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  <id>57479</id>
  <name><![CDATA[Steven Roger Fischer]]></name>
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  <id type="integer">1591868</id>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[History of Language (Reaktion Books - Globalities)]]>
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    <![CDATA[&lt;div&gt;It is tempting to take the tremendous rate of contemporary linguistic change for granted. What is required, in fact, is a radical reinterpretation of what language is. Steven Roger Fischer begins his book with an examination of the modes of communication used by dolphins, birds and primates as the first contexts in which the concept of &quot;language&quot; might be applied. As he charts the history of language from the times of Homo erectus, Neanderthal humans and Homo sapiens through to the nineteenth century, when the science of linguistics was developed, Fischer analyses the emergence of language as a science and its development as a written form. He considers the rise of pidgin, creole, jargon and slang, as well as the effects radio and television, propaganda, advertising and the media are having on language today. Looking to the future, he shows how electronic media will continue to reshape and re-invent the ways in which we communicate.<br/><br/>&quot;[a] delightful and unexpectedly accessible book ... a virtuoso tour of the linguistic world.&quot;&#8212;<em>The Economist</em> <br/><br/>&quot;... few who read this remarkable study will regard language in quite the same way again.&quot;&#8212;<em>The Good Book Guide</em>&lt;/div&gt;]]>
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  <id type="integer">436763</id>
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    <![CDATA[A History of the Pacific Islands]]>
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    <![CDATA[A History of the Pacific Islands traces the human history of nearly one-third of the globe over a 50,000 year span. This is history on a grand scale, taking the islands of Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia from prehistoric culture to the present day through a skillful interpretation of scholarship in the field. Fischer's familiarity with work in archaeology and anthropology as well as in history enriches the text, making this a book with wide appeal for students and general readers.]]>
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    <![CDATA[Island at the End of the World: The Turbulent History of Easter Island]]>
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    <![CDATA[&lt;DIV&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;On a long stretch of green coast in the South Pacific, hundreds of enormous, impassive stone heads stand guard against the ravages of time, war, and disease that have attempted over the centuries to conquer Easter Island. Steven Roger Fischer offers the first English-language history of Easter Island in <em>Island at the End of the World</em>, a fascinating chronicle of adversity, triumph, and the enduring monumentality of the island's stone guards. <br/><br/>A small canoe with Polynesians brought the first humans to Easter Island in 700 CE, and when boat travel in the South Pacific drastically decreased around 1500, the Easter Islanders were forced to adapt in order to survive their isolation. Adaptation, Fischer asserts, was a continuous thread in the life of Easter Island: the first European visitors, who viewed the awe-inspiring monolithic busts in 1722, set off hundreds of years of violent warfare, trade, and disease—from the smallpox, wars, and Great Death that decimated the island to the late nineteenth-century Catholic missionaries who tried to &quot;save&quot; it to a despotic Frenchman who declared sole claim of the island and was soon killed by the remaining 111 islanders. The rituals, leaders, and religions of the Easter Islanders evolved with all of these events, and Fischer is just as attentive to the island's cultural developments as he is to its foreign invasions. <br/><br/>Bringing his history into the modern era, Fischer examines the colonization and annexation of Easter Island by Chile, including the Rapanui people's push for civil rights in 1964 and 1965, by which they gained full citizenship and freedom of movement on the island. As travel to and interest in the island rapidly expand, <em>Island at the End of the World</em> is an essential history of this mysterious site.&lt;/DIV&gt;]]>
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  <id type="integer">2054297</id>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[History of Writing (Reaktion Books - Globalities)]]>
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    <![CDATA[&lt;div&gt;From the earliest scratches on stone and bone to the languages of computers and the internet, <em>A History of Writing</em> offers a fascinating investigation into the origin and development of writing throughout the world.Commencing with the first stages of information storage, Fischer focuses on the emergence of complete writing systems in Mesopotamia in the fourth millennium BC. He documents the rise of Phoenician and its effect on the Greek alphabet, generating the many alphabetic scripts of the West. Chinese, Vietnamese, Korean and Japanese writing systems are dealt with in depth, as is writing in pre-Columbian America. Also explored are Western Europe's medieval manuscripts and the history of printing, leading to the innovations in technology and spelling rules of the 19th and 20th centuries.&lt;/div&gt;]]>
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  <id type="integer">232729</id>
  <isbn>1861892098</isbn>
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    <![CDATA[History of Reading (Reaktion Books - Globalities)]]>
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    <![CDATA[&lt;div&gt;Steven Roger Fischer&#8217;s fascinating book traces the complete story of reading from the time when symbol first became sign through to the electronic texts of the present day. Describing ancient forms of reading and the various modes that were necessary to read different writing systems and scripts, Fischer turns to Asia and the Americas and discusses the forms and developments of completely divergent dimensions of reading.With the Middle Ages in Europe and the Middle East, innovative re-inventions of reading emerged &#8211; silent and liturgical reading; the custom of lectors; reading&#8217;s focus in general education &#8211; whereupon printing transformed society&#8217;s entire attitude to reading. Fischer charts the explosion of the book trade in this era, its increased audience and radically changed subject-matter; describes the emergence of broadsheets, newspapers and public readings; and traces the effect of new font designs on general legibility. Fischer discusses society&#8217;s dedication to public literacy in the sweeping educational reforms of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and notes the appearance of free libraries, gender differences in reading matter, public advertising and the &quot;forbidden&quot; lists of Church, State and the unemancipated. Finally, he assesses the future, in which it is likely that read communication will soon exceed oral communication through the use of the personal computer and the internet, and looks at &quot;visual language&quot; and modern theories of how reading is processed in the human brain. Asking how the New Reader can reshape reading&#8217;s future, he suggests a radical new definition of what reading could be.&lt;/div&gt;]]>
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  <id type="integer">4181604</id>
  <isbn>1861891601</isbn>
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  <title>
    <![CDATA[A History of Reading]]>
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    <![CDATA[<p>Reading started in ancient Asia and the Americas, re-emerged in Europe in the Middle Ages and was reinvented by the development of printing. The explosion of the book trade, of newspapers, public readings and public libraries swept reading into 19th century educational reforms and onwards towards the present cyber-age, in which read communication looks set to exceed oral communication. This highly innovative account, the last in Fischer's trilogy, is a complete history of a ubiquitous yet mysterious art. </p>]]>
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    <![CDATA[A History of Language; A History of Writing; A History of Reading]]>
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    <![CDATA[3-volume set, still in shrinkwrap]]>
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    <![CDATA[Eine kleine Geschichte der Sprache]]>
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    <![CDATA[Eine kleine Geschichte der Sprache.]]>
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    <![CDATA[Breve Historia Del Lenguaje/ Brief History of Language]]>
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