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  <id>76298</id>
  <name><![CDATA[Geoffrey Sampson]]></name>
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  <id type="integer">132472</id>
  <isbn>0826473849</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780826473844</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The 'Language Instinct' Debate]]>
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  <link>http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/132472.The_Language_Instinct_Debate</link>
  <average_rating>3.33</average_rating>
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    <![CDATA[When it was first published in 1997, Geoffrey Sampson's Educating Eve was described as the definitive response to Steven Pinker's The Language Instinct and Noam Chomsky's nativism. In this revised and expanded new edition, Sampson revisits his original arguments in the light of fresh evidence that has emerged since the original publication.   <p>Since Chomsky revolutionized the study of language in the 1960s, it has increasingly come to be accepted that  language and other knowledge structures are hard-wired in our genes. According to this view, human beings are born with a rich structure of cognition already in place.  But people do not realize how thin the evidence for that idea is.  <p>The 'Language Instinct' Debate examines the various arguments for instinctive knowledge, and finds that each one rests on false premisses or embodies logical fallacies. The structures of language are shown to be purely cultural creations.   <p>With a new chapter entitled 'How People Really Speak'  which uses corpus data to analyse how language is used in spontaneous English conversation, responses to critics, extensive revisions throughout, and a new preface by Paul Postal of New York University, this new edition will be an essential purchase for students, academics, and general readers interested in the debate about the 'language instinct'.</p></p></p>]]>
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    <id>76298</id>
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  </authors>  <published>1997</published>
</book>

        <book>
  <id type="integer">1127092</id>
  <isbn>0804717567</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780804717564</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[Writing Systems: A Linguistic Introduction]]>
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  <link>http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1127092.Writing_Systems_A_Linguistic_Introduction</link>
  <average_rating>4.00</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>4</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[]]>
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    <id>76298</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Geoffrey Sampson]]></name>
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    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/76298.Geoffrey_Sampson]]></link>
    <average_rating>3.67</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>15</ratings_count>
    <text_reviews_count>3</text_reviews_count>
  </author>
  </authors>  <published>1986</published>
</book>

        <book>
  <id type="integer">1249251</id>
  <isbn>0804711259</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780804711258</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[Schools of Linguistics]]>
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  <link>http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1249251.Schools_of_Linguistics</link>
  <average_rating>5.00</average_rating>
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  <description>
    <![CDATA[]]>
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<authors>
    <author>
    <id>76298</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Geoffrey Sampson]]></name>
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    <average_rating>3.67</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>15</ratings_count>
    <text_reviews_count>3</text_reviews_count>
  </author>
  </authors>  <published>1980</published>
</book>

        <book>
  <id type="integer">1041831</id>
  <isbn>0826457940</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780826457943</isbn13>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">2</text_reviews_count>
  <title>
    <![CDATA[Empirical Linguistics]]>
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  <small_image_url>http://photo.goodreads.com/books/1180454644s/1041831.jpg</small_image_url>
  <link>http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1041831.Empirical_Linguistics</link>
  <average_rating>3.00</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>1</ratings_count>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[Linguistics has become an empirical science again after several decades when it was preoccupied with speakers' hazy &quot;intuitions&quot; about language structure. With a mixture of English-language case studies and more theoretical analyses, Geoffrey Sampson gives an overview of some of the new findings and insights about the nature of language which are emerging from investigations of real-life speech and writing, often (although not always) using computers and electronic language samples (&quot;corpora&quot;). Concrete evidence is brought to bear to resolve long-standing questions such as &quot;Is there one English language or many Englishes?&quot; and &quot;Do different social groups use characteristically elaborated or restricted language codes?&quot; Sampson shows readers how to use some of the new techniques for themselves, giving a step-by-step &quot;recipe-book&quot; method for applying a quantitative technique that was invented by Alan Turing in the World War II code-breaking work at Bletchley Park and has been rediscovered and widely applied in linguistics fifty years later.]]>
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    <author>
    <id>76298</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Geoffrey Sampson]]></name>
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    <average_rating>3.67</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>15</ratings_count>
    <text_reviews_count>3</text_reviews_count>
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  </authors>  <published>2001</published>
</book>

        <book>
  <id type="integer">6936704</id>
  <isbn>0199545227</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780199545223</isbn13>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">0</text_reviews_count>
  <title>
    <![CDATA[Language Complexity as an Evolving Variable (Studies in the Evolution of Language)]]>
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  <link>http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6936704-language-complexity-as-an-evolving-variable</link>
  <average_rating>0.0</average_rating>
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    <![CDATA[This book presents a challenge to the widely-held assumption that human languages are both similar and constant in their degree of complexity. For a hundred years or more the universal equality of languages has been a tenet of faith among most anthropologists and linguists. It has been frequently advanced as a corrective to the idea that some languages are at a later stage of evolution than others. It also appears to be an inevitable outcome of one of the central axioms of generative linguistic theory: that the mental architecture of language is fixed and is thus identical in all languages and that whereas genes evolve languages do not. <br/>  <br/>  Language Complexity as an Evolving Variable reopens the debate. Geoffrey Sampson's introductory chapter re-examines and clarifies the notion and theoretical importance of complexity in language, linguistics, cognitive science, and evolution. Eighteen distinguished scholars from all over the world then look at evidence gleaned from their own research in order to reconsider whether languages do or do not exhibit the same degrees and kinds of complexity. They examine data from a wide range of times and places. They consider the links between linguistic structure and social complexity and relate their findings to the causes and processes of language change. Their arguments are frequently controversial and provocative; their conclusions add up to an important challenge to conventional ideas about the nature of language. <br/>  <br/>  The authors write readably and accessibly with no recourse to unnecessary jargon. This fascinating book will appeal to all those interested in the interrelations between human nature, culture, and language.]]>
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        <name><![CDATA[Geoffrey Sampson]]></name>
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    <average_rating>3.67</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>15</ratings_count>
    <text_reviews_count>3</text_reviews_count>
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    <author>
    <id>489421</id>
        <name><![CDATA[David Gil]]></name>
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    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/489421.David_Gil]]></link>
    <average_rating>0.0</average_rating>
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    <author>
    <id>78968</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Peter Trudgill]]></name>
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    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/78968.Peter_Trudgill]]></link>
    <average_rating>3.42</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>166</ratings_count>
    <text_reviews_count>20</text_reviews_count>
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  </authors>  <published>2009</published>
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        <book>
  <id type="integer">5113160</id>
  <isbn>0198240236</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780198240235</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[English for the Computer: The SUSANNE Corpus and Analytic Scheme]]>
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  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
  <link>http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/5113160.English_for_the_Computer_The_SUSANNE_Corpus_and_Analytic_Scheme</link>
  <average_rating>0.0</average_rating>
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  <description>
    <![CDATA[Computer processing of natural language is a burgeoning field, but until now there has been no agreement on a standardized classification of the diverse structural elements that occur in real-life language material.  This book attempts to define a &quot;Linnaean taxonomy&quot; for the English language: an annotation scheme, the SUSANNE scheme, which yields a labelled constituency structure for any string of English, comprehensively identifying all of its surface and logical structural properties.  The structure is specified with sufficient rigor that analysts working independently must produce identical annotations for a given example.  The scheme is based on large sample of real-life use of British and American written and spoken English. The book also describes the SUSANNE electronic corpus of English which is annotated in accordance with the scheme.  It is freely available as a research resource to anyone working at a computer connected to Internet, and since 1992 has come into widespread use in academic and commercial research environments on four continents.]]>
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    <id>76298</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Geoffrey Sampson]]></name>
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    <average_rating>3.67</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>15</ratings_count>
    <text_reviews_count>3</text_reviews_count>
  </author>
  </authors>  <published>1995</published>
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        <book>
  <id type="integer">4858951</id>
  <isbn>3852060044</isbn>
  <isbn13>9783852060040</isbn13>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">0</text_reviews_count>
  <title>
    <![CDATA[Chomskyan linguistics: Aims, achievements, and prospects]]>
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  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
  <link>http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/4858951.Chomskyan_linguistics_Aims_achievements_and_prospects</link>
  <average_rating>0.0</average_rating>
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    <![CDATA[]]>
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    <id>76298</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Geoffrey Sampson]]></name>
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    <average_rating>3.67</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>15</ratings_count>
    <text_reviews_count>3</text_reviews_count>
  </author>
  </authors>  <published>1974</published>
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        <book>
  <id type="integer">3976593</id>
  <isbn>0851172539</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780851172538</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[An End to Allegiance]]>
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  <image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-111x148.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
  <link>http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/3976593.An_End_to_Allegiance</link>
  <average_rating>0.0</average_rating>
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    <![CDATA[]]>
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    <id>76298</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Geoffrey Sampson]]></name>
    <image_url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/images/nophoto/nophoto-U-200x266.jpg]]></image_url>
    <small_image_url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/images/nophoto/nophoto-U-50x66.jpg]]></small_image_url>
    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/76298.Geoffrey_Sampson]]></link>
    <average_rating>3.67</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>15</ratings_count>
    <text_reviews_count>3</text_reviews_count>
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  </authors>  <published>1984</published>
</book>

        <book>
  <id type="integer">1627673</id>
  <isbn>0304336505</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780304336500</isbn13>
  <text_reviews_count type="integer">0</text_reviews_count>
  <title>
    <![CDATA[Evolutionary Language Understanding (Communication in Artificial Intelligence Series)]]>
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  <image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-111x148.jpg</image_url>
  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
  <link>http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1627673.Evolutionary_Language_Understanding</link>
  <average_rating>0.0</average_rating>
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    <id>76298</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Geoffrey Sampson]]></name>
    <image_url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/images/nophoto/nophoto-U-200x266.jpg]]></image_url>
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    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/76298.Geoffrey_Sampson]]></link>
    <average_rating>3.67</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>15</ratings_count>
    <text_reviews_count>3</text_reviews_count>
  </author>
  </authors>  <published>1996</published>
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        <book>
  <id type="integer">1253397</id>
  <isbn>0297768905</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780297768906</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The form of language]]>
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  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
  <link>http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1253397.The_form_of_language</link>
  <average_rating>0.0</average_rating>
  <ratings_count>0</ratings_count>
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    <![CDATA[]]>
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    <author>
    <id>76298</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Geoffrey Sampson]]></name>
    <image_url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/images/nophoto/nophoto-U-200x266.jpg]]></image_url>
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    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/76298.Geoffrey_Sampson]]></link>
    <average_rating>3.67</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>15</ratings_count>
    <text_reviews_count>3</text_reviews_count>
  </author>
  </authors>  <published>1975</published>
</book>

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