George Sand

Author profile

born

July 01, 1804 in Paris, France

died

June 08, 1876

gender

female

genre

Literature & Fiction, Women & Gender Studies

About this author

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Amantine Aurore Lucile Dupin, later Baroness (French:baronne) Dudevant (1 July 1804 – 8 June 1876), best known by her pseudonym Georges Sand (French pronunciation: [ʒɔʁʒ sɑ̃d]), was a French novelist. She is considered by some a feminist although she refused to join this movement. She is regarded as the first French female novelist to gain a major reputation.

Sand's reputation came into question when she began sporting men's clothing in public — which she justified by the clothes being far sturdier and less expensive than the typical dress of a noblewoman at the time. In addition to being comfortable, Sand's male dress enabled her to circulate more freely in Paris than most of her female contemporaries could, and gave her increased access to...more Amantine Aurore Lucile Dupin, later Baroness (French:baronne) Dudevant (1 July 1804 – 8 June 1876), best known by her pseudonym Georges Sand (French pronunciation: [ʒɔʁʒ sɑ̃d]), was a French novelist. She is considered by some a feminist although she refused to join this movement. She is regarded as the first French female novelist to gain a major reputation.

Sand's reputation came into question when she began sporting men's clothing in public — which she justified by the clothes being far sturdier and less expensive than the typical dress of a noblewoman at the time. In addition to being comfortable, Sand's male dress enabled her to circulate more freely in Paris than most of her female contemporaries could, and gave her increased access to venues from which women were often barred — even women of her social standing.

Also scandalous was Sand's smoking tobacco in public; neither peerage nor gentry had yet sanctioned the free indulgence of women in such a habit, especially in public (though Franz Liszt's paramour Marie D'Agoult affected this as well, smoking large cigars). These and other behaviors were exceptional for a woman of the early and mid-19th century, when social codes—especially in the upper classes—were of the utmost importance.

As a consequence of many unorthodox aspects of her lifestyle, Sand was obliged to relinquish some of the privileges appertaining to a baroness — though, interestingly, the mores of the period did permit upper-class wives to live physically separated from their husbands, without losing face, provided the estranged couple exhibited no blatant irregularity to the outside world.

Poet Charles Baudelaire was a contemporary critic of George Sand: "She is stupid, heavy and garrulous. Her ideas on morals have the same depth of judgment and delicacy of feeling as those of janitresses and kept women.... The fact that there are men who could become enamoured of this slut is indeed a proof of the abasement of the men of this generation."

However, other luminaries in the world of arts and letters did not necessarily agree with Baudelaire, a few quotes will suffice:

"She was a thinking bosom and one who overpowered her young lovers, all Sybil — a Romantic."
V.S. Pritchett (writer)

"What a brave man she was, and what a good woman."
Ivan Turgenev (novelist)

"The most womanly woman."
Alfred de Musset (poet)

George Sand died at Nohant, near Châteauroux, in France's Indre département on 8 June 1876, at the age of 71 and was buried in the grounds of her home there.(less)

combine editions
Books by George Sand

Average rating: 3.61 · 2,306 ratings · 209 reviews · 250 distinct works

	Indiana by George Sand, Sylvia Raphael (Translator), Naomi Schor (Introduction) 3.45 avg rating — 424 ratings — published 1832 — 28 editions	My rating:
	La Petite Fadette 3.68 avg rating — 340 ratings — published 1849 — 51 editions	My rating:
	La mare au diable 3.32 avg rating — 389 ratings — published 1846 — 89 editions	My rating:
	Consuelo 4.10 avg rating — 201 ratings — published 1843 — 24 editions	My rating:
	Story of My Life: The Autobiography of George Sand by George Sand, Thelma Jurgrau (Editor) 3.95 avg rating — 85 ratings — published 1855 — 16 editions	My rating:
	Mauprat 3.75 avg rating — 87 ratings — published 1837 — 36 editions	My rating:
	Marianne by George Sand, Sian Mills (Translator), Marilyn French (Foreword by) 3.51 avg rating — 76 ratings — published 1876 — 8 editions	My rating:
	Horace by George Sand, Zack Rogow (Translator) 3.75 avg rating — 53 ratings — published 1842 — 5 editions	My rating:
	Winter in Majorca 3.16 avg rating — 64 ratings — published 1842 — 29 editions	My rating:
	Lelia, Set 4.02 avg rating — 42 ratings — published 1833 — 12 editions	My rating:

More books by George Sand…

Series by George Sand

Consuelo (2 books)
by George Sand

4.14 avg rating — 245 ratings

Quotes by George Sand

“Guard well within yourself that treasure, kindness. Know how to give without hesitation, how to lose without regret, how to acquire without meanness.”
― George Sand

tags: kindness

1,639 people liked it

“Let us accept truth, even when it surprises us and alters our views.”
― George Sand, Letters Of George Sand

725 people liked it

“One is happy as a result of one's own efforts once one knows the necessary ingredients of happiness: simple tastes, a certain degree of courage, self denial to a point, love of work, and above all, a clear conscience.”
― George Sand

tags: happiness

204 people liked it

See all George Sand's quotes »

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