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  <id>601593</id>
  <name><![CDATA[Michael Tooley]]></name>
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  <id type="integer">2068486</id>
  <isbn>0198750943</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780198750949</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[Causation]]>
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    <![CDATA[This volume presents a selection of the most influential recent discussions of the crucial metaphysical questions:  what is it for one event to cause another?  The subject of causation bears on many topics, such as time, explanation, mental states, the laws of nature, and the philosphy of science.]]>
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        <name><![CDATA[Michael Tooley]]></name>
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  </authors>  <published>1993</published>
</book>

        <book>
  <id type="integer">3194514</id>
  <isbn>0631193634</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780631193630</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[Knowledge of God]]>
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    <![CDATA[Is belief in God epistemically justified? That's the question at the heart of this volume in the <em>Great Debates in Philosophy</em> series, with Alvin Plantinga and Michael Tooley each addressing this fundamental question with distinctive arguments from opposing perspectives.<br/>&lt;ul&gt;<br/>&lt;li&gt;The first half of the book contains each philosopher's explanation of his particular view; the second half allows them to directly respond to each other's arguments, in a lively and engaging conversation <br/>&lt;li&gt;Offers the reader a one of a kind, interactive discussion <br/>&lt;li&gt;Forms part of the acclaimed <em><em>Great Debates in Philosophy</em></em> series &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;]]>
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        <name><![CDATA[Alvin Plantinga]]></name>
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        <name><![CDATA[Michael Tooley]]></name>
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  </authors>  <published>2008</published>
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        <book>
  <id type="integer">2785708</id>
  <isbn>0815330642</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780815330646</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[Laws of Nature, Causation, and Supervenience (Analytical Metaphysics, Volume 1)]]>
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        <name><![CDATA[Michael Tooley]]></name>
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  </authors>  <published>1999</published>
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        <book>
  <id type="integer">3871373</id>
  <isbn>081533382X</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780815333821</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[Necessity &amp; Possibility: The Metaphysics of Modality: Analytical Metaphysics, Volume 5]]>
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    <![CDATA[]]>
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  </authors>  <published>1999</published>
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        <book>
  <id type="integer">3871291</id>
  <isbn>0198250746</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780198250746</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[Time, Tense, and Causation]]>
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    <![CDATA[Michael Tooley presents a major new philosophical theory of the nature of time, offering a powerful alternative to the traditional &quot;tensed&quot; and recent &quot;tenseless&quot; accounts of time. He argues for a dynamic conception of the universe, in which past, present, and future are not merely subjective features of experience. He claims that the past and the present are real, while the future is not. Tooley's approach accounts for time in terms of causation. He therefore claims that the key to understanding the dynamic nature of the universe is to understand the nature of causation. Time, Tense, and Causation is a landmark treatment of one of the oldest and most perplexing intellectual problems, and will be fascinating reading for anyone interested in the character of time.]]>
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    <author>
    <id>601593</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Michael Tooley]]></name>
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    <average_rating>3.40</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>5</ratings_count>
    <text_reviews_count>0</text_reviews_count>
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  </authors>  <published>1997</published>
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        <book>
  <id type="integer">2785710</id>
  <isbn>0815330650</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780815330653</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[Time and Causation, Vol. 2: Analytical Metaphysics (Analytical Metaphysics Series Number 2)]]>
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  <link>http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/2785710.Time_and_Causation_Vol_2_Analytical_Metaphysics</link>
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    <![CDATA[]]>
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    <author>
    <id>601593</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Michael Tooley]]></name>
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    <average_rating>3.40</average_rating>
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  </authors>  <published>1999</published>
</book>

        <book>
  <id type="integer">4450244</id>
  <isbn>0815330669</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780815330660</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Nature of Properties : Nominalism, Realism, and Trope Theory (Analytical Metaphysics, Volume 3)]]>
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  <link>http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/4450244.The_Nature_of_Properties_Nominalism_Realism_and_Trope_Theory</link>
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    <![CDATA[]]>
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    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/601593.Michael_Tooley]]></link>
    <average_rating>3.40</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>5</ratings_count>
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  </authors>  <published>1999</published>
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        <book>
  <id type="integer">2785707</id>
  <isbn>0815330677</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780815330677</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[Particulars, Actuality, and Identity Over Time (Analytical Metaphysics, Volume 4)]]>
  </title>
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  <small_image_url>http://www.goodreads.com/images/nocover-60x80.jpg</small_image_url>
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    <![CDATA[]]>
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    <author>
    <id>601593</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Michael Tooley]]></name>
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    <small_image_url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/images/nophoto/nophoto-U-50x66.jpg]]></small_image_url>
    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/601593.Michael_Tooley]]></link>
    <average_rating>3.40</average_rating>
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  </authors>  <published>1999</published>
</book>

        <book>
  <id type="integer">1245164</id>
  <isbn>0198249624</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780198249627</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[Causation: A Realist Approach]]>
  </title>
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  <small_image_url>http://photo.goodreads.com/books/1182215610s/1245164.jpg</small_image_url>
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    <![CDATA[Traditional empiricist accounts of causation and of laws of nature have been reductionist, in the sense of entailing that, given a complete specification of the non-causal properties of, and relations among, particulars, it is thereby logically determined both what laws there are, and what events are causally related.  It is argued here, however, that reductionist accounts of causation, and of laws of nature, are exposed to decisive objections, and thus that the time has come for empiricists to break with that tradition.    The basic goal of this book, therefore, is to set out, and to defend, realist accounts of these concepts. In the case of causal relations, for example, Tooley maintains that causation is basically a matter of theoretical relations which underlie and explain relative frequencies.  He argues that such an approach avoids the objections that tell against reductionist accounts, and that it does so without making casual relations epistemologically inaccessible.]]>
  </description>
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    <author>
    <id>601593</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Michael Tooley]]></name>
    <image_url><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/images/nophoto/nophoto-U-200x266.jpg]]></image_url>
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    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/601593.Michael_Tooley]]></link>
    <average_rating>3.40</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>5</ratings_count>
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  </author>
  </authors>  <published>1988</published>
</book>

        <book>
  <id type="integer">6354553</id>
  <isbn>0195308956</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780195308952</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[Abortion: Three Perspectives]]>
  </title>
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    <![CDATA[Moving beyond traditional &quot;liberal versus conservative&quot; arguments for and against abortion, Abortion: Three Perspectives is an up-to-date, accessible, and engaging exploration of this highly contentious issue. Featuring a triangular debate between four prominent moral and political philosophers, it presents three different political perspectives: Michael Tooley argues the &quot;liberal&quot; pro-choice approach; Philip E. Devine and Celia Wolf-Devine argue the &quot;communitarian&quot; pro-life approach; and Alison M. Jaggar argues the &quot;gender justice&quot; approach. However, each of the authors' self-identifications is also challenged by one or more of the other authors, who offer alternative interpretations of liberalism, communitarianism, and feminism, as well as of what it means to be pro-choice and pro-life. All of these viewpoints are controversial, among both philosophers and general readers. Furthermore, because the arguments do not rely on religious authority, they are directed at all readers, regardless of religious affiliation.<br/>      Abortion: Three Perspectives is divided into two parts: the authors first develop their ideas in depth and then briefly critique the other positions. Drawing examples from real life, they also integrate logic and empirical data into their arguments and consider views of abortion across other disciplines. As philosophers, the authors possess expert skills in critical analysis; their debates provide students and other readers with a model of dialogue among those who very strongly disagree. Abortion: Three Perspectives is ideal for courses in contemporary moral problems, introduction to ethics, bioethics, medical ethics, and feminist philosophy.]]>
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    <author>
    <id>63690</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Celia Wolf-Devine]]></name>
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    <average_rating>2.00</average_rating>
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    <id>63691</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Philip E. Devine]]></name>
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    <author>
    <id>98384</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Alison M. Jaggar]]></name>
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    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/98384.Alison_M_Jaggar]]></link>
    <average_rating>4.43</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>23</ratings_count>
    <text_reviews_count>3</text_reviews_count>
  </author>
  </authors>  <published>2009</published>
</book>

        <book>
  <id type="integer">3472059</id>
  <isbn>0801413974</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780801413971</isbn13>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[The Environment in British Prehistory]]>
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    <![CDATA[]]>
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    <author>
    <id>2347929</id>
        <name><![CDATA[I.G. Simmons]]></name>
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    <average_rating>3.67</average_rating>
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    <author>
    <id>601593</id>
        <name><![CDATA[Michael Tooley]]></name>
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    <link><![CDATA[http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/601593.Michael_Tooley]]></link>
    <average_rating>3.40</average_rating>
    <ratings_count>5</ratings_count>
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  </authors>  <published>1981</published>
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        <book>
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  <isbn>0715614401</isbn>
  <isbn13>9780715614402</isbn13>
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    <![CDATA[Environment in British Prehistory]]>
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