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<book id="28202">
  <title><![CDATA[The Metaphysical Club]]></title>
  <isbn><![CDATA[0007126905]]></isbn>
  <isbn13><![CDATA[9780007126903]]></isbn13>
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  <books-count type="integer">13</books-count>
  <default-description>If past is prologue, then &lt;I&gt;The Metaphysical Club&lt;/I&gt; by Louis Menand may suggest an intellectual course for the United States in the 21st century.  At least Menand, a frequent contributor to &lt;I&gt;The New Yorker&lt;/I&gt; and &lt;I&gt;The New York Review of Books&lt;/I&gt;, thinks so. This enthralling study of Oliver Wendell Holmes, William James, Charles Sanders Peirce, and John Dewey shows how these four men developed a philosophy of pragmatism following the Civil War, a period Menand likens to post-cold-war times.  Together, &quot;they were more responsible than any other group for moving American thought into the modern world.&quot;  &lt;p&gt;  Despite this potentially forbidding theme, &lt;I&gt;The Metaphysical Club&lt;/I&gt; is not a dry tome for academics. Instead, it is a quadruple biography, a wonderfully told story of ideas that advances by turning these thinkers into characters and bringing them to life. Menand links them through the Metaphysical Club, a conversational club formed in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1872. It lasted but a few months, and references to it appear only in Peirce's writings (its real significance seems rather limited), though Holmes and James were both members. (Dewey was much younger than these three, and more an heir than a contemporary.) It is difficult to describe in a sentence or two what they accomplished, though Menand takes a stab at it: &quot;They helped put an end to the idea that the universe is an idea, that beyond the mundane business of making our way as best we can in a world shot through with contingency, there exists some order, invisible to us, whose logic we transgress at our peril.&quot; Academic freedom and cultural pluralism are just two of their legacies, and they are linchpins of democracy in a nonideological age, says Menand. &lt;p&gt;  A book like this is necessarily idiosyncratic, yet at the same time this one is sweeping. It presents an accessible survey of intellectual life from roughly the end of the Civil War to the start of the cold war. Dozens of figures receive fascinating thumbnail sketches, from Ralph Waldo Emerson and Charles Darwin to Jane Addams and Eugene Debs. The result is a grand portrait of an age that will appeal to anyone with even a modest interest in the history of philosophy and ideas. &lt;I&gt;--John Miller&lt;/I&gt;      </default-description>
  <id type="integer">889248</id>
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  <original-publication-year type="integer">2001</original-publication-year>
  <original-title>The Metaphysical Club</original-title>
  <rating-dist>total:746|5:259|4:319|3:139|2:22|1:7|</rating-dist>
  <ratings-count type="integer">746</ratings-count>
  <ratings-sum type="integer">3039</ratings-sum>
  <reviews-count type="integer">1329</reviews-count>
  <text-reviews-count type="integer">126</text-reviews-count>
</work>

  <average_rating><![CDATA[4.07]]></average_rating>
  <ratings_count><![CDATA[582]]></ratings_count>
  <text_reviews_count><![CDATA[99]]></text_reviews_count>
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/28202.The_Metaphysical_Club]]></url>
  <authors>
        <author id="15874">
      <name><![CDATA[Louis Menand]]></name>
      <role><![CDATA[]]></role>
      <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/15874.Louis_Menand]]></url>
      <average_rating><![CDATA[4.02]]></average_rating>
      <ratings_count><![CDATA[948]]></ratings_count>
      <text_reviews_count><![CDATA[148]]></text_reviews_count>
    </author>
      </authors>
    <reviews start="1" end="20" total="1329">
    <review id="311621">
    <user id="30915">
    <name><![CDATA[Anthony]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Somerville, MA]]></location>        
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      <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>1</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[anyone who likes philosophy, history, Boston]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Fri Dec 01 00:00:00 -0800 2006</read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Mar 18 16:12:33 -0700 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sun Mar 18 16:38:48 -0700 2007</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This had been on my to-read list for far too long after todd highly recommended it. I finally got around to it this Fall, starting with little bits before I went to bed, and eventually going through most of it during Christmas vacation. The book provides biographies of Oliver Wendell Holmes, Charles...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/311621">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/311621?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="26489697">
    <user id="901924">
    <name><![CDATA[Tbfrank]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>        
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      <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>1</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Jul 06 20:07:17 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sun Jul 06 22:47:10 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I found this book to be a fascinating and enlightening study of how certain ideas came to be prevalent in American society. The author examines the lives of four individuals whose ideas represent many of the underlying tenets of American thought: Oliver Wendall Holmes, William James, Charles S. Pier...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/26489697">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/26489697?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="22026165">
    <user id="832982">
    <name><![CDATA[Brook]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[New York, NY]]></location>        
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      <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>1</votes>
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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Sun May 11 11:52:44 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Thu May 29 16:37:17 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I'm quite proud of myself for finally finishing this one, after  7 years on the shelf. Turns out, this intellectual history of the years between the Civil War and World War I wasn't as intimidating as I feared.  There's a reason why it won the Pulitzer--Menand renders complex ideas through character...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/22026165">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/22026165?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="22244830">
    <user id="1161529">
    <name><![CDATA[Colin]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1161529-colin?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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      <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>1</votes>
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  <read_at>Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 -0800 2007</read_at>
  <date_added>Wed May 14 11:59:57 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Wed May 14 12:02:56 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Shit this is great. Wonderful history of American pragmatist thought, starting with its roots in post-Civil War America and ending with John Dewey trying to figure out how to deal with World War 1 and the build to World War 2. Pop scholarship, too, so it was a good introduction to the ideas as a who...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/22244830">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/22244830?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="41943521">
    <user id="1219617">
    <name><![CDATA[Erik]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Seattle, WA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1219617-erik?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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      <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Mon Jan 05 05:58:21 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Mon Jan 05 05:58:34 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Nineteenth-century American history has always been a slightly shaky issue for me. The gaping hole in my knowledge in this area is pretty much bookended between my fascination with the first three presidencies – Washington, Adams, and Jefferson – and my basic understanding of the Civil War. Oh, ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/41943521">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/41943521?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="70626267">
    <user id="2153639">
    <name><![CDATA[Totadigi]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/2153639-totadigi?utm_medium=api]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>3</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Fri May 01 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Wed Sep 09 12:58:49 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Wed Sep 09 12:58:49 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[It is a narrative compilation of intellectual biographies of the people, their politics, and profound ideas that formed the bedrock of the American philosophy influencing the decisions of the nation’s power elite.  It begins with a discussion to the politics of slavery leading to the Civil War and...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/70626267">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/70626267?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="5321888">
    <user id="216284">
    <name><![CDATA[Mark]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Pittsburgh, PA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/216284-mark?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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      <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>1</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 -0800 2000</read_at>
  <date_added>Wed Aug 29 18:58:49 -0700 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Wed Aug 29 19:00:30 -0700 2007</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This is an exploration of America's biggest contribution to world philosophy -- the approach known as pragmatism, told largely through the stories of some of its famous developers, including Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., William James and John Dewey. Really, really good.]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/5321888?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="43147798">
    <user id="102888">
    <name><![CDATA[Michael VanZandt]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Jamaica Plain, MA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/102888-michael-vanzandt?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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      <rating>4</rating>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Sun Feb 01 00:00:00 -0800 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu Jan 15 12:11:16 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Feb 10 20:45:06 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Grad students will reference this book for decades to come.  I had wished to read this one for years, and finally I completed the task.  It is a vital contribution to the progression of philosophical thought in American history.  At times, it slips into obscurity and fades from the progression of th...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/43147798">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/43147798?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="38762374">
    <user id="1750112">
    <name><![CDATA[Tammy]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Angwin, CA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1750112-tammy?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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      <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 -0800 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu Nov 27 12:22:59 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sun Mar 08 17:35:40 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[As the cover promises “The Metaphysical Club” truly is the story of ideas in America.  It follows the arc of four great thinkers – from William James to John Dewey.  The reader not only participates in their developing schools of thought (i.e., James’ Pragmatism) but the political, historica...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/38762374">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/38762374?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="37806135">
    <user id="28195">
    <name><![CDATA[Joe]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Chicago, IL]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/28195-joe?utm_medium=api]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
  <sell_flag>false</sell_flag>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Sat Nov 15 12:26:15 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Nov 15 12:35:54 -0800 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[There is a central idea pawing through this book, or I should say there are numerous ideas that crowd around the big one, which is that democracy is the much-treasured end but it's an experiment as well whose success is by no means guaranteed.  Imagine yourself the press secretary at the White House...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/37806135">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/37806135?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="22985315">
    <user id="1029356">
    <name><![CDATA[Ivan]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Evanston, IL]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1029356-ivan-handler?utm_medium=api]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
  <sell_flag>false</sell_flag>
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      </shelves>
  <recommended_for><![CDATA[everyone]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[Carl Davidson]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Mon May 26 11:22:40 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Mon May 26 11:31:54 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Pragmatism is a distinctly American contribution to philosophy.  Menand shows how it came about as a result of the Civil War and Darwin.  <br/><br/>The main purpose of this book is really to show how our concepts of civil liberties is deeply grounded in pragmatic philosophy.  The idea of free spee...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/22985315">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/22985315?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="8739906">
    <user id="587415">
    <name><![CDATA[Edy]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Riverside, CA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/587415-edy?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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      <rating>3</rating>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Thu Nov 01 00:00:00 -0700 2007</read_at>
  <date_added>Tue Nov 06 07:14:21 -0800 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Nov 10 08:55:09 -0800 2007</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[The writing is clear and concise. Much of the details are eliding me, but I do so far think that the author's central thesis is valid: the nature of a place is defined and shaped through the metaphysical realm of ideas. <br/><br/>So far, I like this concept:   <br/><br/>-&quot;We think that a re...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/8739906">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/8739906?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="4031906">
    <user id="248996">
    <name><![CDATA[Keith]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[San Diego, CA]]></location>        
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      <rating>4</rating>
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  <date_added>Fri Aug 03 11:33:45 -0700 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Aug 03 11:35:04 -0700 2007</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[&quot;No man has earned the right to intellectual ambition until he has learned to lay his course by a star which he has never seen—to dig by the divining rod for springs which he may never reach.  In saying this, I point to that which will make your study heroic.  For I say to you in all sadness ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/4031906">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/4031906?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="238111">
    <user id="21699">
    <name><![CDATA[Dan]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Brooklyn, NY]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/21699-dan?utm_medium=api]]></url>
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      <rating>5</rating>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Fri Apr 10 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Mon Mar 12 06:59:33 -0700 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Apr 10 09:02:49 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count>2</read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This is a fascinating study of four thinkers (plus a few more) in the late nineteenth century that all ended up somewhere around a thought or philosophy called &quot;pragmatism.&quot; Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., Charles Pierce, William James, and John Dewey, all from different professional fields, s...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/238111">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/238111?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="68422554">
    <user id="613892">
    <name><![CDATA[Jeremy]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Chandler, AZ]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/613892-jeremy?utm_medium=api]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Sat Aug 01 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Fri Aug 21 23:29:13 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Aug 21 23:35:13 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Story of the foundation of the philosophy known as Pragmatism in America. Menand looks at the lives and writings of Oliver Wendell Homes, Jr, William James, Charles Peirce, and John Dewey to show the development of this school of thought. Very interesting insights as to how events such as the Civil ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/68422554">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/68422554?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="60225661">
    <user id="900325">
    <name><![CDATA[Mike]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Brooklyn, NY]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/900325-mike?utm_medium=api]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>3</rating>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Fri Jun 12 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu Jun 18 16:32:48 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Thu Jun 18 16:35:31 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This book was a decent account of 19th Century American thought, though I would have preferred to see more discussion of Walt Whitman's role and maybe a little more on Oliver Wendell Holmes and John Dewey. But it's definitely a good introduction to pragmatism and the role it once played in this coun...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/60225661">more...</a>]]></body>
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</review>
    <review id="1917711">
    <user id="98228">
    <name><![CDATA[Elizabeth]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Urbana, IL]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/98228-elizabeth?utm_medium=api]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Sun Jul 01 00:00:00 -0700 2007</read_at>
  <date_added>Wed Jun 13 07:24:11 -0700 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Mon Aug 20 07:11:53 -0700 2007</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Like many history books, this one claims that those most influential to modern American thought were white. male. wealthy. wasp-ies. I found this highly suspect since I recently finished a book on Jane Addams, but I must also agree that while Menand comes close, you can't incorporate everything into...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1917711">more...</a>]]></body>
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</review>
    <review id="56389666">
    <user id="52613">
    <name><![CDATA[Susan]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[San Jose, CA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/52613-susan?utm_medium=api]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>0</rating>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Sun May 17 12:39:31 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sun May 17 12:43:31 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[17.5.09 - Just started the book. Have things really changed in 150 years?  As I'm reading about William James, I'm shocked at the racism promoted as science in the 1800s, but I'm also struck by how the same debate really continues although quite veiled these days!   <br/><br/>I'm also struck by ho...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/56389666">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/56389666?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="42001834">
    <user id="1869385">
    <name><![CDATA[Mary]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Fairbanks, AK]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1869385-mary-ann?utm_medium=api]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 -0800 2002</read_at>
  <date_added>Mon Jan 05 14:00:11 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Mon Jan 05 14:07:54 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I am still reading this book 4 or 5 years after being introduced to it.  The discussion of scientific and and philosophical thought in the mid 19th century is compelling.  I now use it as a reference when something new about Holmes or Agassiz or Harvard University comes into my focus.  So much chang...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/42001834">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/42001834?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="42143719">
    <user id="1849412">
    <name><![CDATA[Mary Ann]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1849412-mary-ann?utm_medium=api]]></url>
  </user>
      <rating>5</rating>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 -0800 2003</read_at>
  <date_added>Tue Jan 06 15:40:21 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Jan 06 15:43:12 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This is another books which has expanded my &quot;pitfully narrow horizon&quot; as Susan Stitham would say.  It was recommended to our book club in about 2003 by Cynthia Henry.  I was intrigued by the evolution of scientific thought in the mid 19th century and the minds which particiaped in the deba...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/42143719">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/42143719?utm_medium=api]]></url>
</review>
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