false http://photo.goodreads.com/books/1181234059m/1129911.jpg 1129911 9 <p>Popper was born in 1902 to a Viennese family of Jewish origin. He taught in Austria until 1937, when he emigrated to New Zealand in anticipation of the Nazi annexation of Austria the following year, and he settled in England in 1949. Before the annexation, Popper had written mainly about the philosophy of science, but from 1938 until the end of the Second World War he focused his energies on political philosophy, seeking to diagnose the intellectual origins of German and Soviet totalitarianism. The <i>Open Society and Its Enemies</i> was the result. </p><p> In the book, Popper condemned Plato, Marx, and Hegel as "holists" and "historicists"--a holist, according to Popper, believes that individuals are formed entirely by their social groups; historicists believe that social groups evolve according to internal principles that it is the intellectual's task to uncover. Popper, by contrast, held that social affairs are unpredictable, and argued vehemently against social engineering. He also sought to shift the focus of political philosophy away from questions about who ought to rule toward questions about how to minimize the damage done by the powerful. The book was an immediate sensation, and--though it has long been criticized for its portrayals of Plato, Marx, and Hegel--it has remained a landmark on the left and right alike for its defense of freedom and the spirit of critical inquiry.</p> 1550916 1945 The Open Society and Its Enemies, Volume 1 : The Spell of Plato total:82|5:35|4:30|3:12|2:2|1:3| 82 338 175 8 4 0 false false Fri Nov 06 00:00:00 -0800 2009 Mon Nov 02 06:32:47 -0800 2009 Sat Nov 07 17:33:47 -0800 2009 more...]]> 5 0 false false Sat Dec 05 06:31:29 -0800 2009 Sat Dec 05 06:34:35 -0800 2009 more...]]> 4 0 false false Sat May 23 00:00:00 -0700 2009 Tue Apr 28 16:57:09 -0700 2009 Sat May 23 18:05:00 -0700 2009 more...]]> 5 0 false false Tue Apr 28 20:36:45 -0700 2009 Tue Apr 28 20:37:13 -0700 2009 0 0 false false Sun Apr 19 00:00:00 -0700 2009 Sun Mar 29 05:47:53 -0700 2009 Sun Aug 02 20:15:45 -0700 2009 more...]]> 5 0 false false Wed Jan 09 12:57:28 -0800 2008 Thu Jan 10 11:16:22 -0800 2008 more...]]> 0 0 false false Mon Jan 28 12:14:42 -0800 2008 Mon Jan 28 12:22:31 -0800 2008 0 0 false false Thu May 21 23:27:33 -0700 2009 Tue Aug 04 15:57:53 -0700 2009 0 0 false false Fri Dec 04 12:26:15 -0800 2009 Fri Dec 04 12:26:15 -0800 2009 0 0 true false Sat Nov 28 21:11:52 -0800 2009 Sat Nov 28 21:12:01 -0800 2009 0 0 false false Fri Nov 27 07:21:20 -0800 2009 Fri Nov 27 07:21:20 -0800 2009 5 0 false false Sun Nov 22 21:13:04 -0800 2009 Sun Nov 22 21:13:04 -0800 2009 5 0 false false Wed Nov 18 07:27:49 -0800 2009 Wed Nov 18 07:27:49 -0800 2009 0 0 false false Thu Nov 12 18:27:00 -0800 2009 Thu Nov 12 18:27:00 -0800 2009 0 0 false false Thu Nov 12 17:33:47 -0800 2009 Thu Nov 12 17:33:47 -0800 2009 0 0 false false Thu Nov 12 12:19:00 -0800 2009 Thu Nov 12 12:19:00 -0800 2009 0 0 false false Wed Nov 11 09:46:39 -0800 2009 Wed Nov 11 09:46:39 -0800 2009 5 0 false false Mon Nov 09 07:38:24 -0800 2009 Mon Nov 09 07:38:24 -0800 2009 0 0 false false Sun Nov 08 12:45:36 -0800 2009 Sun Nov 08 12:45:36 -0800 2009 4 0 false false Mon Nov 02 21:33:39 -0800 2009 Mon Nov 02 21:33:58 -0800 2009 http://www.goodreads.com/book_link/follow/8?book_id=1129911