحرب الباردة وما بعدها، عارضاً بعض الخصائص الخاصة عن تلك الثقافات او الحضارات المتصارعة او المتناحرة، او حتى تلك المتحالفة والتي تسمى بالمؤثرة، مستطرداً في ابراز الجانب الثقافي والحضاري المؤثر والمتفوق على الجانب الذي يرغب في الحضارة التي ينتمي اليها، والاتهام والهجوم على تلك التي يكره، متسلحاً بشيء من النقد الذاتي الخجول لحضارته "الغرب" حتى يتسم خطابه ولو صورياً بالحيادية والموضوعية.
لكنه حقيقية رغم اكباري لبعض التحاليل السياسية لبعض الاحداث ودرايته ببعض خصائص الحضارات التي تحدث عنها ، الا ان هنتنغتون يجهل عن الحضارات التي تكلم عنها وطبيعتها اكثر مما يعلم.
ولكن ما حاول تاكيده هي عدة نقاط اساسية وهي الهدف الذي وجد لاجله الكتاب:
1) تفوق الحضارة الغربية وعالميتها، والمحاولة المستميتة لاظهارها بانها حضارة واحدة كونية متفوقة ذات وشائج ومقومات لا يمتلكها غيرها لذا امتلكت خاصية التاثير التي يفتقدها غيرها من الحضارات.
2) مرحلة الصراع القادم بعد الحرب الباردة هي بين الغرب المتفوق وبين ايديولوجيات الشرق الصاعدة والمحملة بالعداء للغرب، وبشكل خاص الصين والاسلام.
3) الاعتراف بالحضارة الاسلامية على استحياء كحضارة تاريخية كانت يوما ما، ووسمها بالتطرف والاصولية والفكر المنحاز للعصبية الدينية بعيد عن كل القيم الثقافية والخلقية والحضارية.
4) التركيز على وحدة العالم الغربي والغزل الكبير لاوربا للبقاء في صف الولايات المتحدة الامريكية وتحميل امريكا الواجب في الحفاظ على ترابطها الغربي اذا ارادت الاستمرار كقوة كونية.
5) ان سياسة الاستعمار المباشر القديمة، واستغلال الشعوب وضربها ببعضها البعض والتي كانت تحت شعار (فرق تسد)، يجب ان ترقى وتخضع لعملية تطوير في قالب جديد يحمل شعار (صدام الحضارات) للسعي الى ضرب هذه الشعوب داخليا باثارة الاختلافات الدينية والمذهبية والفكرية، ومن ثم ضربها بجيرانها، او خلق اتحادات اقليمية ببعض الجيران لضرب الجيران الاخرين تحت وطأة الاختلافات الثقافية في مفهوم اوسع لروابط الدين والمذهب والعرق.
كل ذلك في خطوة جديدة للغرب لاعادة بسط سيطرته ونفوذه باسلوب جديد وفق مقتضيات الظروف الراهنة من هبوط وانهيار لسلطته ونفوذه امام التحولات الدولية والقوى الصاعدة في الشرق، وذلك من خلال اعادة هيكلة التوزع العالمي للثقافات واعادة تشكيل خارطة العالم السياسية منعاً لنشوء حضارة سامية جديدة تضم ثقافات مختلفة في بوتقة حضارية واحدة.(less)

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Samuel Phillips Huntington is an American political scientist who gained prominence through his "Clash of Civilizations"(1993, 1996) thesis of a new post-Cold War world order. Previously, his academic reputation had rested on his analysis of the relationship between the military and the civil government, his investigation of coups d'etat and for his more recent analysis of threats posed to the U.S...more

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