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  <title><![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]></title>
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  <description><![CDATA[The question of cleanliness is one every age and culture has answered with confidence. For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, scraping the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the aristocratic Frenchman in the seventeenth century, it meant changing your shirt once a day and perhaps going so far as to dip your hands in some water. Did Napoleon know something we didn’t when he wrote Josephine “I will return in five days. Stop washing”? And why is the German term Warmduscher—a man who washes in warm or hot water—invariably a slight<br/>against his masculinity? Katherine Ashenburg takes on such fascinating questions as these in Clean, her charming tour of attitudes to hygiene through time.<br/><br/>What could be more routine than taking up soap and water and washing yourself? And yet cleanliness, or the lack of it, is intimately connected to ideas as large as spirituality and sexuality, and historical events that include plagues, the Civil War, and the discovery of germs. An engrossing fusion of erudition and anecdote, Clean considers the bizarre prescriptions of history’sdoctors, the hygienic peccadilloes of great authors, and the historic twists and turns that have brought us to a place Ashenburg considers hedonistic yet oversanitized.-  Publisher Information<br/><br/>]]></description>
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        <name><![CDATA[Katherine Ashenburg]]></name>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
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    <![CDATA[The question of cleanliness is one every age and culture has answered with confidence. For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, scraping the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the aristocratic Frenchman in the seventeenth century, it meant changing your shirt once a day and perhaps going so far as to dip your hands in some water. Did Napoleon know something we didn’t when he wrote Josephine “I will return in five days. Stop washing”? And why is the German term Warmduscher—a man who washes in warm or hot water—invariably a slight<br/>against his masculinity? Katherine Ashenburg takes on such fascinating questions as these in Clean, her charming tour of attitudes to hygiene through time.<br/><br/>What could be more routine than taking up soap and water and washing yourself? And yet cleanliness, or the lack of it, is intimately connected to ideas as large as spirituality and sexuality, and historical events that include plagues, the Civil War, and the discovery of germs. An engrossing fusion of erudition and anecdote, Clean considers the bizarre prescriptions of history’sdoctors, the hygienic peccadilloes of great authors, and the historic twists and turns that have brought us to a place Ashenburg considers hedonistic yet oversanitized.-  Publisher Information<br/><br/>]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
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  <read_at>Sat Sep 05 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Aug 09 10:26:37 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Sep 05 17:56:49 -0700 2009</date_updated>
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    <body><![CDATA[Currently in America the average person can visit a drugstore and find entire aisles devoted to a previously unimaginable number of products to clean our bodies with: body wash, shampoos, conditioners, body scrubs, face scrubs, bar soap, liquid soap, gel soap, exfoliators, foaming cleansers, etc... ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/66745151">more...</a>]]></body>
    
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
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  <average_rating>3.57</average_rating>
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  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
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    <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>2</votes>
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  <date_added>Sat Dec 08 13:11:01 -0800 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Dec 08 13:13:46 -0800 2007</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[An utterly fun book to read, this history of cleanliness starts in Rome, and brings us up to today. From the fear that a bath would make you gay, a bath would kill you, not having a bath would kill you, swimming in the ocean would kill you, a shower would kill you, and some steam would kill you, to ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/10147374">more...</a>]]></body>
    
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      <review>
  <id>69976228</id>
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    <name><![CDATA[Nicole]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Exeter, NH]]></location>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[The question of cleanliness is one every age and culture has answered with confidence. For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, scraping the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the aristocratic Frenchman in the seventeenth century, it meant changing your shirt once a day and perhaps going so far as to dip your hands in some water. Did Napoleon know something we didn’t when he wrote Josephine “I will return in five days. Stop washing”? And why is the German term Warmduscher—a man who washes in warm or hot water—invariably a slight<br/>against his masculinity? Katherine Ashenburg takes on such fascinating questions as these in Clean, her charming tour of attitudes to hygiene through time.<br/><br/>What could be more routine than taking up soap and water and washing yourself? And yet cleanliness, or the lack of it, is intimately connected to ideas as large as spirituality and sexuality, and historical events that include plagues, the Civil War, and the discovery of germs. An engrossing fusion of erudition and anecdote, Clean considers the bizarre prescriptions of history’sdoctors, the hygienic peccadilloes of great authors, and the historic twists and turns that have brought us to a place Ashenburg considers hedonistic yet oversanitized.-  Publisher Information<br/><br/>]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
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    <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <read_at>Mon Sep 07 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu Sep 03 16:48:51 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Mon Sep 07 13:56:53 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Wow! I read this book for my book group, Bound Together, and boy am I impressed! This book was unlike any other.  I will confess that I times I was a bit grossed out, but Ashenburg's detail on the history of cleanliness made the book impossible to put down. I cannot believe how much has changed! The...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/69976228">more...</a>]]></body>
    
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      <review>
  <id>59344510</id>
    <user>
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    <name><![CDATA[Dani ]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Mount Holly, NC]]></location>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-111x148.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[The question of cleanliness is one every age and culture has answered with confidence. For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, scraping the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the aristocratic Frenchman in the seventeenth century, it meant changing your shirt once a day and perhaps going so far as to dip your hands in some water. Did Napoleon know something we didn’t when he wrote Josephine “I will return in five days. Stop washing”? And why is the German term Warmduscher—a man who washes in warm or hot water—invariably a slight<br/>against his masculinity? Katherine Ashenburg takes on such fascinating questions as these in Clean, her charming tour of attitudes to hygiene through time.<br/><br/>What could be more routine than taking up soap and water and washing yourself? And yet cleanliness, or the lack of it, is intimately connected to ideas as large as spirituality and sexuality, and historical events that include plagues, the Civil War, and the discovery of germs. An engrossing fusion of erudition and anecdote, Clean considers the bizarre prescriptions of history’sdoctors, the hygienic peccadilloes of great authors, and the historic twists and turns that have brought us to a place Ashenburg considers hedonistic yet oversanitized.-  Publisher Information<br/><br/>]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
</book>

    <rating>3</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
  <spoiler_flag>false</spoiler_flag>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[history fans.]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Mon Jun 29 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Thu Jun 11 19:06:34 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Jun 30 16:41:36 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count>.5</read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Since I only made it through half the book, this isn't a proper review. Rather, I will be sharing my impressions.<br/><br/>This book is a history of bathing and the varying importance placed on a clean body. The author was very thorough, which made some of the passages repetitive. Bathing was good...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/59344510">more...</a>]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/59344510]]></url>
  <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/59344510]]></link>
</review>
      <review>
  <id>22946198</id>
    <user>
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    <name><![CDATA[Amy]]></name>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
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  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
</book>

    <rating>3</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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          </shelves>
  <recommended_for><![CDATA[history buffs and those interested in cleanliness]]></recommended_for>
  <recommended_by><![CDATA[Friend at Work]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Tue Jul 01 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Sun May 25 18:29:19 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Thu Aug 21 17:51:12 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This was another fun one.  The book starts out at the Roman and Greek baths where folks from all walks of life would meet at the elaborate bath houses and spend all day bathing.  But it all goes downhill from there!  By the middle ages, folks were afraid of water and avoided it at all costs.  Even i...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/22946198">more...</a>]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/22946198]]></url>
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</review>
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    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
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    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
</book>

    <rating>2</rating>
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  <date_added>Tue Feb 26 10:08:21 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Mar 08 23:14:22 -0800 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[The material's inherently interesting--the history of the West's relationship to bodily cleanliness and bathing--and she's done all the work, bringing all the research together, so if you want to learn about how we forsook water for about four hundred years, and believed that a protective layer of d...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/16419348">more...</a>]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/16419348]]></url>
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      <review>
  <id>12603540</id>
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  <isbn>0676976638</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780676976632</isbn13>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">48</text_reviews_count>
  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
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    <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <read_at>Sun Jan 20 00:00:00 -0800 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Tue Jan 15 14:05:53 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Jun 14 11:48:32 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I started The Dirt on Clean while flying to Italy, which was perfect timing.  The beginning chapters, which focus on cleanliness in ancient Greece and Rome, were a perfect primer on the two major baths of Rome: Diocletian and Caracalla.  Both of which you can visit.<br/>Although this isn't a partic...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/12603540">more...</a>]]></body>
    
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      <review>
  <id>10834019</id>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-111x148.jpg</image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
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    <rating>3</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <read_at>Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 -0800 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Fri Dec 21 13:37:18 -0800 2007</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Jan 12 10:15:10 -0800 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I got this book because I was interested in the idea of not showering ABSOLUTELY every day during our severe drought.  When I saw this on the new book shelf I wondered what it would tell me (historically speaking) about my feeling of being dirty twelve hours after a shower when all I did was sit at ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/10834019">more...</a>]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/10834019]]></url>
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</review>
      <review>
  <id>38905861</id>
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    <id>826042</id>
    <name><![CDATA[Mindy]]></name>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
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    <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <read_at>Tue Sep 29 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Sat Nov 29 18:49:27 -0800 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Sep 29 08:58:34 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I really liked this book.  Katherine Ashenburg is a funny and extremely well researched author.  She understands our western culture need for clean and she puts it in perspective against the rich tapestry of the rest of the world's version of clean.  She makes the times and peoples she's writing abo...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/38905861">more...</a>]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/38905861]]></url>
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</review>
      <review>
  <id>81261846</id>
    <user>
    <id>1636129</id>
    <name><![CDATA[Mary]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Vancouver, BC, Canada]]></location>
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  <text_reviews_count type="integer">48</text_reviews_count>
  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-111x148.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
  <link>http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/2111775.The_Dirt_on_Clean_An_Unsanitized_History</link>
  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
</book>

    <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
  <spoiler_flag>false</spoiler_flag>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Sun Jun 01 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Wed Dec 16 21:14:58 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Wed Dec 16 21:15:25 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Excellent book -- the author keeps it light and interesting. Well researched, well written, very relevant. Makes me glad I never had to encounter 17th century French aristocracy (stinky stinky poo).]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/81261846]]></url>
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      <review>
  <id>24589254</id>
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    <id>944126</id>
    <name><![CDATA[Christina]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[The United States]]></location>
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  <isbn>0676976638</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780676976632</isbn13>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">48</text_reviews_count>
  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-111x148.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
</book>

    <rating>3</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_for><![CDATA[]]></recommended_for>
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  <read_at>Fri Jun 27 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Jun 15 21:55:07 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Jun 27 18:34:43 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I only read the first half of this book.  Interesting as the subject was (the history of bathing, including times when people were afraid of water!), I just didn't find it interesting enough to finish.  However, I was impressed with just how many sources the author found to describe bathing through ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/24589254">more...</a>]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/24589254]]></url>
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</review>
      <review>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-111x148.jpg</image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
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    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
</book>

    <rating>4</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <date_added>Tue Sep 01 17:58:38 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue Sep 01 18:00:10 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[You wouldn't believe it, but I liked this book.  I liked learning about how people in different times and in different places thought about what &quot;clean&quot; means.  Read it!]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/69747117]]></url>
  <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/69747117]]></link>
</review>
      <review>
  <id>64315691</id>
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    <id>1501796</id>
    <name><![CDATA[Simone]]></name>
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  <isbn>0676976638</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780676976632</isbn13>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">48</text_reviews_count>
  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-111x148.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
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    <rating>4</rating>
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  <read_at>Sat Aug 01 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Mon Jul 20 21:17:26 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Aug 01 13:26:04 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I strongly recommend this book to anyone and everyone- it provides a fascinating presentation of Western culture through the practice of cleaning (or NOT cleaning).  Oh, the things I've learned from this! I now see history through an entirely new set of eyes.]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/64315691]]></url>
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      <review>
  <id>30292459</id>
    <user>
    <id>431184</id>
    <name><![CDATA[Sunni]]></name>
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  <isbn>0676976638</isbn>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-111x148.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
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    <rating>4</rating>
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  <read_at>Tue Aug 26 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Sat Aug 16 04:15:21 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Thu Aug 28 04:57:36 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[I thought this was an interesting book, although the writing style was a bit choppy and, at times, repetitive. It has given me a LOT to think about. I read it because I was really curious about what personal hygiene was like throughout history, particularly the 1700 and 1800s (since I watch so many ...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/30292459">more...</a>]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/30292459]]></url>
  <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/30292459]]></link>
</review>
      <review>
  <id>79982790</id>
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    <id>36944</id>
    <name><![CDATA[jen8998]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Waco, TX]]></location>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-111x148.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
</book>

    <rating>3</rating>
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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Sat Dec 05 11:18:34 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Dec 05 11:19:13 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[More detail here than perhaps the subject deserves.  Nevertheless, it's amusing enough and in some places, quite amusing.]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/79982790]]></url>
  <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/79982790]]></link>
</review>
      <review>
  <id>56657536</id>
    <user>
    <id>2316970</id>
    <name><![CDATA[Glen]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Courtenay, BC, Canada]]></location>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-111x148.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
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  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
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    <rating>3</rating>
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  <read_at>Fri May 01 00:00:00 -0700 2009</read_at>
  <date_added>Tue May 19 14:44:50 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Tue May 19 20:17:02 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[An easy read and fun.  She also has a valid perspective on the increasing number of people getting allergies.]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/56657536]]></url>
  <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/56657536]]></link>
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      <review>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-111x148.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
</book>

    <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <date_added>Sat Mar 14 14:27:50 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sat Mar 14 14:30:59 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Fun and illuminating, this is a perfect book to find out how people really lived.]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/49266595]]></url>
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      <review>
  <id>48931665</id>
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    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
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  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
</book>

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  <read_at></read_at>
  <date_added>Wed Mar 11 10:58:21 -0700 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Wed Mar 11 10:58:52 -0700 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[It was interesting from a history perspective but not as entertaining as i had hoped. ]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/48931665]]></url>
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      <review>
  <id>19650584</id>
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    <name><![CDATA[Meredith]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Lawrence, KS]]></location>
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  <isbn>086547690X</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780865476905</isbn13>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">10</text_reviews_count>
  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[The question of cleanliness is one every age and culture has answered with confidence. For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, scraping the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the aristocratic Frenchman in the seventeenth century, it meant changing your shirt once a day and perhaps going so far as to dip your hands in some water. Did Napoleon know something we didn’t when he wrote Josephine “I will return in five days. Stop washing”? And why is the German term Warmduscher—a man who washes in warm or hot water—invariably a slight<br/>against his masculinity? Katherine Ashenburg takes on such fascinating questions as these in Clean, her charming tour of attitudes to hygiene through time.<br/><br/>What could be more routine than taking up soap and water and washing yourself? And yet cleanliness, or the lack of it, is intimately connected to ideas as large as spirituality and sexuality, and historical events that include plagues, the Civil War, and the discovery of germs. An engrossing fusion of erudition and anecdote, Clean considers the bizarre prescriptions of history’sdoctors, the hygienic peccadilloes of great authors, and the historic twists and turns that have brought us to a place Ashenburg considers hedonistic yet oversanitized.-  Publisher Information<br/><br/>]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
</book>

    <rating>5</rating>
  <votes>0</votes>
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  <recommended_by><![CDATA[]]></recommended_by>
  <read_at>Fri Apr 18 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Mon Apr 07 10:52:47 -0700 2008</date_added>
  <date_updated>Fri Apr 18 10:42:36 -0700 2008</date_updated>
  <read_count></read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[This was an interesting perspective of history.  One odd item I read and thought was funny was in 1931 halitosis was grounds for divorce and listerine was first used as an anticeptic for surguries and various other things.<br/><br/>It was interesting to read about the transitions of beliefs from c...<a href="http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/19650584">more...</a>]]></body>
    
  <url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/review/show/19650584]]></url>
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</review>
      <review>
  <id>44354581</id>
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    <id>1881511</id>
    <name><![CDATA[Marcy]]></name>
    <location><![CDATA[Indianapolis, IN]]></location>
    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/user/show/1881511-marcy]]></link>
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    <book>
  <id type="integer">2111775</id>
  <isbn>0676976638</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780676976632</isbn13>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">48</text_reviews_count>
  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Dirt on Clean: An Unsanitized History]]>
  </title>
  <image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-111x148.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
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  <average_rating>3.56</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>170</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[For the first-century Roman, being clean meant a public two-hour soak in baths of various temperatures, a scraping of the body with a miniature rake, and a final application of oil. For the seventeenth-century aristocratic Frenchman, it meant changing his shirt once a day, using perfume to obliterate both his own aroma and everyone else&#8217;s, but never immersing himself in &#8211; horrors! &#8211; water. By the early 1900s, an extraordinary idea took hold in North America &#8211; that frequent bathing, perhaps even a daily bath, was  advisable. Not since the Roman Empire had people been so clean, and standards became even more extreme as the millennium approached. Now we live in a deodorized world where germophobes shake hands with their elbows and where sales of hand sanitizers, wipes and sprays are skyrocketing.<br/><br/>The apparently routine task of taking up soap and water (or not) is Katherine Ashenburg&#8217;s starting point for a unique exploration of  Western culture, which yields surprising insights into our notions of privacy, health, individuality, religion and sexuality.<br/><br/>Ashenburg searches for clean and dirty in plague-ridden streets, medieval steam baths, castles and tenements, and in bathrooms of every description. She reveals the bizarre rescriptions of history&#8217;s doctors as well as the hygienic peccadilloes of kings, mistresses, monks and ordinary citizens, and guides us through the twists and turns to our own understanding of clean, which is no more rational than the rest. Filled with amusing anecdotes and quotations from the great bathers of history, <strong>The Dirt on Clean</strong><em> </em>takes us on a journey that is by turns intriguing, humorous, startling and not always for the squeamish. Ashenburg&#8217;s tour of history&#8217;s baths and bathrooms reveals much about our changing and most intimate selves &#8211; what we desire, what we ignore, what we fear, and a significant part of who we are.]]>
  </description>
  <published>2007</published>
</book>

    <rating>2</rating>
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  <read_at>Thu Mar 27 00:00:00 -0700 2008</read_at>
  <date_added>Sun Jan 25 19:57:57 -0800 2009</date_added>
  <date_updated>Sun Jan 25 20:01:15 -0800 2009</date_updated>
  <read_count>1</read_count>
    <body><![CDATA[Learned some interesting facts, but it's not a real page-turner by any means.]]></body>
    
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