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<book id="2784179">
  <title><![CDATA[Spiritual Evolution: A Scientific Defense of Faith]]></title>
  <isbn><![CDATA[0767926579]]></isbn>
  <isbn13><![CDATA[9780767926577]]></isbn13>
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  <best_book_id type="integer">2784179</best_book_id>
  <books_count type="integer">1</books_count>
  <default_description>&lt;p&gt;Dr. George E. Vaillant, a research psychiatrist and director of Harvard&amp;#8217;s famous seventy-year-long study of human lifetimes, brings a powerful voice to the ongoing debate about the nature of faith and its impact on history and society. In a scientifically based response to Richard Dawkins&amp;#8217;s &lt;i&gt;The God Delusion&lt;/i&gt; and Sam Harris&amp;#8217;s &lt;i&gt;The End of Faith&lt;/i&gt;, Vaillant shows that the defining components of spirituality&amp;#8212;emotions such as love, compassion, hope, and forgiveness&amp;#8212;are hardwired into a specific, identifiable part of the human brain. Drawing on cutting-edge neuroscience, anthropology, and studies of animal behavior, he argues that evolution favors our spiritual behaviors. &lt;br&gt;&lt;i&gt;Spiritual Evolution&lt;/i&gt; draws an important distinction between spirituality and religion. A biological drive shared by all human beings, spirituality is a source of comfort to individuals and a positive force in general.  Religion, in contrast, is instilled; reflecting cultural biases and history, it often feeds the passions that lead to violence and other destructive behavior. &lt;br&gt;Eye-opening and authoritative, &lt;i&gt;Spiritual Evolution&lt;/i&gt; brings to light the intimate connection between the foundations of faith and the findings of science.&lt;/p&gt;</default_description>
  <id type="integer">2809941</id>
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  <original_publication_day type="integer">20</original_publication_day>
  <original_publication_month type="integer">5</original_publication_month>
  <original_publication_year type="integer">2008</original_publication_year>
  <original_title>Spiritual Evolution: A Scientific Defense of Faith</original_title>
  <rating_dist>total:9|5:2|4:5|3:1|2:1|</rating_dist>
  <ratings_count type="integer">9</ratings_count>
  <ratings_sum type="integer">35</ratings_sum>
  <reviews_count type="integer">36</reviews_count>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">5</text_reviews_count>
</work>

  <average_rating><![CDATA[3.89]]></average_rating>
  <ratings_count><![CDATA[9]]></ratings_count>
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  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/2784179.Spiritual_Evolution_A_Scientific_Defense_of_Faith]]></url>
  <authors>
        <author id="216215">
      <name><![CDATA[George Vaillant]]></name>
      <role><![CDATA[]]></role>
      <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/216215.George_Vaillant]]></url>
      <average_rating><![CDATA[3.80]]></average_rating>
      <ratings_count><![CDATA[10]]></ratings_count>
      <text_reviews_count><![CDATA[6]]></text_reviews_count>
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    <reviews start="1" end="20" total="36">
    <review id="29542949">
    <user id="1395073">
    <name><![CDATA[Patrick]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Revere, MA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1395073-patrick-tracey]]></url>
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      <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>3</votes>
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  <read_at>Fri Aug 08 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu Aug 07 14:03:20 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Thu Aug 07 14:40:04 -0700 2008</date_updated>
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    <body><![CDATA[This is a book by George Valliant, a Harvard scientist following in the footsteps of thinkers like E.O. Wilson who started the whole movement to &quot;biologize&quot; spirituality. <br/><br/>The key point is the difference between the brain's mammalian limbic system and its reptilian amygdilla. Ap...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/29542949">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/29542949]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="44503678">
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    <name><![CDATA[John]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Salem, WI]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1961776-john-schneider]]></url>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[Open-minded people of faith]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[NPR]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Tue Nov 04 00:00:00 -0800 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Tue Jan 27 07:17:04 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Jan 27 07:17:04 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count>1</read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Dr. George E. Vaillant M.D., a psychoanalyst, research psychiatrist, and professor at Harvard University, breaks new ground in the age old controversy between science and faith.  The book convincingly defends, through reference to historic data and recent research, the proposition that the positive ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/44503678">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/44503678]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="51643425">
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    <name><![CDATA[David]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1508173-david]]></url>
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      <rating>2</rating>
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  <read_at>Sun Apr 05 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Apr 05 20:36:35 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sun Apr 05 20:46:35 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[In this book Vaillant chronicles the journey modern social sciences have taken from total denial of the instincts of compassion and love to a (grudging) acceptance.  Along the way, Vaillant argues how fundamental these emotions are.  He also emphasizes how the human instinct for love and compassion ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/51643425">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/51643425]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="55307485">
    <user id="1394897">
    <name><![CDATA[Tim]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[San Luis Obispo, CA]]></location>        
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1394897-tim]]></url>
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      <rating>4</rating>
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  <read_at>Fri May 01 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu May 07 16:22:33 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Thu May 07 16:25:41 -0700 2009</date_updated>
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    <body><![CDATA[Very interesting book that debunks the ideas of modern athiests that spirituality is dangerous.  Vaillant lays out a case that our brains have evolved over the last few thousand years to foster the capabilities of compassion, faith, hope and love as positive improvements to human kind.  Not an evang...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/55307485">more...</a>]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/55307485]]></url>
</review>
    <review id="37698719">
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    <name><![CDATA[Pkandis]]></name>
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  <date_added>Fri Nov 14 03:48:28 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Nov 14 03:51:04 -0800 2008</date_updated>
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    <body><![CDATA[A Scientific Defense of Faith, Harvard psychiatrist who inherited the longest running longitudinal physical, psychological, sociological human study.  Also see his Aging Well]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/37698719]]></url>
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  <date_added>Fri May 15 10:51:42 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri May 15 10:51:42 -0700 2009</date_updated>
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    <body><![CDATA[]]></body>
    <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/56186138]]></url>
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