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<book id="3450744">
  <title><![CDATA[Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness]]></title>
  <isbn><![CDATA[014311526X]]></isbn>
  <isbn13><![CDATA[9780143115267]]></isbn13>
  <work>
  <best-book-id type="integer">2527900</best-book-id>
  <books-count type="integer">6</books-count>
  <default-description>Every day we make decisions on topics ranging from the personal investments we select to the schools we pick for our children to the foods we eat to the causes we champion. Unfortunately, as authors Richard H. Thaler and Cass R. Sunstein astutely observe, we don&amp;#8217;t always choose well. The reason, the authors explain, is that we all are susceptible to cognitive biases and blunders that make us human, fallible, and prone to error.
Thaler and Sunstein invite us to enter an alternative world, one that recognizes our humanness as a given. They show that the way we think can be used to our advantage: it is possible to design environments that make it more likely for us to act in our own interests. Using colorful examples from all aspects of life, Thaler and Sunstein demonstrate how &quot;choice architecture&quot; can be established to nudge us in beneficial directions without restricting the full menu of choices available to us.
&lt;i&gt;Nudge&lt;/i&gt; offers a unique new take; from neither the left nor the right; on many hot-button issues, and is one of the most engaging and provocative books to come along in years. - Publisher statement</default-description>
  <id type="integer">2535409</id>
  <media-type nil="true"></media-type>
  <original-language-id type="integer" nil="true"></original-language-id>
  <original-publication-day type="integer">8</original-publication-day>
  <original-publication-month type="integer">4</original-publication-month>
  <original-publication-year type="integer">2008</original-publication-year>
  <original-title>Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness</original-title>
  <rating-dist>total:801|5:101|4:334|3:288|2:66|1:12|</rating-dist>
  <ratings-count type="integer">801</ratings-count>
  <ratings-sum type="integer">2849</ratings-sum>
  <reviews-count type="integer">2121</reviews-count>
  <text-reviews-count type="integer">230</text-reviews-count>
</work>

  <average_rating><![CDATA[3.56]]></average_rating>
  <ratings_count><![CDATA[57]]></ratings_count>
  <text_reviews_count><![CDATA[10]]></text_reviews_count>
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/3450744.Nudge_Improving_Decisions_About_Health_Wealth_and_Happiness]]></url>
  <authors>
        <author id="62303">
      <name><![CDATA[Cass R. Sunstein]]></name>
      <role><![CDATA[]]></role>
      <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/62303.Cass_R_Sunstein]]></url>
      <average_rating><![CDATA[3.56]]></average_rating>
      <ratings_count><![CDATA[1027]]></ratings_count>
      <text_reviews_count><![CDATA[272]]></text_reviews_count>
    </author>
        <author id="65483">
      <name><![CDATA[Richard H. Thaler]]></name>
      <role><![CDATA[]]></role>
      <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/65483.Richard_H_Thaler]]></url>
      <average_rating><![CDATA[3.57]]></average_rating>
      <ratings_count><![CDATA[818]]></ratings_count>
      <text_reviews_count><![CDATA[235]]></text_reviews_count>
    </author>
      </authors>
  <reviews start="1" end="20" total="2117">
    <review id="45718497">
  <user id="175635">
    <name><![CDATA[Trevor]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Melbourne, Australia]]></location>        
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    <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>5</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Feb 08 02:46:44 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sun Mar 22 04:09:32 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This one took me longer to read that is reasonable for a book of its length or the clear style it is written in.  I mean, such a simply written text of 250 pages ought to have finished in no time.  The problem was that I don’t live in the US and so many of the examples made the book a struggle for...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/45718497">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/45718497?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="20504052">
  <user id="166376">
    <name><![CDATA[David]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[San Francisco, CA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/166376-david?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>3</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Wed Oct 22 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Fri Apr 18 20:48:41 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Wed Oct 22 15:41:10 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This is a terrific book. The authors cover terrain which has been explored recently in a whole slew of books: loosely speaking, why we humans persistently engage in behavior patterns which do not benefit us in the long term. Their own research, at the University of Chicago, builds upon the work of  ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/20504052">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/20504052?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="25612550">
  <user id="1275546">
    <name><![CDATA[Chris]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[New York, NY]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1275546-chris?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>2</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Mon Aug 18 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu Jun 26 18:21:33 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Mon Aug 18 20:03:00 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I second-guessed my purchase of Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein's Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness, almost the minute I received my Amazon e-mail receipt -- I had already read Malcom Gladwell's Blink, and heard about the literary disaster that is Sway, and yet there I ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/25612550">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/25612550?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="21585200">
  <user id="83507">
    <name><![CDATA[Nina]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[New York, NY]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/83507-nina?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>3</rating>
  <votes>2</votes>
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  <read_at>Sun Jun 01 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Sun May 04 14:29:08 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Mon Jun 30 19:23:45 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I really like a lot of the ideas presented in this book.  I completely agree with their major points - that policies should pay close attention to the default option, and that one of the most effective ways of helping people make good decisions is complete and clearly presented disclosure.  I know I...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/21585200">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/21585200?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="38808533">
  <user id="291061">
    <name><![CDATA[Seth]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Cambridge, MA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/291061-seth?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>2</rating>
  <votes>1</votes>
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  <read_at>Fri Nov 28 00:00:00 -0800 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Fri Nov 28 10:12:29 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Nov 28 10:34:11 -0800 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This is one of those rare combinations of a book that is both banal and ennervating. It is not ennervating because it is popular, but rather because it is based on a flawed premise for how we should go about improving the world. Its banality stems from the fact that it seems to circumscribe the impr...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/38808533">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/38808533?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="46714005">
  <user id="1717479">
    <name><![CDATA[Terry]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Feasterville Trevose, PA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1717479-terry?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[policy wonks]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[I think it was Ars Technica]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Sun Feb 15 00:00:00 -0800 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Tue Feb 17 22:00:45 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Feb 17 22:08:08 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count>1</read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[The book focuses on cases where simple changes in choice architecture (how people are exposed to options) can create significant changes in behavior.  The authors immediately recognize this could be used &quot;for evil&quot; as it were or against the chooser such as arranging food in a cafeteria so ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/46714005">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/46714005?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="74955686">
  <user id="1655177">
    <name><![CDATA[Anya]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Somerville, MA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1655177-anya?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>2</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Sun Oct 18 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Oct 18 16:11:01 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sun Oct 18 16:27:00 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I don't understand why this is a runaway bestseller--it's just not that enthralling. I've been reading lots of books lately about behavioral psychology and economics: why people make the decisions we do, economically and in other life areas. But <a href="http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6062899.Predictably_Irrational_Revised_and_Expanded_Edition_The_Hidden_Forces_That_Shape_Our_Decisions" title="Predictably Irrational, Revised and Expanded Edition  The Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions by Dan Ariely">Predictably Irrational</a> and <a href="http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/69242.Made_to_Stick_Why_Some_Ideas_Survive_and_Others_Die" title="Made to Stick  Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die by Chip Heath">Made to Stick</a> both explore ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/74955686">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/74955686?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="73698320">
  <user id="556887">
    <name><![CDATA[Matt]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Columbia, MO]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/556887-matt?utm_medium=api]]></url>
  </user>
    <rating>3</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Tue Oct 06 20:08:52 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Oct 06 20:15:33 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I'm a little torn-- I feel like I've read a lot of the stories from the psych section before, probably in _Freakanonics_ because I'm not a regular reader of pop economics texts, and it creates a(n unfounded?) suspicion that if you need to refer to one anecdote whenever you try to demonstrate a point...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/73698320">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/73698320?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="66540119">
  <user id="2605305">
    <name><![CDATA[Orton Family Foundation]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Middlebury, VT]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/2605305-orton-family-foundation?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>5</rating>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 -0800 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Fri Aug 07 08:50:43 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Aug 07 10:21:24 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[If you’re like most Americans, chances are you made a New Year’s resolution to hit the gym, lay off the smokes or eat more green vegetables. And again, if you’re anything like most Americans, chances are you and your resolution parted ways sometime around Valentine’s Day. Take heart: you’r...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/66540119">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/66540119?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="54058780">
  <user id="1725471">
    <name><![CDATA[Gordon]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1725471-gordon?utm_medium=api]]></url>
  </user>
    <rating>5</rating>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Apr 26 17:08:12 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sun Apr 26 17:10:13 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Part of the flood of books on behavioral economics that have come out in the last few years, this book synthesizes a lot of excellent research in the field – including research by the authors themselves.  The fathers of this whole field, based on research that first published in the 1970’s, are ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/54058780">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/54058780?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="53954215">
  <user id="151063">
    <name><![CDATA[Sarah]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/151063-sarah?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>4</rating>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Wed Apr 01 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Sat Apr 25 16:01:49 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Apr 25 16:18:03 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[As someone who agonizes over some decisions, goes with my gut on others, and actively avoids making choices in certain areas in my life, I was intrigued by this book's premise.  In essence, the authors explore the external forces guiding our decision-making and proposes ways to channel those forces ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/53954215">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/53954215?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="69967107">
  <user id="2004056">
    <name><![CDATA[MsSmartiePants]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[San Jose, CA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/2004056-mssmartiepants-like-the-candy?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Mon Aug 17 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu Sep 03 15:17:54 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Sep 08 14:17:09 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This is a good book!  I'm surprised because I was only marginally enthused about reading it.  After slogging through the first chapter, the book improved exponentially with anecdotal stories illustrating the problems and possible solutions available via &quot;Liberal Paternalism&quot;.  <br/>Now TH...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/69967107">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/69967107?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="55673219">
  <user id="406005">
    <name><![CDATA[MCOH]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/406005-mcoh?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>3</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Tue May 19 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Mon May 11 09:37:34 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue May 19 16:13:14 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Similar to, but not nearly as fun as Freakonomics, Malcolm Gladwell's books, The Paradox of Choice, or some other books I've read lately.  This book is less geared towards the average layperson than to policy makers, employers, and others in a position of influence.  <br/><br/>The central thesis o...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/55673219">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/55673219?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="63354028">
  <user id="18910">
    <name><![CDATA[Cendri]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Stanford, CA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/18910-cendri?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Thu Jul 23 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Mon Jul 13 17:34:01 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Thu Jul 23 20:48:01 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Begin back-cover quote cliches: A thought-provoking book... A must-read for economists, politicians, and social scientists alike...A fascinating look into the meaning of free-choice...A brilliant and timely analysis of many of society's most pressing problems and potential solutions... End back-cove...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/63354028">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/63354028?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="40233472">
  <user id="1808587">
    <name><![CDATA[d.school]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Stanford, CA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1808587-d-school-hasso-plattner-institute-of-design-at-stanford?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>5</rating>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Wed Nov 26 00:00:00 -0800 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Tue Dec 16 11:16:29 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Dec 16 11:21:21 -0800 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[i thought this book was fantastic in the sense that it is going to help me frame any project i do that aims to change human behavior. it showcases the power of a very small change to what you're doing for the purposes of reaping huge benefits. my favorite example was in the field of home power usage...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/40233472">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/40233472?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="71354602">
  <user id="532673">
    <name><![CDATA[Catherine]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[San Francisco, CA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/532673-catherine-longworth-shaw?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>5</rating>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Thu Sep 17 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Tue Sep 15 18:12:51 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Thu Sep 17 14:30:05 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[My hubby picked up this book at the airport this summer and I was so intriqued by it, that I snatched it up for myself to read, too.  This book's main hope is &quot;that an understanding of choice architecture, and the power of nudges, will lead others to think of creative ways to improve human live...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/71354602">more...</a>]]></body>
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</review>
    <review id="58041995">
  <user id="81047">
    <name><![CDATA[Maggie]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Somerville, MA]]></location>        
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    <rating>4</rating>
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  <date_added>Mon Jun 01 05:44:04 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sun Jun 21 14:01:36 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[The authors of Nudge promote &quot;libertarian paternalism&quot; - basically, ways to guide or &quot;nudge&quot; people towards better decisions without taking away their freedom of choice. Nudges they espouse include providing decision makers with easy-to-understand information, creating incentives...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/58041995">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/58041995?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="50526328">
  <user id="2164615">
    <name><![CDATA[Yoni]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Medford, MA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/2164615-yoni-samlan?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>4</rating>
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  <read_at>Sat Apr 11 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu Mar 26 11:49:13 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Apr 17 11:32:49 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Bizarrely similar to software user interface design books I've read. The dominant message is &quot;people are impatient and impulsive,&quot; and &quot;set sensible defaults.&quot;<br/><br/>Some great low-hanging fruit as examples (fixing medicare part D so it defaults to saving seniors money, for ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/50526328">more...</a>]]></body>
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</review>
    <review id="62095418">
  <user id="89493">
    <name><![CDATA[Carole]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Seattle, WA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/89493-carole?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>4</rating>
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  <read_at>Sat Jul 18 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Fri Jul 03 23:56:52 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Jul 18 14:32:14 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I liked this book. I was expecting something a little more Malcom Gladwellian. In fact, this is pretty dense reading with small print and lots of footnotes.<br/><br/>The authors describe themselves as &quot;libertarian paternalists.&quot; Their idea is that governments and private institutions can...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/62095418">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/62095418?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="39382033">
  <user id="1771000">
    <name><![CDATA[Catherine]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Louisville, KY]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1771000-catherine?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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    <rating>0</rating>
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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Fri Dec 05 12:05:29 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Dec 05 12:11:18 -0800 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I am in the middle of this book.  I had to take it back to the library because I ran out of time and someone else wanted it.  So I am still on the wait list to get it back.  My main thought so far about this book is that it is sort of like that book Social Intelligence.  I mean, a lot of the stuff i...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/39382033">more...</a>]]></body>
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