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<book id="336060">
  <title><![CDATA[Elements of Semiology]]></title>
  <isbn><![CDATA[0374521468]]></isbn>
  <isbn13><![CDATA[9780374521462]]></isbn13>
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  <default_description>&quot;In his Course in General Linguistics, first published in 1916, Saussure postulated the existence of a general science of signs, or Semiology, of which linguistics would form only one part. Semiology, therefore aims to take in any system of signs, whatever their substance and limits; images, gestures, musical sounds, objects, and the complex associations of all these, which form the content of ritual, convention or public entertainment: these constitute, if not languages, at least systems of signification . . . The Elements here presented have as their sole aim the extraction from linguistics of analytical concepts which we think a priori to be sufficiently general to start semiological research on its way. In assembling them, it is not presupposed that they will remain intact during the course of research; nor that semiology will always be forced to follow the linguistic model closely. We are merely suggesting and elucidating a terminology in the hope that it may enable an initial (albeit provisional) order to be introduced into the heterogeneous mass of significant facts. In fact what we purport to do is furnish a principle of classification of the questions. These elements of semiology will therefore be grouped under four main headings borrowed from structural linguistics: I. Language and Speech; II. Signified and Signifier; III. Syntagm and System; IV. Denotation and Connotation.&quot;--Roland Barthes, from his Introduction</default_description>
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  <original_publication_day type="integer">1</original_publication_day>
  <original_publication_month type="integer">4</original_publication_month>
  <original_publication_year type="integer">1977</original_publication_year>
  <original_title>Elements of Semiology</original_title>
  <rating_dist>total:131|5:31|4:46|3:40|2:11|1:3|</rating_dist>
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  <average_rating><![CDATA[3.69]]></average_rating>
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  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/336060.Elements_of_Semiology]]></url>
  <authors>
        <author id="13084">
      <name><![CDATA[Roland Barthes]]></name>
      <role><![CDATA[]]></role>
      <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/13084.Roland_Barthes]]></url>
      <average_rating><![CDATA[4.07]]></average_rating>
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    </author>
      </authors>
    <reviews start="1" end="20" total="197">
    <review id="40332968">
    <user id="1571133">
    <name><![CDATA[Alan]]></name>
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      <rating>2</rating>
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  <date_added>Wed Dec 17 15:16:23 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Wed Dec 17 15:20:22 -0800 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[There is no reason to inflict this text on yourself. If you are looking for a primer, or at least a solid piercing into the semiological membrane, there are far superior works to be had, such as the wonderful &quot;Semiology: The Basics&quot; by Daniel Chandler or &quot;Structural Poetics&quot; by C...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/40332968">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/40332968?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="33874978">
    <user id="1551206">
    <name><![CDATA[Philip]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Hillsboro, OR]]></location>        
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      <rating>5</rating>
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  <date_added>Fri Sep 26 01:13:39 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Sep 26 01:19:11 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This book can be read as the follow-up to Ferdinand de Saussure's &quot;<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/287585.Course_in_General_Linguistics_Open_Court_Classics_" title="Course in General Linguistics (Open Court Classics) by Ferdinand de Saussure">Course In General Linguistics</a>&quot;.  In the latter, de Saussure opens the door to a study of signs, in general, and calls this study &quot;Semiology&quot;.  He argues that Linguistics is just a lesser element in Semiology.  Rol...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/33874978">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/33874978?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="49906009">
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    <name><![CDATA[Joseph]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Saint Clair, MI]]></location>        
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      <rating>3</rating>
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  <read_at>Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 -0800 1995</read_at>
  <date_added>Fri Mar 20 16:46:30 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Mon Mar 23 18:03:46 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[while i had been a fan of umberto eco for some time, this book was my first contact with the study of semiology. i do prefer eco.  ]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/49906009?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="6950511">
    <user id="4693">
    <name><![CDATA[علی]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[3050, Denmark]]></location>        
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      <rating>4</rating>
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  <date_added>Fri Sep 28 10:42:29 -0700 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Sep 28 10:42:29 -0700 2007</date_updated>
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    <body><![CDATA[عناصر نشانه شناسی که به گمانم به فارسی هم ترجمه شده، یکی از آثار مشهور رولان بارت در زمینه ی نقد ادبی و &quot;نشانه شناسی&quot;ست که دوره ای دراز در اغلب دانشگاه های غربی جز...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/6950511">more...</a>]]></body>
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</review>
    <review id="1732469">
    <user id="120815">
    <name><![CDATA[Maria]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Detroit, MI]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/120815-maria?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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      <rating>1</rating>
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  <read_at>Fri Jun 01 00:00:00 -0700 2007</read_at>
  <date_added>Wed Jun 06 19:13:21 -0700 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Wed Jun 06 19:13:21 -0700 2007</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I read this one on the tail of Sontag and some later Barthes (On Photography and Camera Lucida) but this was impenetrable for me. It may be the best book on Semiotics ever written; I don't know. I am not the intended audience. This is strictly for the academics and those with a pointed interest in S...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1732469">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1732469?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="7663397">
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    <name><![CDATA[Lauren]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Chicago, IL]]></location>        
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      <rating>3</rating>
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  <date_added>Sat Oct 13 08:45:00 -0700 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Oct 13 08:46:02 -0700 2007</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[very intense reading<br/>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/7663397?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="1933636">
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    <body><![CDATA[essential]]></body>
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