[close] Drawing on personal experience and extensive field research, Dr. Groopman sheds light on the faulty decision making that leads otherwise competent physicians down the wrong path in diagnosing and treating their patients. On average, a physician will interrupt a patient within eighteen seconds. In that short time, many doctors decide on the likely diagnosis and best treatment. Often, decisions made this way are correct, but they can also be wrong-with catastrophic consequences. Groopman explores why doctors err and shows how they can-with our help-avoid snap judgments, embrace uncertainty, and deploy other skills for the betterment of our health.