Julian Jaynes





Julian Jaynes

Author profile


born
February 27, 1920 in West Newton, Massachusetts, The United States

died
November 21, 1997

gender
male

website

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About this author

Julian Jaynes was an American psychologist, best known for his book The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind (1976), in which he argued that ancient peoples were not conscious.
Jaynes defines "consciousness" more narrowly than some philosophers. Jaynes' definition of consciousness is synonymous with what philosophers now call "meta-consciousness" or "meta-awareness" i.e. awareness of awareness, thoughts about thinking, desires about desires, beliefs about beliefs. This form of reflection is also distinct from the kinds of "deliberations" seen in other higher animals such as crows insofar as Jaynesian consciousness is dependent on linguistic cognition.


Average rating: 4.20 · 964 ratings · 174 reviews · 3 distinct works
The Origin of Consciousness...
4.2 of 5 stars 4.20 avg rating — 966 ratings — published 1976 — 18 editions
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Consciousness and the Voice...
4.75 of 5 stars 4.75 avg rating — 4 ratings — published 1985
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Historical Conceptions Of P...
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“Our sense of justice depends on our sense of time. Justice is a phenomenon only of consciousness, because time spread out in a spatial succession is its very essence. And this is possible only in a spatial metaphor of time.”
Julian Jaynes, The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind

“The unlocatable location of things thought about”
Julian Jaynes

“O, what a world of unseen visions and heard silences, this insubstantial country of the mind! What ineffable essences, these touchless rememberings and unshowable reveries! And the privacy of it all! A secret theater of speechless monologue and prevenient counsel, an invisible mansion of all moods, musings, and mysteries, an infinite resort of disappointments and discoveries. A whole kingdom where each of us reigns reclusively alone, questioning what we will, commanding what we can. A hidden hermitage where we may study out the troubled book of what we have done and yet may do. An introcosm that is more myself than anything I can find in a mirror. This consciousness that is myself of selves, that is everything, and yet is nothing at all - what is it?
And where did it come from?
And why?”
Julian Jaynes, The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind